Abstract: An electronic power circuit includes at least one power semiconductor whose control inputs are connected to a trigger device and a power supply which, on the output side, is connected to terminals of the trigger device and, on the input side, is connected to an accessory device to which a supply voltage is applied. The power semiconductor is implemented as a self-conducting power semiconductor, which economically reduces the forward power losses and switching losses of an electronic power circuit.

Abstract: In a method of holding a machine element, whose position is directly or indirectly controlled by an electromotive drive in the absence of a self-locking mechanism, the drive is halted and shifted into a standby mode while a brake is activated to maintain the machine element in a fixed position. As soon as a holding position of the altered and exceeds a tolerance value, the machine element is stopped by a type of catch control in which the drive is activated again to catch the machine element or load. The drive is thus a safe drive constructed to securely prevent a re-starting although an inadvertent shutdown is not preventable.

Abstract: In a method of holding a machine element, whose position is directly or indirectly controlled by an electromotive drive in the absence of a self-locking mechanism, the drive is halted and a brake is activated to maintain the machine element in a holding position, without shutting down the drive which remain active. The drive is thus a safe drive constructed to securely prevent a re-starting although an inadvertent shutdown is not preventable.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an apparatus (2) for determining an operating state of a motor (4) which is connected to a rigid network (6) and has a rotation speed sensor. According to the invention, phase voltages (ul, u2, u3) of the rigid network (6) which are applied to the connecting terminals (L1, L2, L3) of the motor (4) are used to determine its frequency (fN) and amplitude (U1), a measured shaft rotation speed (n) and a number of pole pairs (p) of the motor (4) are used to determine the slip (s) of the motor (4) as a function of the determined network frequency (fn), and the mechanical shaft power (Pmech) is calculated as a function of this slip (s), of the determined amplitude (U1), of an internal voltage (U11) in the motor (4) and of motor-specific parameters (X1, X2, Xh, R2, R1, Rfe, &sgr;). A method which is independent of power is thus obtained for determining an operating state of a motor (4), without any need to detect the actual current value.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an apparatus (2) for determining an operating state of a motor (4) which is connected to a rigid network (6) and has a rotation speed sensor. According to the invention, phase voltages (U1, U2, U3) of the rigid network (6) which are applied to the connecting terminals (L1, L2, L3) of the motor (4) are used to determine its frequency (fN) and amplitude (U1), a measured shaft rotation speed (n) and a number of pole pairs (p) of the motor (4) are used to determine the slip (s) of the motor (4) as a function of the determined network frequency (fn), and the mechanical shaft power (Pmech) is calculated as a function of this slip (s), of the determined amplitude (U1), of an internal voltage (U11) in the motor (4) and of motor-specific parameters (X1, X2, Xh, R2, R1, Rfe, &sgr;). A method which is independent of power is thus obtained for determining an operating state of a motor (4), without any need to detect the actual current value.

Abstract: In a method and device for monitoring speed, in particular for monitoring the rotation speed of an electric machine, two processors are employed which monitor the speed using different checking modes and cross-compare results. The first processor executes a conventional control algorithm and checks on the basis of an estimated or measured value of the speed whether a speed limit has been exceeded. The second processor determines the actual output frequency, which is also indicative of the speed, of a converter either from actual current values, which are measured anyway, or by reconstructing the voltage from control signals of transistors. Both processors thus monitor if a rotation speed limit has been exceeded and/or execute corresponding response actions. The method also recognizes faults in the power section based on the evaluation of the phase current. The system can also be designed to manage pulling loads.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an automation system with at least one automation module (1), which has at least one automation object (A1-An), and with function modules (F1-F6), which contain means for central management and maintenance of the automation objects (A1-An). As a result, a manufacturer-independent definition of new automation objects, possibly using already existing automation objects, becomes possible, costly separate programming of new automation solutions is no longer necessary at all or is at least significantly simplified.

Abstract: An automation system with at least one automation object (A1 . . . An) having a first component (K1) for generating a system functionality, a second component (K2) for generating a base functionality, and a third component (K3) for managing at least one module (M1 . . . Mn). Each module has a first module component (MK1) for generating a system functionality, a second module component (MK2) for generating a base functionality and a third module component (MK3) for generating a technological functionality.

Abstract: Re-use and platform independence of application software is achieved by using component types comprising an interface and a body. This is followed by automatically generating components based on the developed component types. The development process steps are preceded by an adaptation process step, during which the functionality of all component types is defined for all the platforms.

Abstract: A chip inductance is composed of a wound coil core (1) that is arranged erect on a system carrier (6). Perpendicularly residing clips (7) are located on the system carrier, whereby the coil core (1) is arranged within the space formed by the clips. The terminals are thereby located essentially outside the space existing between the end face planes of the coil core (1).

Abstract: An active optical current-measuring system (2) including a sensor (4) which is provided with current connecting busbars (12, 14) and a light guide connector. The sensor includes two parts (8, 10) which, when assembled, form a hollow cavity (16) within which an electronic sensor component (6) is mounted. The electronic sensor is connected at the output to the light guide connector. A measuring resistor is provided as the sensor (4). The current-measuring system (2) is also capable of detecting direct currents. The electronic sensor component,(6) is mechanically protected and electromagnetically shielded.

Abstract: A device for measuring a magnetic field which is constant or varies over time, includes at least one core (3, 4) consisting of a material having high permeability, a coil (5, 6) for the magnetization of this core via an alternating current source (I) connected to the coil, and at least one measuring coil (7, 8) in which a voltage is induced corresponding to the magnetic field resulting in the coil produced by means of the applied alternating current and the external magnetic field to be measured. In order to measure very small magnetic fields and relative changes in the fields, an integrating device (9) connected with the measuring coil (7, 8), an arrangement for subtracting the d.c. voltage component from the alternating voltage component of the measurement voltage (U.sub.ai) and a device for detecting the peak values of consecutive half-waves of the output signal (U.sub.x) of the subtracting arrangement (13, 10) are provided.

Abstract: A sensor is suggested for measuring physical dimensions as well as a method for balancing its measuring values, whereby an evaluation circuit is used for the calculation of the accurate measuring value. The sensor (10) is combined with a PROM (15) into a structural unit (19), whereby the correction values for the measuring signals of sensor (10) are stored in PROM (15). Sensor (10) and PROM (15) have at least one output (18) through which the measuring signals as well as the correcting data have to be transmitted to evaluation circuit (30).

Abstract: In a pressure sensor for detecting the air pressure in the interior of tubeless tires of motor vehicles, on a rim having two edge beads extending around its outside and a drum-like base, to facilitate mounting and provide malfunction-free, exact detection of pressure it is provided that the pressure sensor (10) is disposed in a bore (9) of the preferably radially inner section (5) of a bead (3), and in particular the longitudinal axis (43) of the pressure sensor (10) forms an acute angle with the axis (44) of the rim.

Abstract: A pressure pick-off for generating electrical signals comprises a reference pressure chamber which is oxygen-free, at least one pressure dependent deformable membrane closing the reference pressure chamber from a medium under pressure and supporting at least one electric sensor element, and a conductor located in the reference pressure chamber and connectable with a measuring current circuit, the conductor being formed so that during a leakage in the reference pressure chamber it is oxidized by penetrated oxygen so that it is electrically interrupted.

Abstract: A magnetoresistive sensor used for emitting of electric signals in dependency on the position or the speed of a ferromagnetic body includes magnetoresistive measuring strips (10) on a substrate (12) which are exposed to a stationary magnetic field (H) such that a large field component (H.sub.y) extends perpendicular to the measuring strips and a substantially smaller field component (H.sub.x) in the plane of the measuring strips and at an angle of about 45.degree. to the direction of a measuring current flowing through the measuring strips. By approaching a ferromagnetic body (14) to the stationary field (H) additional field components (H.sub.z and H.sub.t) start acting on the measuring strips. The magnetic field component H.sub.t generated in the plane of the measuring strips changes in dependency on the position or speed of the ferromagnetic body and affects measuring current accordingly.