Abstract: The invention relates to capsules for inhalation (inhalettes) made from specific capsule materials with a reduced moisture content, which contain the active substance tiotropium in the form of powdered preparations and are characterised by increased stability.

Abstract: The subject matter of the invention is a capsule, in particular for the packaging of inhalation formulations, in which at least one cavity is enclosed by a wall, characterized in that at least one portion of the wall has a polymer composition that contains at least one adsorbent, as well as said capsule's preferred use. Furthermore an inhaler and secondary packaging containing at least one such capsule are also described.

Abstract: The measurement of the particle size distribution of an aerosol is of crucial importance in pharmaceutical development. A prerequisite for this is a valid method, e.g. the cascade impactor method described in the pharmacopoeias. It requires measurement of the active substance concentration in order to determine the particle size distribution. The invention provides a process which makes it possible to measure the size of aerosol droplets containing pharmaceutical substances which are unstable in the event of changes in the pH.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for measuring the particle size distribution of a pharmaceutical aerosol, including methods utilizing laser diffraction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to capsules for holding pharmaceutical preparations for powder inhalers with increased drug safety and capsules for pharmaceutical preparations for powder inhalers with improved adaptation to their use in powder inhalers. The capsules consist of water-insoluble hydrophobic synthetic materials which do not significantly affect the pharmaceutical quality of the contents themselves, but which improve the usability of the filled capsules with regard to their function, their longevity, and/or the geographic location of their use, and are advantageous at various stages from manufacture up to utilization.

Abstract: The present invention relates to atomizers for administering liquids to the cornea or conjunctiva of the eye, special eye adapters for atomizers and the use of atomizers for opthalmological administration. The atomizers according to the invention are free from propellant gas and have an energy reservoir for supplying the energy needed for the atomization process.

Abstract: A cartridge for propellant-free administration of a liquid pharmaceutical composition by inhalation includes: an elongate displacing device including an upper end and a lower end, the lower end for at least partial insertion into a container; a cartridge chamber disposed at the lower end of the displacing device and operable store a pharmaceutical formulation, the cartridge chamber including at least one pierceably sealed opening; and a cannula guide extending from the upper end of the displacing device to the cartridge chamber, wherein insertion of a cannula through the guide pierces the sealed opening and releases the pharmaceutical formulation into a liquid solvent in the container to form the liquid pharmaceutical composition.

Abstract: Atomizers for administering liquids to the cornea or conjunctiva of the eye, special eye adapters for atomizers and the use of atomizers for ophthalmological administration. The atomizers are free from propellant gas and have an energy reservoir for supplying the energy needed for the atomization process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a nozzle system for a delivery device for liquids, wherein the nozzle system comprises a nozzle and a device which fixes the nozzle in the delivery device. The delivery device, an atomizer, has a liquid reservoir from which a liquid is forced through the nozzle under pressure. The nozzle fixing means may itself be secured by a second fixing, e.g., in the form of a check nut, or the fixing may itself be a check nut. According to the invention the fixing means on the nozzle outlet side has a specific geometry which minimizes the proportion of dispensed liquid deposited on the fixing means. Preferably, the present invention is part of a propellant-free device for nebulizing pharmaceutical liquids.

Abstract: The invention relates to a powder inhaler operating on the Bernoulli principle with replaceable cylindrical disposable capsules as the active substance reservoir. The powder inhaler consists essentially of a preferably cylindrical capsule chamber provided with means for laterally opening the capsule, an air inlet opening in the capsule chamber and an air outlet opening and a mouthpiece mounted downstream of the air outlet opening. The capsule chamber is constructed so that after insertion the reservoir capsule can essentially only move in the longitudinal direction when a sufficiently powerful air stream passes through the capsule chamber, guided substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the capsule. According to the invention, the inner wall of the capsule chamber is uneven in order to achieve a better emptying of the capsule than is obtained with a smooth inner surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a nozzle system for a delivery device for liquids, wherein the nozzle system comprises a nozzle and a device which fixes the nozzle in the delivery device. The delivery device, an atomiser, has a liquid reservoir from which a liquid is forced through the nozzle under pressure. The nozzle fixing means may itself be secured by a second fixing, e.g., in the form of a check nut, or the fixing may itself be a check nut. According to the invention the fixing means on the nozzle outlet side has a specific geometry which minimizes the proportion of dispensed liquid deposited on the fixing means. Preferably, the present invention is part of a propellant-free device for nebulizing pharmaceutical liquids.

Abstract: The measurement of the particle size distribution of an aerosol is of crucial importance in pharmaceutical development. A prerequisite for this is a valid method, e.g. the cascade impactor method described in the pharmacopoeias. It requires measurement of the active substance concentration in order to determine the particle size distribution. The invention provides a process which makes it possible to measure the size of aerosol droplets containing pharmaceutical substances which are unstable in the event of changes in the pH.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for measuring the particle size distribution of a pharmaceutical aerosol, including methods utilizing laser diffraction.

Abstract: The measurement of the particle size distribution of an aerosol is of crucial importance in pharmaceutical development. A prerequisite for this is a valid method, e.g. the cascade impactor method described in the pharmacopoeias. It requires measurement of the active substance concentration in order to determine the particle size distribution. The invention provides a process which makes it possible to measure the size of aerosol droplets containing pharmaceutical substances which are unstable in the event of changes in the pH.

Abstract: A cartridge having two chambers for separate storage of active substance and solvent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to atomizers for administering liquids to the cornea or conjunctiva of the eye, special eye adapters for atomizers and the use of atomizers for ophthalmological administration. The atomizers according to the invention are free from propellant gas and have an energy reservoir for supplying the energy needed for the atomization process.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus comprising a closure-cap and a container in the form of a two-chamber cartridge in which an active ingredient and a solvent can be stored separately until the apparatus is used in a nebuliser, as well as an active substance concentrate in which the active-substance is present as a solution or suspension for storage purposes.

Abstract: For medical fluids, two-part containers are used which consist of an inner container and an outer container which is impenetrable to diffusion. The inner container collapses when the fluid is removed. For the purposes of pressure compensation between the gaseous space, disposed between the inner- and outer containers, and the surroundings of the two-part container, a pressure compensation device is required by means of which at the same time the loss of fluid through diffusion from the collapsible inner container is kept as little as possible. To that end, at least one channel is used which communicates the gas-filled intermediate space with the surroundings of the two-part container. The time constant for compensation of a pressure differential of a few millibars is within the region of quite a few hours. It is obtained by selecting the length of the channel and channel cross-section.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus comprising a closure-cap and a container in the form of a two-chamber cartridge in which an active ingredient and a solvent can be stored separately until the apparatus is used in a nebulizer, as well as an active substance concentrate in which the active-substance is present as a solution or suspension for storage purposes.

Abstract: For meteredly dispensing a liquid over a period of several months from a container which can be stored over a long period of time, the need is for a container which is practically diffusion-tight and in which the liquid does not come into contact with the ambient atmosphere. The cartridge according to the invention is a three-shell container comprising a collapsible bag which contains the liquid, a container which is stable in respect of shape and a stiff metal casing. The cartridge can be releasably connected to a dispensing device. The cartridge can be provided with a micro-opening with which the time for pressure equalisation between the cartridge and the ambient atmosphere can be adjusted. The cartridge is suitable for aqueous and for alcoholic liquids which contain a pharmaceutically active substance. The liquid in the cartridge is protected from external influences. The cartridge can be used in an atomiser for producing an inhalable aerosol for the treatment of illnesses.