Abstract: A digital printer or copier machine (1) and a device (23) for protection against excessive heating of an object (5, 49), for example, a paper to be printed, that is guided past a radiation device (7) within a digital printer or copier machine (1). The protection device (23) has two protection elements (41, 43) permeable to radiation and arranged at a distance from each other, which are arranged in the radiation path (21) between a radiation device (7) and the object to be heated (5, 49).

Abstract: A method for fixation of toner on a carrier or printing stock wherein the printing stock with toner is exposed to at least one radiation pulse or radiation flash of electromagnetic radiation and heated for melting of the toner, and a toner having a sharp transition from its solid to liquid state when heated is used. The toner is preferably characterized by the ratio of the value of the elastic modulus G′, at the reference temperature value calculated from the initial temperature at the beginning of the glass transition of the toner plus 50° C., to the value of the elastic modulus G′ at the initial temperature itself, is less than 10−5.

Abstract: A fixation device for fixation of toner material on a printing stock for an electrophotographic printer with a radiation wavelength essentially in the ultraviolet range for thermal melting of the toner material, and the stock, as carrier of the toner material, is heatable by a device essentially during the exposure process.

Abstract: A radiation unit for a fixation device for fixation of toner material on a printing stock surface for an electrophotographic printing machine, as well as a method for exposure and fixation of toner material on a printing stock surface. Exposure for fixation of toner material occurs essentially indirectly, i.e., the light emitted by the radiation unit is reflected at least once, so that high uniformity and homogeneity of the radiation, efficient energy utilization and avoidance of adverse changes on the printing stock are achieved. A high-energy density, low housing dimensions and independence of the radiation from the employed printing unit are achieved by the fact that the radiation wavelength lies essentially in the ultraviolet spectral range.

Abstract: A device and process for fixing a toner onto a substrate or a printed material, especially a sheet-shaped printed material, preferably for a digital printer, which is characterized in that the printed material that has the toner is irradiated with microwaves from at least one microwave emitter and is heated to melt the toner and that a toner is used which exhibits a sharp drop of the modulus of elasticity G′ from its solid to its liquid state when it is heated. Preferably, the ratio of the value of the modulus of elasticity G′ of the toner according to the invention at the reference temperature value, calculated from the starting temperature at the beginning of the glass transformation of the toner plus 50° C., to the value of the modulus of elasticity G′ at the starting temperature itself is <10−5.

Abstract: A digital image recording device (1), especially an electrographic or electrophotographic printing or copying machine, and a process for controlling the gloss of a toner image which has been transferred to an image carrier substrate (9) and fixed are proposed. In the process, after the toner image has been fixed on the image carrier substrate (9) by heating, as much heat is supplied to the toner image at least once again that the toner image on its surface or in the area near its surface is melted either completely or at least in areas, the degree and/or the duration of melting being set depending on the desired gloss of the toner image.

Abstract: A device and process for fixing a toner onto a substrate or a printed material, especially a sheet-shaped printed material, preferably for a digital printer, which is characterized in that the printed material that has the toner is irradiated with microwaves from at least one microwave emitter, and is heated to melt the toner, and that a toner is used which exhibits a sharp drop of the modulus of elasticity G′ from its solid to its liquid state when it is heated. Preferably, the ratio of the value of the modulus of elasticity G′ of the toner according to the invention at the reference temperature value, calculated from the starting temperature at the beginning of the glass transformation of the toner plus 50° C., to the value of the modulus of elasticity G′ at the starting temperature itself is <10−5.

Abstract: A process or device for fusing toner on a carrier or a printing material, particularly a sheet-type printing material, preferably for a digital printer, wherein the printing material with the toner is irradiated with microwaves from at least one microwave conductor, which is heated to melt the toner and a toner is used which shows a sharp drop of the elastic modulus G′ from its hard state to its liquid state when heated. The ratio of the value of the elastic modulus G′ of the toner is the reference temperature value calculated from the initial temperature at the beginning of the glass transition of the toner plus 50° C. to the value of the elastic modulus G′ at the initial temperature is <10−5.

Abstract: A digital image recording process is proposed. The process provides that a color toner image made of toner layers having different colors is transferred onto an image receiving substrate and then fused and fixed onto the image receiving substrate by impingement with electromagnetic radiation. The process is characterized in that in order to produce the color black, at least one toner layer is used that has similar absorption properties, at least for one wavelength within a predetermined wavelength range for the electromagnetic radiation, as the other toner layers that are used.

Abstract: The invention concerns a machine for application and fixation of curable toner through a substrate and a method for printing and/or coating a substrate, especially paper or cardboard. The method proposes the use of at least one curable toner in which at least one toner layer or at least one image having a toner layer is transferred to the substrate and fixed on it. The method is characterized by the degree of melting of the toner layer being fixed being controlled as a function of the desired luster.