Abstract: A crystalline semiconductor Schottky barrier-like diode sandwiched between two conducting electrodes is in series with a memory element, a word line and a bit line, wherein the setup provides voltage margins greater than 1V and current densities greater than 5×106 A/cm2. This Schottky barrier-like diode can be fabricated under conditions compatible with low-temperature BEOL semiconductor processing, can supply high currents at low voltages, exhibits high on-off ratios, and enables large memory arrays.

Abstract: A device is disclosed having a M8XY6 layer sandwiched in between a first conductive layer on the top and a second conductive layer on the bottom, wherein (i) M includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of Cu, Ag, Li, and Zn, (ii) X includes at least one Group XIV element, and (iii) Y includes at least one Group XVI element. Also disclosed is a device comprising: an MaXbYc material contacted on opposite sides by respective layers of conductive material, wherein: (i) M includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of Cu, Ag, Li, and Zn, (ii) X includes at least one Group XIV element, and (iii) Y includes at least one Group XVI element, and wherein a is in the range of 48-60 atomic percent, b is in the range of 4-10 atomic percent, c is in the range of 30-45 atomic percent, and a+b+c is at least 90 atomic percent.

Abstract: An avalanche-type detector circuit includes an avalanche-type photon detector device, a coupling capacitor, a bias network, a first transmission line and a second transmission line. The coupling capacitor has a first terminal that is coupled to a first terminal of the avalanche-type photon detector device. A first terminal of the bias network is coupled to the first terminal of the avalanche-type photon detector device, while a second terminal of the bias network is coupled to a bias voltage so that the avalanche-type photon detector device is reverse biased. A first end of the first transmission line is coupled to a second terminal of the coupling capacitor, and second end of the first transmission line is terminated by an open-circuit termination. A first end of the second transmission line is coupled to a second terminal of the avalanche-type photon detector device. The second end of the second transmission line is terminated by a short-circuit termination.

Abstract: The present invention relates to hollow carbon fibers having a cylindrical wall comprising a single layer of carbon atoms and a process for the production of these fibers.

Abstract: A film comprising fullerene molecules or their derivatives, preferably C.sub.60 or C.sub.70 fullerene molecules, is used as a lubricating film between two bearing surfaces. In a particular embodiment, a data recording disk file with the film deposited on the disk surface has improved properties of static friction and wear resistance at the head-disk interface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved process for making fullerenes having greater than seventy carbon atoms. The process involves electrical heating of a low density carbon rod in an inert atmosphere.

Abstract: A laser produces a light beam which is passed through a nonlinear crystal along a beam path. The noncritical phase matching axis of the nonlinear crystal is offset at a slight angle from the beam path. The angle of exit of the second harmonic light from the nonlinear crystal varies with the temperature of the crystal. A segmented photodetector detects this beam angle and generates a temperature error signal. A temperature control element receives a temperature error signal and causes the temperature of the crystal to be adjusted.

Abstract: A right angle corner reflector is used to reflect different parts of a single incident collimated radiation beam such that a cylindrical region is equally irradiated transversely from four directions. The cylindrical region is positioned such that rays which strike the intersection of the corner reflector surfaces are tangent to the side of the cylindrical region. The cylindrical region is spaced from the corner reflector such that one quarter of the radiation incident upon the cylindrical region strikes the region directly, one quarter is first reflected from one of the corner reflector surfaces, one quarter is first reflected from the other corner reflector surface, and one quarter is reflected from first one and then the other corner reflector surface before striking the cylindrical region.

Abstract: An intense broadband continuum light pulse of uniform spectral intensity and short time duration is generated. This continuum pulse is then downconverted in frequency to a region of interest, preferably in the infrared region, by applying it as a pump pulse to a molecular or atomic vapor so as to induce stimulated Raman scattering. The resulting Raman Stokes pulse surprisingly tends to have the same spectral bandwidth, intensity uniformity and time duration as the pump continuum pulse.The downconverted continuum pulse (the Raman Stokes pulse) is then used to probe a sample. The sample converts the uniform spectral intensity distribution of the probe pulse into a nonuniform spectral intensity distribution which contains the absorption spectrum of the sample. This spectrum pulse has the same spectral bandwidth and time duration as the Raman Stokes pulse and is finally upconverted in frequency to a region where the spectrum pulse can be conveniently recorded.