Abstract: This invention describes a modified electrospinning method for making uniformly patterned and porous nanofibrous scaffolds that can be utilized in a variety of applications. While traditional electrospinning method uses a foil collector that generates compact layers of nanofibrous structures, resulting on the superficial cell growth and differentiation, the present method comprises adopting additional patterned film(s) on top of the conventional collector to make a patterned porous structure of nanofibrous scaffolds that are capable of supporting cell growth. For example, the method uses a double layered collector composed of a water soluble stabilizer film mounted on a foil to make a uniformly patterned and porous nanofibrous membrane sheets, which enhance both cell growth and attachment.

Abstract: This invention describes a modified electrospinning method for making uniformly patterned and porous nanofibrous scaffolds that can be utilized in a variety of applications. While traditional electrospinning method uses a foil collector that generates compact layers of nanofibrous structures, resulting on the superficial cell growth and differentiation, the present method comprises adopting additional patterned film(s) on top of the conventional collector to make a patterned porous structure of nanofibrous scaffolds that are capable of supporting cell growth. For example, the method uses a double layered collector composed of a water soluble stabilizer film mounted on a foil to make a uniformly patterned and porous nanofibrous membrane sheets, which enhance both cell growth and attachment.

Abstract: This invention describes a modified electrospinning method for making uniformly patterned and porous nanofibrous scaffolds that can be utilized in a variety of applications. While traditional electrospinning method uses a foil collector that generates compact layers of nanofibrous structures, resulting on the superficial cell growth and differentiation, the present method comprises adopting additional patterned film(s) on top of the conventional collector to make a patterned porous structure of nanofibrous scaffolds that are capable of supporting cell growth. For example, the method uses a double layered collector composed of a water soluble stabilizer film mounted on a foil to make a uniformly patterned and porous nanofibrous membrane sheets, which enhance both cell growth and attachment.

Abstract: Biocompatible nanomatrices composed of peptide amphiphiles are provided for the embedding of cell populations for their implantation into a recipient animal or human. To confine the nanomatrix to a site of implantation, the nanomatrix can be encapsulated in a nanofiber sack formed from an electrospun nanofiber sheet. The nanofiber sheets are porous and have surface indentations that promote the vascularization of the implant, thereby maintain the viability and biofunctions of the cells, as wells as delivering cell-product products to the circulatory system to the benefit of the recipient subject. The implants may further include cell growth factors that can be beneficial to the survival of the cells as to promote angiogenesis and infiltration of the implant by new blood vessels.

Abstract: A semiconductor device that performs stable circuit operations is provided. The device includes: a pull-up driver for pulling up a first node in response to first states of input and control signals; a pull-down driver for pulling down a second node in response to a second state of the input signal; at least one fuse connected between the first node and the second node; a latch for generating an output signal to maintain the state of the second node; and a controller for generating the control signal that is maintained in a first state when the input signal is in the second state, and maintained in the first state and then transitioned to the second state after a predetermined delay time when the input signal is transitioned to the first state. In this construction, even if the fuse is incompletely cut during a process of cutting the fuse, the pull-up driver or the pull-down driver is turned off, thus preventing unnecessary current flow in advance.