Abstract: This invention relates to a high brightness and high contrast ratio reflective cholesteric displays employing circular polarizers. The front circular polarizer has a predetermined polarity that is opposite both to the Bragg reflection of the display and to the back reflective circular polarizer. An absorptive weak polarizer with high transmittance is adopted in the display system. In the black-and-white display mode, the white state is achieved in the cholesteric focal conic texture area; and the black state is obtained in the cholesteric planar texture area. In the full color mode, the full color state is created by the micro-color filter in the cholesteric focal conic texture area; and the black state is realized in the cholesteric planar texture area.

Abstract: Improved composite armor designs use optimally shaped ceramic pellets and a web system for patterning the pellets, improving manufacturability, and providing additional structural reinforcement. The result is lightweight, composite hybrid structures for ballistic protection particularly suited to tactical ground vehicles. The preferred embodiment is a combination of three major components: 1) an optimally designed web system that allows armor tiles to be attached to it and that can be easily integrated with existing vehicle structures; 2) an advanced composite armor unit using a patent-pending BTR (Bio-mimetic Tendon-Reinforced) material as the supporting structure; and 3) optimally placed “waiting materials” which can provide enhanced ballistic impact resistance, energy absorption capability and structural integrity. These “waiting materials” are structural members that are not active at the beginning of the ballistic impact, but become active when needed or the active members have failed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a circular polarizer, more specifically, to a diffusively reflective circular polarizer (DRCP), which is characterized by broadband reflection and transmission over a hemispheric viewing angle. A thermo phase separation process of a cholesteric liquid crystal polymer system creates the DRCP film. As a multi-functional optical material, the DRCP film combines the merits of polarizer, reflector and diffuser to form an all-in-one component in the electro-optical industry. Moreover, since the novel film has a “silver white” appearance and super “hiding power”, it will initiate many other applications.

Abstract: Biomimetic tendon-reinforced” (BTR) composite structures feature improved properties including a very high strength-to-weight ratio. The basic structure includes plurality of parallel, spaced-apart stuffer members, each with an upper end and a lower end, and a plurality of fiber elements, each having one point connected to the upper end of a stuffer member and another point connected to the lower end of a stuffer member such that the elements form criss-crossing joints between the stuffer members. The stuffer members and fiber elements may optionally be embedded in a matrix material such as an epoxy resin. The fiber elements are preferably carbon fibers, though other materials, including natural or synthetic fibers or metal wires may be used. The stuffer members may be rods, tubes, or spheres, and may be constructed of metal, ceramic or plastic. The stuffer members are preferably spaced apart at equal distances. If the members are tubes, the fiber elements may be dressed through the tubes.

Abstract: Zirconium-rich bulk metallic glass alloys include quinary alloys containing zirconium, aluminum, titanium, copper and nickel. The bulk metallic glass alloys may be provided as completely amorphous pieces having cross-sectional diameters of at least about 5 mm or even greater.

Abstract: A pixelized driving means for cholesteric liquid crystal display comprises driving waveforms and related circuitry employing one voltage level. The first pulse with a voltage level and sufficient pulse duration can erase a single pixel to the planar texture; while the second pulse with the same voltage level but relatively short pulse duration will be able to address a single pixel to the focal conic texture. Though the pulse-height and the pulse-width are fixed as required, the number of the pulses can be digitally controlled. Thus, the driving means generates a unique solution for selectively activating an element of the display into a designated optical state without any visual impact on the rest elements.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display, especially, to a video speed STN display with high contrast ratio. The display provides not only a flicker-free video speed with 30 frames per second, but also a high display quality, such as full color gamut, high contrast ratio and high brightness and so on. The video speed display is realized by the optimization of the display cell structure, the liquid crystal formulation and the driving circuitry.

Abstract: The present invention relates to cholesteric displays, and more specifically, to reflective cholesteric displays employing linear polarizer(s). Two display modes have been accomplished and both of them take on black-and-white appearances. The addition of the weak linear polarizer has greatly increased the brightness of the white color while maintaining the black darkness.

Abstract: This invention relates to reflective cholesteric displays without using Bragg reflection. The helical pitch of the cholesteric liquid crystals may or may not be tuned in a visible wavelength, but its Bragg reflection will never be displayed. An elliptical polarizer with properly designed retardation and lamination positioned at the front of the display will be able to eliminate the Bragg reflection over a large viewing cone. The function of the display cell structure is merely a light shutter to switch the incident light ON and OFF. In the black-and-white display mode, the white state is achieved from the metal reflection in the cholesteric planar texture area; and the black state is obtained by cholesteric's depolarization effect and polarizer's filtration effect in the cholesteric focal conic texture area.

Abstract: The present invention relates to cholesteric displays, more specifically, to reflective cholesteric displays employing a backside circular polarizer. In the paper white mode, the bright white state is achieved in display's focal conic texture area; and the dark color state is obtained in display's planar texture area. In the full color mode, meanwhile, the full color state is created in the focal conic texture area; and the dark color state is achieved in the cholesteric focal conic texture area. Either the absorptive circular polarizer or the reflective broadband circular polarizer can be used as the backside polarizer. A bright neutral white color with 50% front light reflection has been accomplished in the novel display.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a circular polarizer, more specifically, to a diffusively reflective circular polarizer (DRCP), which is characterized by broadband reflection and transmission over a hemispheric viewing angle. A thermo phase separation process of a cholesteric liquid crystal polymer system creates the DRCP film. As a multi-functional optical material, the DRCP film combines the merits of polarizer, reflector and diffuser to form an all-in-one component in the electro-optical industry. Moreover, since the novel film has a “silver white” appearance and super “hiding power”, it will initiate many other applications.

Abstract: This invention relates to paper white cholesteric displays employing a reflective elliptical polarizer. In the reflective mode, the paper white ON state is achieved by a reflective elliptical polarizer in display's planar texture area; and the black OFF state is obtained by cholesteric's depolarization effect and polarizer's filtration effect in display's focal conic texture area. In the transmissive mode, on the other hand, the paper white ON state is created by a back lighting projected onto the focal conic texture area; and the black OFF state is realized in the cholesteric planar texture area. The reflective elliptical polarizer with a broadband reflection and high polarization efficiency delivers a bright neutral white color to both the reflective and transmissive mode cholesteric displays. The reflective elliptical polarizer also provides a solution to the transflective display where the high efficiency front-lit mode and the back-lit mode can be converted automatically.

Abstract: This invention relates to reflective cholesteric displays without using Bragg reflection. The helical pitch of the cholesteric liquid crystals may or may not be tuned in a visible wavelength, but its Bragg reflection will never be displayed. An elliptical polarizer with properly designed retardation and lamination positioned at the front of the display will be able to eliminate the Bragg reflection over a large viewing cone. The function of the display cell structure is merely a light shutter to switch the incident light ON and OFF. In the black-and-white display mode, the white state is achieved from the metal reflection in the cholesteric planar texture area; and the black state is obtained by cholesteric's depolarization effect and polarizer's filtration effect in the cholesteric focal conic texture area.

Abstract: This invention relates to paper white cholesteric displays employing a reflective elliptical polarizer. In the reflective mode, the paper white ON state is achieved by a reflective elliptical polarizer in display's planar texture area; and the black OFF state is obtained by cholesteric's depolarization effect and polarizer's filtration effect in display's focal conic texture area. In the transmissive mode, on the other hand, the paper white ON state is created by a back lighting projected onto the focal conic texture area; and the black OFF state is realized in the cholesteric planar texture area. The reflective elliptical polarizer with a broadband reflection and high polarization efficiency delivers a bright neutral white color to both the reflective and transmissive mode cholesteric displays. The reflective elliptical polarizer also provides a solution to the transflective display where the high efficiency front-lit mode and the back-lit mode can be converted automatically.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of these cyclophilins, hereinafter referred to as ‘tyrosine-containing’ cyclophilins, in a method for identifying compounds capable of binding to and/or inhibiting the enzymatic activity of these proteins. Such compounds may be further screened for their ability to inhibit parasites which are not susceptible to the anti-parasitic effects of CsA.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display, more specifically, relates to a full color cholesteric display employing circularly polarized micro-color filter which is composed of polymeric cholesteric thin film. The display has a long time memory and excellent characteristics of brightness and contrast. A built-in cholesteric color filter structure provides a full color gamut of circular polarization. A cholesteric liquid crystal cell structure, as a circular polarization modulator, provides optical ON and OFF states respectively with its one texture as a circular polarizer and the other texture as a depolarizer. Both of those two textures are electric field controllable.

Abstract: The present invention relates to cholesteric liquid crystal display, especially, to a passive motion video cholesteric liquid crystal display. The display provides not only a video speed with full color moving picture when supplying electric field, but also a video-rate response, long-term memory and high-resolution image in the absence of electric field. The field-induced nematic texture has been denoted as an optical state and cholesteric focal conic texture as another optical state during the video rate display mode. And the cholesteric planar texture has been denoted as an optical state and cholesteric focal conic texture as another during the storage-type display mode. The video rate addressing is accomplished by a narrow pulse scanning at a seed of 30-60 microseconds per row. The novel display mode and driving means deliver a passive display with a property that the display not only looks like a TV or a computer monitor dynamically but also like a permanent picture or prints statically.

Abstract: A method for forming a contact insert subassembly (34) for a modular jack connector (200), includes the following steps: stamping a contact strip (10) to form a group of contacts (20) which are interconnected by an end carrier (11) and a middle carrier (13), the middle carrier dividing the contacts into first and second portions (21, 22); bending the first portion into a soldering tail portion for the contacts; subjecting the contact strip to an insert molding to form an insulative block (30) around the middle carrier (13); cutting the end carrier and the middle carrier from the contacts; and bending the second portion to form a contacting portion for the contacts.

Abstract: A localized driving means for cholesteric liquid crystal display comprises a high erasing pulse; a low addressing pulse and a series bias voltage pulses with its amplitude not less than a threshold voltage from planar to focal conic structure. The erasing pulse and the addressing pulse, superimposed to the bias pulses, are applied to a predetermined location at the same time, whereby the unstable planar state and the unstable focal conic state are displayed simultaneously in at least a partial area of the display during the addressing; whereby an stable planar state and an stable focal conic state are displayed simultaneously in at least a partial area of the display by the end of the addressing process.

Abstract: A low power consumption and fast speed driving means for cholesteric liquid crystal displays (ChLCDs). The novelty of the driving means is based upon the dynamic relaxation process of ChLCD from field induced nematic phase to the stable cholesteric phases, during which both the planar state or focal conic state can be formed simultaneously and the information can also be erased and addressed simultaneously. The driving means only consists of one erasing pulse that is higher than the phase change voltage and one addressing pulse that is lower than the phase change voltage.