Abstract: A low power consumption and fast speed driving means for cholesteric liquid crystal displays (ChLCDs). The novelty of the driving means is based upon the dynamic relaxation process of ChLCD from field induced nematic phase to the stable cholesteric phases, during which both the planar state or focal conic state can be formed simultaneously and the information can also be erased and addressed simultaneously. The driving means only consists of one erasing pulse that is higher than the phase change voltage and one addressing pulse that is lower than the phase change voltage.

Abstract: A method for forming a contact insert subassembly (34) for a modular jack connector (200), includes the following steps:

Abstract: This invention is related to a full spectrum reflective or tranmissive black-and-white cholesteric liquid crystal display. The white state is realized by a full gamut of light reflection or transmission in the display's planar texture, and the black state is created by cholesterics' scattering type depolarization effect and polarizer's filtration effect in the display's focal conic texture. It has been discovered that the scattering depolarization effect and multi-filtration process can generate a black dark state, the optical “off” state in focal conic texture of cholesteric liquid crystals. In the dark-and-white cholesterics display can be easily upgraded to a full color display by means of micro-color filter structure in both front and back illuminating systems.

Abstract: A substrate for a multi-color liquid crystal display (LCD), an LCD having the substrate, and methods of manufacturing the substrate and the LCD. In one embodiment, the substrate includes: (1) a substantially planar base and (2) a cell wall structure, located on a surface of the base, that defines at least first and second sets of independent cells having corresponding independent fluid fill ports when the cell wall structure is bonded to an opposing substrate.

Abstract: An audio jack electrical connector comprises a body retaining a plurality of signal terminals and a spacer defining a plurality of receiving holes for retaining connection contacts. The signal terminals extend beyond a bottom surface of the body for engaging with the corresponding connection contacts of the spacer. A tubular receptacle is defined through the body, and a projection portion of the receptacle is formed on a front surface of the body for engaging with a plug for audio signal transmission. A pair of locking elements is formed on lateral edges of the body. Each locking element comprises a locking arm and a locking tip. A pair of locking portions is formed on lateral faces of the spacer. Each locking portion comprises a recess and a locking block. In assembly, the locking arm is received in the corresponding recess and the locking tip engages the locking block. Thus, the body is securely assembled to the spacer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of these cyclophilins, hereinafter referred to as `tyrosine-containing` cyclophilins, in a method for identifying compounds capable of binding to and/or inhibiting the enzymatic activity of these proteins. Such compounds may be further screened for their ability to inhibit parasites which are not susceptible to the anti-parasitic effects of CsA.

Abstract: A stereographic liquid crystal display (LCD) and various methods of manufacturing and operating such stereographic LCD. In one embodiment, the LCD includes: (1) first and second substrates having a cell wall structure located in an interstice therebetween that defines first and second sets of independent cells in the LCD; (2) a first controllable liquid crystal (CLC) material located in the first plurality of independent cells, the first CLC material selectively exhibiting an "on" state and an "off" state and having a first polarity when in the "on" state; and (3) a second CLC material located in the second plurality of independent cells, the second CLC material selectively exhibiting an "on" state and an "off" state and having a second polarity when in the "on" state.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing a liquid crystal display ("LCD"); specifically, a multi-color LCD, e.g., a red-green-blue ("RGB") LCD. The methods include the steps of: (1) depositing a twist agent on a first substrate, the twist agent becoming an in situ twist agent, (2) bringing a second substrate into proximity with the first substrate to form at least one interstitial region between the second and first substrates, (3) introducing liquid crystal ("LC") having an initial pitch into the at least one interstitial region proximate the in situ twist agent and (4) stimulating the LC and the in situ twist agent to cause the LC and the in situ twist agent to mix in situ, the in situ twist agent changing the initial pitch of the LC.

Abstract: A light modulating apparatus containing cholesteric liquid crystals capable of indefinite zero field retention of optical images, including full color and complete gray scale capability, is described. This invention is predicated on establishment of zero field multistable liquid crystal domains representing a continuous distribution of states ranging from the highly reflective planar to the light-scattering focal-conic structures. The zero field multistable domain structure stability is achieved by controlling solid surface-liquid crystal boundary interactions to provide essential equalization of the total system energy of each of the domain structures. This is the first time this equalization, and thus zero field multistability, has been achieved without the use of a polymer gel addition to create rigid polydomains in the liquid crystal mix.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing a liquid crystal display ("LCD"); specifically, a multi-color LCD, e.g., a red-green-blue ("RGB") LCD. The methods include the steps of: (1) depositing a twist agent on a first substrate, the twist agent becoming an in situ twist agent, (2) bringing a second substrate into proximity with the first substrate to form at least one interstitial region between the second and first substrates, (3) introducing liquid crystal ("LC") having an initial pitch into the at least one interstitial region proximate the in situ twist agent and (4) stimulating the LC and the in situ twist agent to cause the LC and the in situ twist agent to mix in situ, the in situ twist agent changing the initial pitch of the LC.

Abstract: A cholesteric liquid crystal display ("LCD") and methods of operating and manufacturing the LCD. The LCD includes: (1) a controllable cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) located between first and second substrates, the controllable CLC selectively exhibiting an "on" state and an "off" state and having a circular polarity of a predetermined handedness when the controllable CLC is in the "on" state and (2) a circular polarizer, located proximate the first substrate and having a circular polarity of a particular handedness, that cooperates with the controllable CLC to increase the difference between the relative brightness of the "on" state and the "off" state, whereby a contrast ratio of the cholesteric LCD is increased.

Abstract: Surfactant-containing multistable cholesteric liquid crystal displays exhibit ultra fast response times with both video speed and gray scale capability.

Abstract: A light modulating apparatus containing cholesteric liquid crystals capable of indefinite zero field retention of optical images, including full color and complete gray scale capability, is described. This invention is predicated on establishment of zero field multistable liquid crystal domains representing a continuous distribution of states ranging from the highly reflective planar to the light-scattering focal-conic structures. The zero field multistable domain structure stability is achieved by controlling solid surface-liquid crystal boundary interactions to provide essential equalization of the total system energy of each of the domain structures. This is the first time this equalization, and thus zero field multistability, has been achieved without the use of a polymer gel addition to create rigid polydomains in the liquid crystal mix.

Abstract: A reverse mode liquid crystal light shutter and display device is field-off transparent and field-on non-transparent (i.e., scattering and/or absorbing). The reverse phase mode is obtained by modification of the surface energy of the polymer which encases liquid crystal droplets via reaction of a surfactant, incorporated inside of the LC droplets during droplet formation, within the inside polymer layer. The reverse phase transparent "off" state is achieved by refractive index matching of the average refractive index (.about.n.sub.o) of the LC droplets at electric field off state with the refractive index of the containing polymer materials and by obtaining appropriate droplet size and shape and polymer surface energy to cause the major axis of the liquid crystal molecule to be oriented perpendicular to the substrate surface. The inner surface layer aligns the liquid crystal molecules in an homeotropic manner in a resultant composite multi-layer microcapsulate with a homogeneous material for the capsule skin.