Abstract: An operation method of an end node including a physical (PHY) layer unit and a controller unit in a vehicle network includes: detecting, by the controller unit, a local event; in response to detecting the local event, transitioning an operation state of the controller unit from an OFF state to an ON state; transmitting, by the controller unit, to the PHY layer unit an indicator requesting to transmit a wake-up signal in accordance with the local event; and transmitting, by the PHY layer unit, the wake-up signal including an identifier of at least one end node required to be woken up by the local event.

Abstract: An operation method of a communication node in a vehicle network may include detecting a wake-up event; generating a wake-up signal including an identifier indicating a wake-up reason corresponding to the wake-up event based on a wake-up table, the wake-up table configured for storing the wake-up reason corresponding to the wake-up event, a target communication node configured to be woken up by the wake-up reason, and an operation power configured to be supplied to the target communication node; and transmitting the wake-up signal.

Abstract: An operation method of a first communication node comprises: receiving a first frame from a second communication node; obtaining a destination address of the first frame; and transmitting a second frame including an indicator for indicating an occurrence of an error in the first frame to a communication node corresponding to a source address of the first frame, when a port corresponding to the destination address does not exist in a routing table.

Abstract: An operation method of a first communication node in a vehicle network, which includes a power sourcing equipment (PSE) for supplying power to a second communication node and a powered device (PD) for obtaining power from the second communication node, includes: operating the first communication node in a first mode based on the PSE that is activated and the PD that is inactivated; receiving a first signal requesting power supply from the second communication node; and supplying power to the second communication node in response to the first signal.

Abstract: An operation method of a switch in a vehicle network may include: transmitting a first signal to a first end node through a first path connecting the switch and the first end node; detecting a failure in the first path; configuring a second path connecting the switch and the first end node; receiving a second signal from a second end node; determining whether a destination of the second signal is the first end node; and in response to determining that the destination of the second signal is the first end node, transmitting the second signal through the second path.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hybrid supported metallocene catalyst including at least first metallocene compound, at least one second metallocene compound, at least one cocatalyst compound, and a carrier, a preparation method therefor, and a polyolefin resin polymerized in the presence of the catalyst, wherein the second metallocene compound is a compound of a bridged structure having a ligand of an asymmetric structure, and the polyolefin resin has a density of 0.910 g/cm3 to 0.960 g/cm3, a molecular weight density in a unimodal distribution of 3 to 5, a melt index of 0.05 to 100 at 2.16 kg, and a melt flow rate of 20 to 40.

Abstract: An operation method of a first communication node supporting communications between an Ethernet-based network and a controller area network (CAN) includes: receiving an Ethernet message from a second communication node belonging to the Ethernet-based network; performing an integrity verification on first automotive safety integrity level (ASIL) authentication information included in the Ethernet message; generating a CAN message based on the Ethernet message for which the integrity verification has been completed; and transmitting the CAN message to a third communication node belonging to the CAN.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel Group 4 transition metal compound, a method for preparing the compound, a catalyst composition comprising the compound, and a method for preparing a polyolefin comprising performing a polymerization reaction of olefin monomers, in the presence of the catalyst composition. Since the Group 4 transition metal compound of the present invention exhibits an excellent catalytic activity in polyolefin synthesis reactions, as well as having excellent thermal stability, it can be used for polyolefin synthesis reactions at high temperatures, and by changing the type of a central metal and ligand, the weight average molecular weight of synthesized polyolefins and the octene content in the polymer can be controlled. Therefore, it can be effectively used in polyolefin synthesis processes in which grades are controlled.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel Group 4 transition metal compound, a method for preparing the compound, a catalyst composition comprising the compound, and a method for preparing a polyolefin comprising performing a polymerization reaction of olefin monomers, in the presence of the catalyst composition. Since the Group 4 transition metal compound of the present invention exhibits an excellent catalytic activity in polyolefin synthesis reactions, as well as having excellent thermal stability, it can be used for polyolefin synthesis reactions at high temperatures, and by changing the type of a central metal and ligand, the weight average molecular weight of synthesized polyolefins and the octene content in the polymer can be controlled. Therefore, it can be effectively used in polyolefin synthesis processes in which grades are controlled.

Abstract: Disclosed are link status diagnostic methods for a vehicle network. A link status diagnostic method performed in a communication node includes: identifying a type of a fault occurring in a link connected to the communication node; generating a signal including a link fault type indicator indicating the type of the fault; and transmitting the signal. Also, the signal is generated and transmitted according to an auto negotiation protocol. Therefore, stability and reliability of the vehicle network can be enhanced, thereby improving overall performance of the vehicle network.

Abstract: An operation method of a communication node in an Ethernet-based vehicle network, the communication node including a regulator, a physical (PHY) layer unit, and a processor, includes outputting, by the processor, a first signal to initiate a supply of power to the communication node; outputting, by the processor, a second signal to initiate a transition of the communication node from a normal mode to a sleep mode; and transitioning, by the PHY layer unit, the communication node from the normal mode to the sleep mode when the second signal is received at the PHY layer unit from the processor.

Abstract: A method of configuring an in-vehicle network includes: receiving a first wake-up signal from a first controller among a plurality of controllers in a sleep mode by an Ethernet switch; activating the Ethernet switch according to the wake-up signal; determining a routing port according to a destination address of the Ethernet data received from the first controller; and transmitting a second wake-up signal of a second controller among the plurality of controllers through a physical-layer processing device included in the Ethernet switch corresponding to the determined routing port.

Abstract: A high-density ethylene-based polymer is provided. The high-density ethylene-based polymer contains an ethylene homopolymer or a copolymer of ethylene and at least one comonomer selected from the group consisting of an ?-olefin, a cyclic olefin, and a straight, branched and cyclic diene. The high-density polyethylene resin has a wide molecular weight distribution and excellent comonomer distribution characteristics, has excellent melt flowability due to a long chain branched structure, and has excellent mechanical characteristics since the comonomer distribution is concentrated in a high-molecular-weight body. The high-density ethylene polymer has excellent molding processability during processing such as extrusion, compression, injection and rotational molding by having excellent mechanical characteristics and melt flowability.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high-density ethylene-based polymer comprising an ethylene homopolymer or a copolymer of ethylene and at least one comonomer selected from the group consisting of an ?-olefin, a cyclic olefin, and a straight, branched and cyclic diene. According to the present invention, the high-density polyethylene resin has a wide molecular weight distribution and excellent comonomer distribution characteristics, has excellent melt flowability due to a long chain branched structure, and has excellent mechanical characteristics since the comonomer distribution is concentrated in a high-molecular-weight body. The high-density ethylene polymer of the present invention has excellent molding processability during processing such as extrusion, compression, injection and rotational molding by having excellent mechanical characteristics and melt flowability.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high-density ethylene-based polymer comprising: an ethylene homopolymer; or a copolymer of ethylene and at least one comonomer selected from the group consisting of ?-olefins, cyclic olefins and linear, branched and cyclic dienes. According to the present invention, the high-density ethylene-based polymer has a wide molecular weight distribution and excellent comonomer distribution characteristics, has excellent melt flowability due to a long chain branched structure, and has excellent mechanical characteristics since the comonomer distribution is concentrated in a high-molecular-weight body. The high-density ethylene polymer of the present invention has excellent molding processability during processing such as extrusion, compression, injection and rotational molding by having excellent mechanical characteristics and melt flowability.

Abstract: An apparatus, for performing a diagnostic operation on plural controllers which are coupled via different types of in-vehicle communication networks, may include at least one of a message generator, configured to generate a diagnostic message used for the diagnostic operation on the plural controller, and a message receiver, configured to recognize the diagnostic message, wherein the diagnostic message that may be communicated over the in-vehicle communication networks includes a header and a payload, and wherein the payload is determined to correspond to a length of communication data for a controller area network (CAN).

Abstract: An operation method of communication node in a vehicle network is provided. The operation method includes transitioning from a sleep mode to an active mode and generating a first message that includes a first information indicating at least one communication node to be operated in the active mode. In addition, the method includes transmitting the first message to a second communication node to thus enhance performance of a vehicle network.

Abstract: An error recovery method performed in an end node of an Ethernet-based vehicle network includes: detecting, by a physical (PHY) layer processor of a PHY layer of the end node, a physical error of a message, when the message is received at the PHY layer of the end node; detecting, by a controller processor of a controller included in the end node, a logical error of the message; and classifying, by the controller processor, types of the physical error and the logical error.

Abstract: A diagnostic method performed by a first communication node among a plurality of communication nodes in a vehicle network may include generating a diagnostic initiation message indicating that a first diagnostic procedure by an external diagnostic apparatus is to be performed upon detecting that the external diagnostic apparatus is connected to the first communication node; transmitting the diagnostic initiation message in a broadcast manner in the vehicle network; receiving a negative response message as a response to the diagnostic initiation message from a second communication node among the plurality of communication nodes, the negative response message indicating the second communication node operating as an internal diagnostic apparatus; and performing the first diagnostic procedure after a time indicated by the negative response message.

Abstract: An in-vehicle communication method enables efficient data management by reducing a controller area network (CAN) message volume without changing a hardware component, in which the communication method is capable of changing data included in the CAN message. To carry out the communication method, a vehicle includes: a storage unit; a communication unit that receives first information including an identifier at an initial time point and second information including the identifier at a time after the initial time point; and a controller that stores the first information in the storage unit and a data field of the second information different from a data field of the first information by comparing the data field of the first information with the data field of the second information.