Abstract: The present disclosure provides an apparatus and a method for manufacturing a continuous reactor type core-shell catalyst electrode, which may manufacture a large amount of continuous reactor type core-shell catalyst electrodes by improving coating efficiency of shell metal by using reaction chambers disposed in a circular shape or in a line.

Abstract: Disclosed are a polymer ion exchange membrane having a self-hydration capability at a high temperature under low humidity, a method of preparing the polymer ion exchange membrane, and a polymer electrolyte fuel cell system including the polymer ion exchange membrane. The polymer electrolyte membrane includes a hydrocarbon-based proton conductive polymercoating layer, and has a nano-crack on the hydrophobic surface and thus may secure ion conductivity and self-hydration capability under low humidity and remarkably improve electrochemical performance of an electrolyte.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fuel cell filter including a body including therein an internal space in which a fluid flows, an inlet port provided in the body and configured to receive a fluid discharged from a fuel cell stack, a gas-water separating membrane disposed in the internal space and configured to block a liquid fluid included in a fluid absorbed in the inlet port from flowing upwards, a discharge port provided in the body and configured to externally discharge the liquid fluid blocked in the gas-water separating membrane, a water absorbent disposed in the internal space and configured to absorb water included in a gaseous fluid passing through the gas-water separating membrane, and a gas outlet port provided in the body and configured to externally discharge gas separated in the gas-water separating membrane.

Abstract: An interposer includes: a circuit board stack in which circuit boards are stacked; and an outer board arranged on at least one of outer side surfaces of the circuit board stack. The circuit boards are arranged include first conductive lines having first ends exposed through a first side portion of the circuit boards and second ends exposed through a second side portion opposite the first side portion of the circuit boards. The outer board includes second conductive lines having first ends exposed through a different side from the first side portion of the circuit boards and second ends exposed through a side portion located on a same side as the second side portion of the circuit boards.

Abstract: The method of bonding an interposer and an integrated circuit chip includes preparing an interposer including an insulator and conductive lines each having one end exposed to a first surface of the insulator and another end exposed to a second surface opposite to the first surface; placing a bonding mask on the interposer; forming through-holes on the bonding mask before or after the placing of the bonding mask on the interposer; filling the plurality with a conductive material; and bonding an integrated circuit chip to the bonding mask.

Abstract: A block copolymer, an ion-exchange membrane including the block copolymer and a method of preparing the block copolymer are provided. The block copolymer may include a hydrophobic repeating unit and a hydrophilic repeating unit.

Abstract: A transfer apparatus includes a guide rails extending parallel with each other, a vehicle configured to be movable along the guide rails, and a contactless driving module mounted to the vehicle. The contactless driving module includes a pair of running rails extending parallel with the guide rails and comprising a plurality of first permanent magnets and a plurality of second permanent magnets arranged in a extending direction, respectively, a driving wheel disposed between the running rails to be spaced apart from the running rails and comprising a plurality of third permanent magnets arranged in a circumferential direction, and a driving unit for rotating the driving wheel. Particularly, at least one of the third permanent magnets is disposed between the first permanent magnets and the second permanent magnets.

Abstract: The present invention provides sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide sulfone nitrile) and a polymer electrolyte membrane thereof. In particular, the present invention provides sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide sulfone nitrile) having a triple bond at its both ends and a polymer electrolyte membrane with superior mechanical properties prepared by heating sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide sulfone nitrile) and forming cross-links between ends of sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide sulfone nitrile).

Abstract: Disclosed are a polymer ion exchange membrane having a self-hydration capability at a high temperature under low humidity, a method of preparing the polymer ion exchange membrane, and a polymer electrolyte fuel cell system including the polymer ion exchange membrane. The polymer electrolyte membrane includes a hydrocarbon-based proton conductive polymercoating layer, and has a nano-crack on the hydrophobic surface and thus may secure ion conductivity and self-hydration capability under low humidity and remarkably improve electrochemical performance of an electrolyte.

Abstract: The present invention provides sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide sulfone nitrile) and a polymer electrolyte membrane thereof. In particular, the present invention provides sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide sulfone nitrile) having a triple bond at its both ends and a polymer electrolyte membrane with superior mechanical properties prepared by heating sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide sulfone nitrile) and forming cross-links between ends of sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide sulfone nitrile).

Abstract: A capacitor and a method of forming a capacitor including forming a first conductive layer, a dielectric film, a second conductive layer, and a hard mask on and/or over a substrate, forming a hard mask pattern and an upper electrode each having a sloped sidewall by etching the hard mask and the first conductive layer, forming a spacer on and/or over the sidewall of each of the hard mask pattern and the upper electrode, and forming a lower electrode by etching the dielectric film and the second conductive layer.

Abstract: Provided is a method of driving a display panel having a charge trap device and an organic light emitting diode (OLED). The charge trap device includes a nanocrystal layer. The nanocrystal layer includes nanocrystals, which are crystallized and dispersed, and a barrier layer, which buries the nanocrystals. When a program voltage is applied, charges are trapped in the nanocrystals, and the OLED emits light at a predetermined luminance with the application of a read voltage. Data signals are sequentially applied to all pixels of the display panel to express desired grayscales. The pixels of the display panel receive the read voltage and emit light at the same time.

Abstract: Provided are a luminescent device and a method of manufacturing the same. The luminescent device includes a charge trapping layer having bistable conductance and negative differential resistance (NDR) characteristics, and an organic luminescent layer electrically connected to the charge trapping layer. The charge trapping layer comprise a nanocrystal layer intervened in an organic layer, and the nanocrystal layer comprises a plurality of nanocrystals.

Abstract: Provided is a method of driving a display panel having a charge trap device and an organic light emitting diode (OLED). The charge trap device includes a nanocrystal layer. The nanocrystal layer includes nanocrystals, which are crystallized and dispersed, and a barrier layer, which buries the nanocrystals. When a program voltage is applied, charges are trapped in the nanocrystals, and the OLED emits light at a predetermined luminance with the application of a read voltage. Data signals are sequentially applied to all pixels of the display panel to express desired grayscales. The pixels of the display panel receive the read voltage and emit light at the same time.

Abstract: Provided are a luminescent device and a method of manufacturing the same. The luminescent device includes a charge trapping layer having bistable conductance and negative differential resistance (NDR) characteristics, and an organic luminescent layer electrically connected to the charge trapping layer.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a semiconductor memory device and a structure that forms both a resistor and an etching protection layer to reduce a contact resistance. The method of fabricating a semiconductor memory device according to the invention includes forming an insulation layer on a semiconductor substrate having a cell array region, a core region, and a peripheral region, each having at least one transistor formed therein, and forming both a first landing pad in the core region on the insulation layer and a second landing pad in the peripheral region, the first landing pad being overlapped with a part of a first conductive line. The invention reduces the contact resistance and prevents or minimizes a device failure caused by a misalignment, with the simplified process.

Abstract: A polynomial predistortion apparatus and method for compensating for a nonlinear distortion characteristic of a power amplifier is provided. The apparatus and method comprise an adaptation controller for determining polynomial coefficients by calculating an inverse nonlinear distortion characteristic of the power amplifier, and calculating complex predistortion gains for all possible amplitudes of an input signal using the determined polynomial coefficients; and a predistorter for receiving an input signal which is a combination of complex-modulated previous baseband input signal samples and current input signal samples, predistorting the input signal using the complex predistortion gains output from the adaptation controller, and outputting the predistorted input signal to the power amplifier.

Abstract: For fabricating lean-free stacked capacitors, openings are formed through layers of materials including a layer of support material displaced from a bottom of the openings. A respective first electrode is formed for a respective capacitor within each of the openings. The layer of support material is patterned to form support structures around the first electrodes. Masking spacers are formed around exposed top portions of the first electrodes, and exposed portions of the support material are etched away to form the support structures. Such stacked capacitors are applied within a DRAM (dynamic random access memory).

Abstract: For fabricating lean-free stacked capacitors, openings are formed through layers of materials including a layer of support material displaced from a bottom of the openings. A respective first electrode is formed for a respective capacitor within each of the openings. The layer of support material is patterned to form support structures around the first electrodes. Masking spacers are formed around exposed top portions of the first electrodes, and exposed portions of the support material are etched away to form the support structures. Such stacked capacitors are applied within a DRAM (dynamic random access memory).

Abstract: A horse racing game apparatus is disclosed, in which a user can easily check a racing information, a statistic information, etc. related with a horse racing and can enjoy a horse racing game in a 3D like an actual horse racing at a horse racing track. The users can play the horse racing game on a large size screen in a 3D like an actual horse racing track, so that high quality services can be provided to the users as compared to the conventional horse racing game apparatus. Various demands of the users which play the horse racing game can be satisfied. As a result, the service company and the development company of the horse racing game can achieve high profits.