Abstract: In a first stage of a methane conversion system, at least some methane (CH4) in an input gas flow stream can be converted into C2 hydrocarbons, hydrogen gas (H2), and aromatics to provide a first processed stream. The conversion can be direct non-oxidative methane conversion (DNMC). At least some of the aromatics can be removed from the first processed stream to provide a second processed stream. In a second stage of the methane conversion system, at least some of the H2 can be removed from the second processed stream to provide a recycle stream. The recycle stream can be returned to the first stage of the methane conversion system for further conversion of methane and removal of aromatics and H2 products.

Abstract: The present application provides a rocket apparatus and a method for changing an electrical environment in a thunderstorm cloud. A corona probe and an atmospheric electric field detector analyzes and obtains, based on spin angular velocity information of a rocket and inclination attitude information of the rocket that are provided by a gravity gyroscope, accurate strength of a three-dimensional electric field and accurate polarity of a charge in the thunderstorm cloud. A charge-neutralizing agent module externally releases a charged agent whose polarity is opposite to the charge in the thunderstorm cloud, to consume the charge in the thunderstorm cloud via neutralization between a heterocharge carried by the charged agent and the charge in the thunderstorm cloud.

Abstract: A three-way catalyst article, and its use in an exhaust system for internal combustion engines, is disclosed. The catalyst article for treating exhaust gas comprising: a substrate comprising an inlet end and an outlet end with an axial length L; a first catalytic region comprising a first platinum group metal (PGM) component, wherein the first PGM component comprises Rh and Pt; a second catalytic region comprising a second PGM component, wherein the second PGM component comprises Pd; and wherein the first PGM component has a Pt to Rh ratio of at least 1:20.

Abstract: A reactant comprising one or more polymers can be subjected to multiple consecutive processing cycles. Each processing cycle can have a first period with heating applied and a second period immediately following the first period with no heating applied. A duration of each processing cycle can be less than or equal to 10 seconds, and a duration of each first period can be less than 1 second. The subjecting can be effective to convert at least some of the reactant into one or more products, for example, one or more constituent monomers or other volatile or gas-phase species. In some embodiments, a reactor can be provided between a heating source and the reactant, for example, to provide a spatio-temporal temperature profile for improved polymer processing.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst article for treating exhaust gas comprising: a substrate comprising an inlet end and an outlet end with an axial length L; a first catalytic region comprising support material particles; at least some of the support material particles are rhodium-supporting support material particles having rhodium supported thereon at a concentration of from 0.001 to 3.5 wt. %, based on the weight of the rhodium-supporting support material particle; and the rhodium is present at a loading of up to 20 g/ft3 relative to the first catalytic region.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing an alkaline-earth-metal-sulfate-loaded support material, the method comprising: providing a first slurry comprising a support material, alkaline-earth-metal ions and an organic compound, wherein the organic compound comprises a functional group selected from a sulfo group (—SO3H), a sulfonyl group (—S(?O)2—) and a sulfinyl group (—S(?O)—); spray drying the first slurry to provide a spray-dried powder; and heating the spray-dried powder to form an alkaline-earth-metal-sulfate-loaded support material.

Abstract: In a first stage of a methane conversion system, at least some methane (CH4) in an input gas flow stream can be converted into C2 hydrocarbons, hydrogen gas (H2), and aromatics to provide a first processed stream. The conversion can be direct non-oxidative methane conversion (DNMC). At least some of the aromatics can be removed from the first processed stream to provide a second processed stream. In a second stage of the methane conversion system, at least some of the H2 can be removed from the second processed stream to provide a recycle stream. The recycle stream can be returned to the first stage of the methane conversion system for further conversion of methane and removal of aromatics and H2 products.

Abstract: In a first stage of a methane conversion system, at least some methane (CH4) in an input gas flow stream can be converted into C2 hydrocarbons, hydrogen gas (H2), and aromatics to provide a first processed stream. The conversion can be direct non-oxidative methane conversion (DNMC). At least some of the aromatics can be removed from the first processed stream to provide a second processed stream. In a second stage of the methane conversion system, at least some of the H2 can be removed from the second processed stream to provide a recycle stream. The recycle stream can be returned to the first stage of the methane conversion system for further conversion of methane and removal of aromatics and H2 products.

Abstract: A catalyst article including a substrate with an inlet side and an outlet side, a first zone and a second zone, where the first zone includes a passive NOx adsorber (PNA), and an ammonia slip catalyst (ASC) comprising a platinum group metal on a support and a first SCR catalyst; where the second zone includes a catalyst selected from the group consisting of a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and a diesel exotherm catalyst (DEC); and where the first zone is located upstream of the second zone. The first zone may include a bottom layer with a blend of: (1) the platinum group metal on a support and (2) the first SCR catalyst; and a top layer with a second SCR catalyst, the top layer located over the bottom layer.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a catalyst article, the method comprising: providing a slurry comprising a support material, palladium ions, alkaline-earth-metal ions and an organic compound, wherein the organic compound comprises a functional group selected from a sulfo group (—SO3H), a sulfonyl group (—S(?O)2—) and a sulfinyl group (—S(?O)—); disposing the slurry on a substrate; and heating the slurry to form nanoparticles of the palladium and nanoparticles of a sulfate of the alkaline earth metal on the support material.

Abstract: A catalyst article for treating exhaust gas comprising: a substrate comprising an inlet end, an outlet end with an axial length L; a first catalytic region beginning at the inlet end and extending for less than the axial length L, wherein the first catalytic region comprises a first platinum group metal (PGM) component, a first inorganic oxide, and an optional first oxygen storage capacity (OSC) material; a second catalytic region beginning at the outlet end and extending for less than the axial length L, wherein the second catalytic region comprises a second PGM component, an optional second inorganic oxide, and a second OSC material; and a third catalytic region; wherein the weight ratio of the first inorganic oxide to the optional first OSC material is greater than 1:1.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methane conversion devices that achieve autothermal conditions and related methods using the methane conversion devices.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a catalyst article, the method comprising: providing a slurry comprising a support material, palladium ions, alkaline-earth-metal ions and an organic compound, wherein the organic compound comprises a functional group selected from a sulfo group (—SO3H), a sulfonyl group (—S(?O)2—) and a sulfinyl group (—S(?O)—); disposing the slurry on a substrate; and heating the slurry to form nanoparticles of the palladium and nanoparticles of a sulfate of the alkaline earth metal on the support material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst article for treating exhaust gas comprising: a substrate comprising an inlet end and an outlet end with an axial length L; a first catalytic region comprising support material particles; at least some of the support material particles are rhodium-supporting support material particles having rhodium supported thereon at a concentration of from 0.001 to 3.5 wt. %, based on the weight of the rhodium-supporting support material particle; and the rhodium is present at a loading of up to 20 g/ft3 relative to the first catalytic region.

Abstract: A three-way catalyst article, and its use in an exhaust system for internal combustion engines, is disclosed. The catalyst article for treating exhaust gas comprising: a substrate comprising an inlet end and an outlet end with an axial length L; a first catalytic region comprising a first platinum group metal (PGM) component supported on a first PGM support material, wherein the first PGM component comprises platinum and rhodium; and wherein the first PGM support material comprises ZrO2—Al2O3.

Abstract: One or more reactants are flowed into thermal contact with a heating element in a reactor for a first time period. During a first part of a heating cycle, the one or more reactants are provided with a first temperature by heating with the heating element, such that one or more thermochemical reactions is initiated. The one or more thermochemical reactions includes pyrolysis, thermolysis, synthesis, hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, hydrogenolysis, or any combination thereof. The first heating element operates by Joule heating and has a porous construction that allows gas to flow therethrough. During a second part of the heating cycle, the one or more reactants are provided with a second temperature less than the first temperature, for example, by de-energizing the heating element. A duration of the first time period is equal to or greater than a duration of the heating cycle, which is less than five seconds.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a catalyst article, the method comprising: providing a slurry comprising a support material, palladium ions, alkaline-earth-metal ions and an organic compound, wherein the organic compound comprises a functional group selected from a sulfo group (—SO3H), a sulfonyl group (—S(?O)2—) and a sulfinyl group (—S(?O)—); disposing the slurry on a substrate; and heating the slurry to form nanoparticles of the palladium and nanoparticles of a sulfate of the alkaline earth metal on the support material.

Abstract: In a first stage of a methane conversion system, at least some methane (CH4) in an input gas flow stream can be converted into C2 hydrocarbons, hydrogen gas (H2), and aromatics to provide a first processed stream. The conversion can be direct non-oxidative methane conversion (DNMC). At least some of the aromatics can be removed from the first processed stream to provide a second processed stream. In a second stage of the methane conversion system, at least some of the H2 can be removed from the second processed stream to provide a recycle stream. The recycle stream can be returned to the first stage of the methane conversion system for further conversion of methane and removal of aromatics and H2 products.

Abstract: A three-way catalyst article, and its use in an exhaust system for internal combustion engines, is disclosed. The catalyst article for treating exhaust gas comprising: a substrate comprising an inlet end and an outlet end with an axial length L; a first catalytic region comprising a first platinum group metal (PGM) component, wherein the first PGM component comprises Rh and Pt; a second catalytic region comprising a second PGM component, wherein the second PGM component comprises Pd; and wherein the first PGM component has a Pt to Rh ratio of at least 1:20.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methane conversion devices that achieve autothermal conditions and related methods using the methane conversion devices.