Abstract: An audio processing apparatus and an audio processing method for dynamically adjusting an audio clock are provided. The audio processing apparatus includes a first interface, a buffer, a clock generator, a processor, and a second interface. The first interface receives audio data from the host. The buffer stores the audio data to generate a first audio packet and determines relationships between a data volume of the first audio packet and a first upper threshold and a first lower threshold. The second interface outputs the first audio packet and a clock signal to a codec apparatus. In response to the data volume of the first audio packet being less than the first lower threshold, the buffer outputs an underflow interrupt signal. In response to the data volume of the first audio packet being greater than the first upper threshold, the buffer outputs an overflow interrupt signal.

Abstract: A circuit sleep method includes: writing all data stored in a memory unit into a current data-backup block and performing a check calculation on the data written into the current data-backup block to obtain a first verification value; powering down the circuit to make the circuit enter a sleep mode; restarting the circuit and determining whether the processing unit has written all the data stored in the memory unit into the current data-backup block before the circuit enters the sleep mode; performing the check calculation on the data stored in the current data-backup block to obtain a second verification value and comparing the first verification value with the second verification value; and writing back the data stored in the current data-backup block to the memory unit in a case that the first verification value and the second verification value are the same.

Abstract: An image processing method is performed by a processor. The image processing method includes following operations: generating an average brightness value of each of a plurality windows in image data; generating a pixel ratio value according to the image data; generating a weight value of the each of the windows according to the pixel ratio value, a first brightness weight, and a second brightness weight; generating an adjusted brightness value according to the average brightness values of the windows and the weight values of the windows; and performing an auto exposure process according to the adjusted brightness value to generate final image data. The final image data is for a display panel to display.

Abstract: An image outputting device includes a sensing circuit for generating an image signal according to a configuration; a processing circuit, coupled to the sensing circuit, for performing an image processing on the image signal according to the configuration to generate an image processing result; and a controlling circuit, coupled to the sensing circuit and the processing circuit, for setting the configuration and entering an operating system after setting the configuration.

Abstract: A method for authentication data transmission and a system thereof are provided. The method is operated in a computer system that is connected to a biometric device, and a secure channel is established there-between according to a security protocol. The computer system can receive encrypted biometric feature data from the biometric device based on a request. In a secure environment built in the computer system, the biometric feature data is decrypted and biometric features can be extracted. A comparison result is generated after comparing the biometric features with feature data in a database. The comparison result can be transmitted to the biometric device. The comparison result is then encrypted in the biometric device according to the security protocol. The biometric device can therefore transmit the encrypted comparison result to the computer system via the secure channel.

Abstract: An embedded electronic device and a boot method are provided. A processor of the embedded electronic device is configured to execute following steps based on a first boot procedure: verifying whether a second memory device safely corresponds to a first memory controller; in response to that the second memory device safely corresponds to the first memory controller, deciphering and verifying stored data of the second memory device through the first memory controller; and in response to that the second memory device does not safely correspond to the first memory controller, verifying whether the second memory device safely corresponds to a second memory controller.

Abstract: A firmware updating system and method are provided. The firmware updating method includes configuring a host to digitally sign a firmware to be updated, and configuring an electronic device to perform an authorization verification on an update tool, and only the update tool that passes the verification has an update permission. The update tool uses an encryption algorithm to encrypt the firmware to be updated that includes a digital signature. After the encryption is completed, the host sends the update tool to the electronic device through the update tool. The electronic device then uses a decryption algorithm to decrypt the received firmware to obtain the firmware to be updated including the digital signature, and write the firmware to be updated into a firmware storage area to be updated. The electronic device then verifies the digital signature in the firmware to be updated.

Abstract: A method for compressing video signals based on adaptive compression rate and a circuit system thereof are provided. In the method, a digital signal processor is used to process a video so as to frame-by-frame obtain statistical data, for example, a maximum of compressed data. The maximum of compressed data of a previous frame is used to determine a compression state of a current frame. The compression state of the frame allows the processor to decide a direction to adjust a compression ratio. Next, statistical data of the previous frame is used to decide a stride to adjust the compression ratio. The statistical data can be a maximum of compressed data and a quantization table scale referred to rendering a prediction curve that allows the processor to determine the stride. A compression ratio is then determined according to the direction and the stride of adjustment.

Abstract: An audio processing apparatus and an audio processing method for dynamically adjusting an audio clock are provided. The audio processing apparatus includes a first interface, a buffer, a clock generator, a processor, and a second interface. The first interface receives audio data from the host. The buffer stores the audio data to generate a first audio packet and determines relationships between a data volume of the first audio packet and a first upper threshold and a first lower threshold. The second interface outputs the first audio packet and a clock signal to a codec apparatus. In response to the data volume of the first audio packet being less than the first lower threshold, the buffer outputs an underflow interrupt signal. In response to the data volume of the first audio packet being greater than the first upper threshold, the buffer outputs an overflow interrupt signal.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses an image flicker detection method that includes the steps outlined below. An image retrieving is performed to retrieve a current image. A current variation ratio between first rows of pixels of the current image and second rows of pixels in a previous image is calculated. When both the current variation ratio and a previous variation ratio are determined to be larger than a ratio threshold, a detected flicker number is incremented. When the detected flicker number is determined to be larger than a flicker number threshold, a flicker condition is determined to occur. When the detected flicker number is determined to be not larger than the flicker number threshold, the current image becomes the previous image and the current variation ratio becomes the previous variation ratio such that a next image becomes the current image to repeat the above steps.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a multi-path image processing apparatus. An image merging circuit is configured to receive image frames that at least one of the image frames has a largest row number, generate redundant pixel row for each of the image frames that has a row number smaller than the largest row number such that the row number of each of the image frames equals to the largest row number, generate redundant pixel columns for each of the image frames having the number thereof determined by a size of a largest operation window, and merge each two of the image frames through the redundant columns thereof to generate a merged image frame. An image processing circuit performs image processing procedure on the merged image frame to generate a processed merged image frame, wherein at least a part of the image processing procedure is operated according to the largest operation window. An image segmentation circuit segments the processed merged image frame to generate processed image frames.

Abstract: An image processing method is performed by a processor. The image processing method includes following operations: generating an average brightness value of each of a plurality windows in image data; generating a pixel ratio value according to the image data; generating a weight value of the each of the windows according to the pixel ratio value, a first brightness weight, and a second brightness weight; generating an adjusted brightness value according to the average brightness values of the windows and the weight values of the windows; and performing an auto exposure process according to the adjusted brightness value to generate final image data. The final image data is for a display panel to display.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses an image flicker detection method that includes the steps outlined below. An image retrieving is performed to retrieve a current image. A current variation ratio between first rows of pixels of the current image and second rows of pixels in a previous image is calculated. When both the current variation ratio and a previous variation ratio are determined to be larger than a ratio threshold, a detected flicker number is incremented. When the detected flicker number is determined to be larger than a flicker number threshold, a flicker condition is determined to occur. When the detected flicker number is determined to be not larger than the flicker number threshold, the current image becomes the previous image and the current variation ratio becomes the previous variation ratio such that a next image becomes the current image to repeat the above steps.

Abstract: A method for compressing video signals based on adaptive compression rate and a circuit system thereof are provided. In the method, a digital signal processor is used to process a video so as to frame-by-frame obtain statistical data, for example, a maximum of compressed data. The maximum of compressed data of a previous frame is used to determine a compression state of a current frame. The compression state of the frame allows the processor to decide a direction to adjust a compression ratio. Next, statistical data of the previous frame is used to decide a stride to adjust the compression ratio. The statistical data can be a maximum of compressed data and a quantization table scale referred to rendering a prediction curve that allows the processor to determine the stride. A compression ratio is then determined according to the direction and the stride of adjustment.

Abstract: A method for authentication data transmission and a system thereof are provided. The method is operated in a computer system that is connected to a biometric device, and a secure channel is established there-between according to a security protocol. The computer system can receive encrypted biometric feature data from the biometric device based on a request. In a secure environment built in the computer system, the biometric feature data is decrypted and biometric features can be extracted. A comparison result is generated after comparing the biometric features with feature data in a database. The comparison result can be transmitted to the biometric device. The comparison result is then encrypted in the biometric device according to the security protocol.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a multi-path image processing apparatus. An image merging circuit is configured to receive image frames that at least one of the image frames has a largest row number, generate redundant pixel row for each of the image frames that has a row number smaller than the largest row number such that the row number of each of the image frames equals to the largest row number, generate redundant pixel columns for each of the image frames having the number thereof determined by a size of a largest operation window, and merge each two of the image frames through the redundant columns thereof to generate a merged image frame. An image processing circuit performs image processing procedure on the merged image frame to generate a processed merged image frame, wherein at least a part of the image processing procedure is operated according to the largest operation window. An image segmentation circuit segments the processed merged image frame to generate processed image frames.

Abstract: A firmware updating system and method are provided. The firmware updating method includes configuring a host to digitally sign a firmware to be updated, and configuring an electronic device to perform an authorization verification on an update tool, and only the update tool that passes the verification has an update permission. The update tool uses an encryption algorithm to encrypt the firmware to be updated that includes a digital signature. After the encryption is completed, the host sends the update tool to the electronic device through the update tool. The electronic device then uses a decryption algorithm to decrypt the received firmware to obtain the firmware to be updated including the digital signature, and write the firmware to be updated into a firmware storage area to be updated. The electronic device then verifies the digital signature in the firmware to be updated.

Abstract: An image white balance processing method is provided. The image white balance processing method includes: calculating color coordinate points; when it is determined that the color coordinate points are in a first given region, calculating a plurality of weighted averages according to a plurality of coordinate components and a plurality of weight values of color coordinate points of a white given image region, and when it is determined that the color coordinate points are in a second given region, calculating a plurality of averages according to a plurality of coordinate components of color coordinate points of a green given image region; calculating an estimated coordinate point; and calculating a plurality of white balance gains according to the number of a plurality of white given image regions and green given image regions, the plurality of weighted averages, and the estimated coordinate point to compensate for the plurality of given image regions.

Abstract: This invention discloses a data storage chip and a data access method. The data access method is applied to a memory that includes a first area having a first range of memory address and a second area having a second range of memory address. The first range of memory address and the second range of memory address do not overlap. The method includes steps of: reading a predetermined address of the first area to obtain a control value; receiving a memory read command containing a target address; accessing the first area according to the memory read command when the target address is within the first range of memory address, and accessing the second area according to the memory read command when the target address is within the second range of memory address; and selectively sending the data read from the first area according to the control value.

Abstract: A saturation adjusting apparatus for processing a pixel, which has three color components each having a value falling within a range defined by upper and lower extreme values, of a RGB color model includes an extreme value controller and a component adjuster. The extreme value controller determines maximum and minimum extreme value thresholds for ensuring that the values of the color components of the pixel after undergoing linear color correction processing based on a correction indicator fall within the range defined by the upper and lower extreme values. The component adjuster includes a decision-making unit for choosing the correction indicator from a group of values which includes the maximum extreme value threshold, the minimum extreme value threshold, and a saturation setting. The component adjuster further includes a color corrector for performing linear color correction processing on the three color components of the pixel using the correction indicator.