Abstract: An answering machine detection module is used to determine whether a call recipient is an actual person or an answering machine. The answering machine detection module includes a speech recognizer and a call analysis module. The speech recognizer receives an audible response of the call recipient to a call. The speech recognizer processes the audible response and provides an output indicative of recognized speech. The call analysis module processes the output of the speech recognizer to generate an output indicative of whether the call recipient is a person or an answering machine.

Abstract: CIGS absorber layers fabricated using coated semiconducting nanoparticles and/or quantum dots are disclosed. Core nanoparticles and/or quantum dots containing one or more elements from group IB and/or IIIA and/or VIA may be coated with one or more layers containing elements group IB, IIIA or VIA. Using nanoparticles with a defined surface area, a layer thickness could be tuned to give the proper stoichiometric ratio, and/or crystal phase, and/or size, and/or shape. The coated nanoparticles could then be placed in a dispersant for use as an ink, paste, or paint. By appropriate coating of the core nanoparticles, the resulting coated nanoparticles can have the desired elements intermixed within the size scale of the nanoparticle, while the phase can be controlled by tuning the stochiometry, and the stoichiometry of the coated nanoparticle may be tuned by controlling the thickness of the coating(s).

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a nitride-based semiconductor light-emitting device having an improved structure in which optical extraction efficiency is improved. The method of manufacturing a nitride-based semiconductor light-emitting device including an n-doped semiconductor layer, an active layer, a p-doped semiconductor layer, an n-electrode and a p-electrode includes: forming an azobenzene-functionalized polymer film on a base layer by selecting one layer from the group consisting of the n-doped semiconductor layer, the p-doped semiconductor layer, the n-electrode and the p-electrode as the base layer; forming surface relief gratings of a micro-pattern caused by a photophysical mass transport property of azobenzene-functionalized polymer by irradiating interference laser beams onto the azobenzene-functionalized polymer film; forming a photonic crystal layer using a metal oxide on a recessed gap of the azobenzene-functionalized polymer film, and removing the azobenzene-functionalized polymer film.

Abstract: Provided is a method of forming a fine pattern having a pattern dimension of 1 ?m or less, repeatedly with reproducibility. The method of forming the fine pattern includes: forming an azobenzene-functionalized polymer film on an etched layer; irradiating the azobenzene-functionalized polymer film using an interference laser beam to form a patterned azobenzene-functionalized polymer film having fine-patterned surface relief gratings by a photophysical mass transporting of the azobenzene-functionalized polymer; etching the etched layer using the azobenzene-functionalized polymer film having the surface relief grating patterns as an etching mask; and removing the patterned azobenzene-functionalized polymer film.

Abstract: Charge-splitting networks, optoelectronic devices, methods for making optoelectronic devices, power generation systems utilizing such devices and method for making charge-splitting networks are disclosed. An optoelectronic device may include a porous nano-architected (e.g., surfactant-templated) film having interconnected pores that are accessible from both the underlying and overlying layers. A pore-filling material substantially fills the pores. The interconnected pores have diameters of about 1-100 nm and are distributed in a substantially uniform fashion with neighboring pores separated by a distance of about 1-100 nm. The nano-architected porous film and the pore-filling, material have complementary charge-transfer properties with respect to each other, i.e., one is an electron-acceptor and the other is a hole-acceptor. The nano-architected porous, film may be formed on a substrate by a surfactant temptation technique such as evaporation-induced self-assembly.

Abstract: The present invention employs user modeling to model a user's behavior patterns. The user's behavior patterns are then used to influence named entity (NE) recognition.

Abstract: The invention relates to the therapeutic use of oligonucleotides as immunostimulatory agents in immunotherapy applications. More particularly, the invention provides immunomers for use in methods for generating an immune response or for treating a patient in need of immunostimulation. The immunomers of the invention comprise at least two oligonucleotides linked at their 3? ends, internucleoside linkages or functionalized nucleobase or sugar to a non-nucleotidic linker, at least one of the oligonucleotides being an immunostimulatory oligonucleotide and having an accessible 5? end.

Abstract: A method of forming a shareable filler model (shareable model for garbage words) from a word n-gram model is provided. The word n-gram model is converted into a probabilistic context free grammar (PCFG). The PCFG is modified into a substantially application-independent PCFG, which constitutes the shareable filler model.

Abstract: A method of displaying a relationship between menus and applying a motion to the display, thereby facilitating the use of a menu and attracting the interest of a user. A computer readable recording medium storing a program can be used for performing the method. The method of displaying a menu includes selecting a menu item from an upper menu, obtaining an amount of information related to a lower menu or contents corresponding to the selected upper menu item, displaying a connecting object visually showing a relationship between the upper menu and the lower menu or the contents, and displaying the lower menu or the contents and a motion moving at a speed determined according to the amount of information.

Abstract: The invention relates to the therapeutic use of oligonucleotides or oligonucleotide analogs as immunostimulatory agents in immunotherapy applications. The invention provides methods for enhancing the immune response caused by immunostimulatory oligonucleotide compounds.

Abstract: A time-synchronous lattice-constrained search algorithm is developed and used to process a linguistic model of speech that has a long-contextual-span capability. In the algorithm, hypotheses are represented as traces that include an indication of a current frame, previous frames and future frames. Each frame can include an associated linguistic unit such as a phone or units that are derived from a phone. Additionally, pruning strategies can be applied to speed up the search. Further, word-ending recombination methods are developed to speed up the computation. These methods can effectively deal with an exponentially increased search space.

Abstract: Parameters for distributions of a hidden trajectory model including means and variances are estimated using an acoustic likelihood function for observation vectors as an objection function for optimization. The estimation includes only acoustic data and not any intermediate estimate on hidden dynamic variables. Gradient ascent methods can be developed for optimizing the acoustic likelihood function.

Abstract: Charge-splitting networks, optoelectronic devices, methods for making optoelectronic devices, power generation systems utilizing such devices and method for making charge-splitting networks are disclosed. An optoelectronic device may include a porous nano-architected (e.g., surfactant-templated) film having interconnected pores that are accessible from both the underlying and overlying layers. A pore-filling material substantially fills the pores. The interconnected pores have diameters of about 1-100 nm and are distributed in a substantially uniform fashion with neighboring pores separated by a distance of about 1-100 nm. The nano-architected porous film and the pore-filling, material have complementary charge-transfer properties with respect to each other, i.e., one is an electron-acceptor and the other is a hole-acceptor. The nano-architected porous, film may be formed on a substrate by a surfactant temptation technique such as evaporation-induced self-assembly.

Abstract: Charge splitting networks for optoelectronic devices may be fabricated using a nanostructured porous film, e.g., of SiO2, as a template. The porous film may be fabricated using surfactant temptation techniques. Any of a variety of semiconducting materials including semiconducting metals and metal oxides (such as TiO2, CdSe, CdS, CdTe, or CuO) may be deposited into the pores of the porous template film. After deposition, the template film may be removed by controlled exposure to acid or base without disrupting the semiconducting material leaving behind a nanoscale network grid. Spaces in the network grid can then be filled with complementary semiconducting material, e.g., a semiconducting polymer or dye to create a exciton-splitting and charge transporting network with superior optoelectronic properties for an optoelectronic devices, particularly photovoltaic devices.

Abstract: The invention provides an immunostimulatory nucleic acid. In certain embodiments according to this aspect of the invention, the sequence of the immunostimulatory oligonucleotide and/or immunomer is at least partially self-complementary.

Abstract: A door latch system for an automotive vehicle uses a push-pull cable linked to a lock cylinder and to a latch to move the latch assembly into the locked position while simultaneously blocking the latch's lock/unlock lever from moving into the unlocked position.

Abstract: The invention relates to the therapeutic use of oligonucleotides as immunostimulatory agents in immunotherapy applications. More particularly, the invention provides immunomers for use in methods for generating an immune response or for treating a patient in need of immunostimulation. The immunomers of the invention comprise at least two oligonucleotides linked at their 3? ends, internucleoside linkages or functionalized nucleobase or sugar to a non-nucleotidic linker, at least one of the oligonucleotides being an immunostimulatory oligonucleotide and having an accessible 5? end.

Abstract: A time-asynchronous lattice-constrained search algorithm is developed and used to process a linguistic model of speech that has a long-contextual-span capability. In the algorithm, nodes and links in the lattices developed from the model are expanded via look-ahead. Heuristics as utilized by a search algorithm are estimated. Additionally, pruning strategies can be applied to speed up the search.

Abstract: A statistical trajectory speech model is constructed where the targets for vocal tract resonances are represented as random vectors and where the mean vectors of the target distributions are estimated using a likelihood function for joint acoustic observation vectors. The target mean vectors can be estimated without formant data. To form the model, time-dependent filter parameter vectors based on time-dependent coarticulation parameters are constructed that are a function of the ordering and identity of the phones in the phone sequence in each speech utterance. The filter parameter vectors are also a function of the temporal extent of coarticulation and of the speaker's speaking effort.

Abstract: The invention relates to the therapeutic use of oligonucleotides as immunostimulatory agents in immunotherapy applications. More particularly, the invention provides an immunostimulatory oligonucleotides for use in methods for generating an immune response or for treating a patient in need of immunostimulation. The immunostimulatory oligonucleotides of the invention preferably comprise novel purines. The immunostimulatory oligonucleotides according to the invention further comprise at least two oligonucleotides linked at their 3? ends, internucleoside linkages or functionalized nucleobase or sugar to a non-nucleotidic linker, at least one of the oligonucleotides being an immunostimulatory oligonucleotide and having an accessible 5? end.