Abstract: A laundry treatment apparatus equipped with a thermoelectric module includes a thermoelectric element configured to emit heat from a first surface and to absorb heat through a second surface, a first heat exchange unit configured to contact the first surface of the thermoelectric element to undergo heat exchange with air upon receiving heat from the first surface, a heat transfer member having an interconnecting surface that is configured to contact the second surface of the thermoelectric element to be in a heat conducting relationship with the second surface, and a second heat exchange unit configured to contact the interconnecting surface of the heat transfer member, and that is configured to undergo heat exchange with air to enable heat to be absorbed by the second surface of the thermoelectric element through the heat transfer member.

Abstract: A laundry treatment apparatus that includes: a cabinet; an outer tub that is disposed inside the cabinet; a plurality of heat exchange tubes through which air discharged from the outer tub moves, the plurality of heat exchange tubes being arranged to have a gap between adjacent heat exchange tubes; a heat exchange tube housing that is configured to accommodate the plurality of heat exchange tubes and that defines an interior area configured to store cooling water; a cooling water introduction passage that is coupled to a lower portion of the heat exchange tube housing and through which cooling water is provided to the heat exchange tube housing; and a cooling water discharge passage that is coupled to a upper portion of the heat exchange tube housing and through which cooling water stored in the heat exchange tube housing is discharged is disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a laundry treatment machine. The laundry treatment machine according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a casing; a door attached to the casing; a washing tub disposed inside the casing; a heating unit; a blower for supplying to the washing tub; a temperature detector for detecting a temperature of the washing tub; a motor for rotating the washing tub; a driving unit for driving the motor; and a controller to control the blower to operate in a first drying mode, and to control the heating unit to intermittently output a first power during a first period after the operation of the blower while controlling an operating time of the heating unit to increase during the first period. Accordingly, the power consumption can be reduced while reducing the drying period in the drying mode.

Abstract: Disclosed is a laundry treatment apparatus equipped with an exhaust type drying system, which is capable of not only enhancing drying efficiency while reducing consumption of energy and cooling water required to dry laundry, but also achieving smooth exhaust of air even when a water trap is formed in a drainage duct. The laundry treatment apparatus includes a casing, an outer tub, an inner tub, a drainage duct for guiding wash water stored in the outer tub to be discharged to the outside of the casing, a first exhaust duct connected, at one end thereof, to the drainage duct, to guide air present in the outer tub into the drainage duct, and a second exhaust duct upwardly branched from the drainage duct, to exhaust air present in the drainage duct to the outside of the outer tub or the outside of the cashing.

Abstract: According to example embodiments, a method of operating a storage device includes reading a process capability index using a memory controller, adjusting at least one operation condition based on the process capability index, and operating one of at least one nonvolatile memory device according to the at least one operation condition adjusted. The process capability index indicates how a structure associated with a memory cell to be operated deviates from a target shape.

Abstract: A thin film transistor includes a substrate and a gate electrode disposed over the substrate. The gate electrode includes a center part and a peripheral part configured to at least partially surround the center part. The thin film transistor further includes a gate insulating layer disposed below the gate electrode and a first electrode insulated from the gate electrode by the gate insulating layer. The first electrode has at least a portion thereof overlapping the center part. The thin film transistor additionally includes a spacer disposed below the first electrode and a second electrode insulated from the first electrode by the spacer. The second electrode has at least a portion thereof overlapping the peripheral part. The thin film transistor further includes a semiconductor layer connected to the first and second electrodes, and insulated from the gate electrode by the gate insulating layer.

Abstract: A laundry treatment apparatus that includes: a cabinet; an outer tub that is disposed inside the cabinet; a plurality of heat exchange tubes through which air discharged from the outer tub moves, the plurality of heat exchange tubes being arranged to have a gap between adjacent heat exchange tubes; a heat exchange tube housing that is configured to accommodate the plurality of heat exchange tubes and that defines an interior area configured to store cooling water; a cooling water introduction passage that is coupled to a lower portion of the heat exchange tube housing and through which cooling water is provided to the heat exchange tube housing; and a cooling water discharge passage that is coupled to a upper portion of the heat exchange tube housing and through which cooling water stored in the heat exchange tube housing is discharged is disclosed.

Abstract: A laundry treatment apparatus includes a cabinet. The laundry treatment apparatus further includes an outer tub. The laundry treatment apparatus further includes a circulation duct that is configured to guide air circulating through the outer tub. The laundry treatment apparatus further includes an exhaust duct that is configured to guide air exhausted from the outer tub. The laundry treatment apparatus further includes an air suction duct that is configured to guide air from outside the laundry treatment apparatus into the outer tub. The laundry treatment apparatus further includes a fan that is configured to circulate air through the outer tub. The laundry treatment apparatus further includes a heater that is located in the circulation duct and that is configured to heat air entering the outer tub. The laundry treatment apparatus further includes a plurality of heat-exchanging tubes. The laundry treatment apparatus further includes a condensed water pipe.

Abstract: A laundry treatment apparatus equipped with a thermoelectric module includes a thermoelectric element configured to emit heat from a first surface and to absorb heat through a second surface, a first heat exchange unit configured to contact the first surface of the thermoelectric element so as to undergo heat exchange with air upon receiving heat from the first surface, a heat transfer member having an interconnecting surface that is configured to contact the second surface of the thermoelectric element so as to be in a heat conducting relationship with the second surface, and a second heat exchange unit configured to contact the interconnecting surface of the heat transfer member, the second heat exchange unit being configured to undergo heat exchange with air upon receiving heat from the second surface of the thermoelectric element through the heat transfer member.

Abstract: A dryer having a waste heat recovery device includes a cabinet, a drum rotatably mounted within the cabinet and having a front surface and a rear surface, an intake duct configured to provide an intake flow path through which air flows into the drum, an exhaust duct configured to exhaust air coming from the drum out of the cabinet, a heater configured to heat air flowing into the drum, and an ambient air duct configured to inhale air from outside the cabinet and supply the air from outside the cabinet into the drum. The waste heat recovery device includes an evaporation unit configured to absorb heat from air that is exhausted from the drum, a condenser unit configured to transfer heat absorbed from the evaporation unit to ambient air that flows into the ambient air duct, and a heat transfer medium configured to transfer heat between the evaporation unit and the condenser unit.

Abstract: A method of programming a nonvolatile memory device comprises applying at least one test program pulse to selected memory cells located in a scan read area, performing a scan read operation on the selected memory cells following application of the at least one test program pulse to detect at least one one-shot upper cell, calculating an offset voltage corresponding to a scan read region at which the scan read operation is performed, setting a program start bias using the offset voltage, and executing at least one program loop using the program start bias.

Abstract: A method of programming a nonvolatile memory device comprises applying at least one test program pulse to selected memory cells located in a scan read area, performing a scan read operation on the selected memory cells following application of the at least one test program pulse to detect at least one one-shot upper cell, calculating an offset voltage corresponding to a scan read region at which the scan read operation is performed, setting a program start bias using the offset voltage, and executing at least one program loop using the program start bias.

Abstract: A programming method includes a first program loop applying first and second pulses to a selected word line and thereafter determining a threshold voltage for the selected memory cell in relation to first and second verification voltages. Then, upon determining that the threshold voltage is lower than the first verification voltage, performing the second program loop by applying the first pulse to the selected word line, or upon determining that the threshold voltage is higher than the first verification voltage and lower than the second verification voltage, performing the second program loop by applying the second pulse to the selected word line.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory device may include a memory cell array which is arranged in rows and columns and has multi-level memory cells; a voltage generator providing a plurality of read voltages to a selected row of the memory cell array; and control logic performing a plurality of page read operations using the read voltages. A first read voltage and a second read voltage among the plurality of read voltages are each associated with a higher probability of occurrence of a bit read error than at least one other read voltage among the plurality of read voltages. The control logic uses the first read voltage and the second read voltage in different page read operations than each other.

Abstract: Provided is a filtering apparatus, method, and medium for a multi-format codec, in which a blocking artifact of decoded video data is removed. The filtering apparatus includes a compression format detection unit, a block strength determination unit, a table determination unit, and a first filtering unit. The compression format detection unit detects a video compression format of the decoded video data. The block strength determination unit determines a block strength indicating a filtering strength with respect to the decoded video data according to the detected video compression format. The table determination unit determines a filtering table differently according to the block strength when the block strength is greater than a predetermined threshold. The first filtering unit performs filtering on the decoded video data in units of a block using the determined filtering table.

Abstract: According to example embodiments, a method of operating a storage device includes reading a process capability index using a memory controller, adjusting at least one operation condition based on the process capability index, and operating one of at least one nonvolatile memory device according to the at least one operation condition adjusted. The process capability index indicates how a structure associated with a memory cell to be operated deviates from a target shape.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory device may include a memory cell array which is arranged in rows and columns and has multi-level memory cells; a voltage generator providing a plurality of read voltages to a selected row of the memory cell array; and control logic performing a plurality of page read operations using the read voltages. A first read voltage and a second read voltage among the plurality of read voltages are each associated with a higher probability of occurrence of a bit read error than at least one other read voltage among the plurality of read voltages. The control logic uses the first read voltage and the second read voltage in different page read operations than each other.

Abstract: A programming method includes a first program loop applying first and second pulses to a selected word line and thereafter determining a threshold voltage for the selected memory cell in relation to first and second verification voltages. Then, upon determining that the threshold voltage is lower than the first verification voltage, performing the second program loop by applying the first pulse to the selected word line, or upon determining that the threshold voltage is higher than the first verification voltage and lower than the second verification voltage, performing the second program loop by applying the second pulse to the selected word line.

Abstract: A dryer having a waste heat recovery device includes a cabinet, a drum rotatably mounted within the cabinet and having a front surface and a rear surface, an intake duct configured to provide an intake flow path through which air flows into the drum, an exhaust duct configured to exhaust air coming from the drum out of the cabinet, a heater configured to heat air flowing into the drum, and an ambient air duct configured to inhale air from outside the cabinet and supply the air from outside the cabinet into the drum. The waste heat recovery device includes an evaporation unit configured to absorb heat from air that is exhausted from the drum, a condenser unit configured to transfer heat absorbed from the evaporation unit to ambient air that flows into the ambient air duct, and a heat transfer medium configured to transfer heat between the evaporation unit and the condenser unit.

Abstract: A method, medium, and system encoding/decoding video data using a binary arithmetic coding adaptive to a compression bit rate of the video data. The system may include a bitrate adaptation unit determining a maximum length of a prefix using a compression bitrate of the video data, a binarization unit dividing the video data into a prefix and a suffix according to the determined maximum length of the prefix and binarizing the video data, and an arithmetic encoding unit performing an arithmetic encoding on the binarized video data. The video data may be encoded/decoded using binary arithmetic encoding/decoding by determining the maximum length of the prefix, an order of an exponential Golomb code, and the number of contexts based on the compression bitrate. Accordingly, it is possible to obtain high encoding efficiency regardless of a range of the desired compression bitrate.