Abstract: A device for secure and automated enrollment-certificate bootstrapping on keys and certificates for a vehicle to everything (V2X) environment of a V2X end entity in a security credential management system (SCMS) for V2X communication, the device comprising: a processor; and a memory configured to store at least one instruction to be performed by the processor, the at least one instruction is configured to instruct the processor to perform steps of: by a secure bootstrapping service (SBS) agent, checking, for an SSB server, configuration information; by the SBS agent, making a request for bootstrapping data to the SBS server; and by the SBS agent, installing the bootstrapping data in the SBS server.

Abstract: A pseudonym certificate management method, performed by a pseudonym certificate management apparatus interworking with an external server, may comprise: receiving, from the external server, a pseudonym certificate in a state locked based on a root value identifiable only by the external server; periodically receiving an unlocking key for the pseudonym certificate from the external server; activating the pseudonym certificate with the unlocking key; and when the activated pseudonym certificate is abnormal, deactivating the pseudonym certificate.

Abstract: An operation method of a communication node in a communication network may comprise receiving CAN signals from a plurality of CAN communication nodes; generating forward input data by performing forward preprocessing on the received CAN signals based on forward sampling times; generating forward mask data for the forward input data and forward time interval data according to the forward sampling times; generating backward input data by performing backward preprocessing on the CAN signals based on backward sampling times; generating backward mask data for the backward input data and backward time interval data according to the backward sampling times; and detecting an abnormal signal among the CAN signals by inputting the forward input data, forward mask data, forward time interval data, backward input data, backward mask data, and backward time interval data into a gated recurrent unit-decay (GRU-D) neural network.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a use of a pharmaceutical composition for treating stroke or sequelae following stroke, the composition comprising a phosphodiesterase type 5 activity inhibitor and a Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) inhibitor. The present inventors have performed research, based on clinical knowledge related to stroke treatment, in order to use sildenafil and a ROCK inhibitor in combination to treat stroke or sequelae caused by stroke, and as a result, confirmed for the first time that stroke or sequelae caused by stroke were significantly improved when sildenafil and a ROCK inhibitor were co-administered compared to when sildenafil or the ROCK inhibitor was administered by itself. Therefore, it is expected that a pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention will be able to be effectively used for treating or studying stroke or stroke-related sequelae.

Abstract: A data tracking method, which is performed by a data tracking apparatus in an edge cloud environment including at least one edge node communicating with an end device and a central cloud, includes receiving data from the end device by a first edge node, creating, by the first edge node, a tracing history and distributing the data to a plurality of edge nodes so as to allow the plurality of edge nodes to create tracing histories, transmitting the created tracing histories to the central cloud by the first edge node and the plurality of edge nodes, and verifying, by the central cloud, linkability of the tracing histories transmitted to the central cloud, storing the tracing histories, analyzing the tracing histories, and providing a data tracking function.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an apparatus and method of controlling a resource sharing in a real-time data transmission network which can increase a network efficiency by decentralizing data operation loads and reducing duplicate operations. The resource sharing control device is one of a plurality of devices included in a real-time data transmission system which delivers transmit data provided by a data producer to a data consumer. At least one instruction when executed by the processor causes the processor to: establish a delivery path passing at least some of the plurality of resource sharing control devices in the real-time data transmission system and through which the transmit data is delivered; and decompose an operation to be performed on the transmit data into a plurality of partial operations and allocate each of the partial operations to one or more of the plurality of resource sharing control devices on the delivery path.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of detecting whether a groupware user's behavior is an abnormal behavior. The method includes acquiring a uniform resource identifier (URI) from the user's behavior, generating a URI sequence from the URI on the basis of a predetermined time interval, preprocessing the URI sequence to generate a primitive URI sequence, calculating a log probability value from the primitive URI sequence, and detecting whether the user's behavior is an abnormal behavior on the basis of the log probability value and a predetermined threshold value.

Abstract: A pseudonym certificate management method, performed by a pseudonym certificate management apparatus interworking with an external server, may comprise: receiving, from the external server, a pseudonym certificate in a state locked based on a root value identifiable only by the external server; periodically receiving an unlocking key for the pseudonym certificate from the external server; activating the pseudonym certificate with the unlocking key; and when the activated pseudonym certificate is abnormal, deactivating the pseudonym certificate.

Abstract: A method of distributedly storing data in a system comprising a plurality of edge nodes communicatively coupled to an end device and a central cloud. The method includes: receiving, by a first edge node, data transmitted by the end device; assigning, by the first edge node, a data tag to received data according to attributes of the received data and duplicating the received data to generate a tagged data copy; and transmitting, by the first edge node, the tagged data copy to at least one second edge node determined by a data distribution policy determined by the central cloud directly or through the central cloud, so that the at least one second edge node store the tagged data copy in a storage.

Abstract: Provided are a method and device for performing authentication using a hardware security module (HSM) in a one machine-to-machine (oneM2M) environment. The method of performing authentication using an HSM in a oneM2M environment includes extracting a symmetric key stored in the HSM using a security application programming interface (API), generating a first value and a second value using the extracted symmetric key, and performing mutual authentication with an M2M enrolment function (MEF) server through transport layer security pre-shared key ciphersuites (TLS-PSK) using the first value and the second value.

Abstract: A method of detecting an anomaly of a road side unit, which is performed by an anomaly detecting apparatus interworking with one or more road side units, may comprise: receiving traffic data from each of the one or more road side units; performing grouping on the one or more road side units based on the traffic data; generating input data of an artificial neural network based on a result of the performing of the grouping; generating output data of the artificial neural network based on the input data; and detecting an anomaly of each of the one or more road side units based on the output data.

Abstract: A method of judging reliability of a deep learning machine, includes: temporarily judging a class of data to be judged; checking an attack/normal ratio of temporarily judged data, configuring N mini-batches by using M test data that have been judged whether it is normal or attack data, and configuring T mini-batch sets each including the N mini-batches; and iteratively performing multiple times a process of judging the test data provided for each of the N mini-batches configuring the mini-batch sets to judge an attack/normal ratio of each of the N mini-batches, wherein the M test data that are used for each of the T mini-batch sets are the same but combinations of the test data of each of the mini-batches are different for each of the mini-batches and a size of each of the mini-batches is M/N.

Abstract: Provided are a device and method for sharing big data using a blockchain. The method of sharing big data using a blockchain includes receiving a search condition from a user terminal, searching a blockchain network for metadata meeting the received search condition and acquiring found metadata, acquiring shared data stored in a distributed storage using the acquired metadata, and transmitting the acquired shared data to the user terminal.

Abstract: A method for managing an enrollment certificate in an SCMS for V2X communication may comprise receiving a message requesting an authority for generating a CSR from a DCM; updating device certification data through a certification laboratory that manages performance and requirements of an EE, and verifying the EE that requested issuance of an enrollment certificate to the DCM by using the updated device certification data; transmitting response data indicating the authority for generating a CSR to the DCM based on a result of the verification; receiving a CSR generated according to the response data from the DCM; and verifying the received CSR, and requesting response data for the CSR to an ECA based on a result of the verification.

Abstract: A receiver circuit is provided. The receiver circuit includes an antenna configured to receive a radio frequency (RF) signal; a filter configured to filter the RF signal received by the antenna; and a passive mixer circuit configured to adjust a center frequency of the filtered RF signal to a predetermined frequency. The passive mixer circuit includes: a transformer which includes a first coil and a second coil that is separate from the first coil; a first passive mixer which is directly connected to a first end of the second coil; and a second passive mixer which is directly connected to a second end of the second coil and is separate from the first passive mixer.

Abstract: Provided is a method of machine learning for a convolutional neural network (CNN). The method includes: receiving input target data; determining whether to initiate incremental learning on the basis of a difference between a statistical characteristic of the target data with respect to the CNN and a statistical characteristic of previously used training data with respect to the CNN; determining a set of kernels with a high degree of mutual similarity in each convolution layer included in the CNN when the incremental learning is determined to be initiated; and updating a weight between nodes to which kernels included in the set of kernels with a high degree of mutual similarity are applied.

Abstract: Provided is a method for detecting a driver's abnormalities based on a CAN (Controller Area Network) bus network communicating with an ECU (Electronic Control Unit) of a vehicle. The method may include: acquiring a CAN bus signal related to an operation of the vehicle from the CAN bus network; extracting a detection vector from the CAN bus signal using an auto encoder; and detecting a driver's abnormality based on the detection vector.

Abstract: A receiver circuit is provided. The receiver circuit includes an antenna configured to receive a radio frequency (RF) signal; a filter configured to filter the RF signal received by the antenna; and a passive mixer circuit configured to adjust a center frequency of the filtered RF signal to a predetermined frequency. The passive mixer circuit includes: a transformer which includes a first coil and a second coil that is separate from the first coil; a first passive mixer which is directly connected to a first end of the second coil; and a second passive mixer which is directly connected to a second end of the second coil and is separate from the first passive mixer.

Abstract: An operation method of a communication node in a communication network may comprise receiving CAN signals from a plurality of CAN communication nodes; generating forward input data by performing forward preprocessing on the received CAN signals based on forward sampling times; generating forward mask data for the forward input data and forward time interval data according to the forward sampling times; generating backward input data by performing backward preprocessing on the CAN signals based on backward sampling times; generating backward mask data for the backward input data and backward time interval data according to the backward sampling times; and detecting an abnormal signal among the CAN signals by inputting the forward input data, forward mask data, forward time interval data, backward input data, backward mask data, and backward time interval data into a gated recurrent unit-decay (GRU-D) neural network.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method and an apparatus for detecting abnormal traffic based on a convolutional autoencoder (CAE). The method of detecting abnormal traffic based on the CAE may include converting a character string of normal traffic into an image, learning the converted image using the CAE, and detecting abnormal traffic by inputting target traffic to the learned CAE.