Abstract: A display substrate includes a signal line formed on a substrate, a connection pad receiving a driving signal from the signal line, at least one repair line formed along an outer periphery of the substrate, a first auxiliary repair line overlapping the signal fine at a first position with an insulating layer disposed therebetween, a second auxiliary repair line overlapping the signal line at a second position with the insulating layer disposed therebetween, and a connection line connecting the second auxiliary repair fine to the at least one repair line.

Abstract: The present invention records A/V data and navigation information in a first format such as DVD-Video format when a disk apparatus, e.g., a DVD recorder conducts data recording operation. During the recording operation, video object unit search information ‘VOBU_SRI’ among data search information ‘DSI’ contained in the navigation information is recorded in a second format such as DVD+R or DVD+RW format, thereby reducing size of the navigation information to be recorded on an optical disk.

Abstract: A method of forming a metal wiring for a semiconductor device includes forming a metal-based layer on a substrate, the substrate including at least one conductive structure, forming a metal seed layer on the metal-based layer, forming a supplementary contact layer on the metal seed layer along peripheral portions of the substrate, the metal seed layer being between the substrate and the supplementary contact layer, and the supplementary contact layer including a supplementary metal having an electrical resistance smaller than or equal to an electrical resistance of the metal seed layer, loading the substrate into a plating apparatus, such that the supplementary contact layer is being in direct contact with the cathode of the plating apparatus, and performing an electroplating process on the metal seed layer to form a metal wiring layer on the metal-based layer.

Abstract: A laser repair system including a laser light oscillator for generating laser light, and a slit unit on which the laser light is irradiated and which includes a laser light-blocking section, a first slit section and a second slit section, wherein the laser light-blocking section of the slit unit does not transmit the laser light incident on the laser light-blocking section, and the amount of light transmitted through the first slit section is greater than that of light transmitted through the second slit section.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a substrate, a plurality of pixels including a plurality of switching elements, a plurality of gate lines connected to the switching elements and extending in a row direction, and a gate driver including a circuit portion connected to the gate lines and a wiring portion connected to the circuit portion. The circuit portion includes a transistor and the wiring portion includes a signal line, and the transistor and the signal line are connected via a connecting member, whereby electrostatic electricity is prevented from being introduced in the gate driver of the display during a manufacturing process.