Abstract: A digital copying/printing machine and method by which a set of images can be assembled from document images input in separate actions. This set can then be printed as a whole. Document images can be input by a scanner (physical documents) or via a connection to a digital environment, such as a network (digital document images). For digital document images, a storage unit is provided in which different images can be stored and which is provided with a selection function for selecting the required image for inclusion in the set. A separate input key is provided on the operating panel for starting an input action. Individual adjustments for the printed product can be made for each input action, e.g., for lighter or darker or single or double-sided printing. An image input in this manner is included in a set file in the memory of the machine. In response to actuation of a print key on the operating panel, the entire set file is printed.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for syntactic signal analysis which is suitable for processing signals which deviate, within a freely selected margin, from a set of signals predetermined by a grammar, the apparatus being provided with a feature unification mechanism which detects violations of features, and an adaptive threshold mechanism coupled thereto. The feature unification mechanism, which processes the features in groups so that rapid processing is obtained, determines a violation score, thus providing a measure of the deviation of the analyzed signal from the set of signals predetermined by the grammar and indicates what elements of the signal are not satisfactory so that these can be corrected if necessary. The adaptive threshold mechanism enables a number of analyses to be delivered each having a violation score, so that on the basis thereof, in combination with other factors which may be available, it is possible to select the best analysis.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for syntactic signal analysis which is suitable for processing signals which deviate, within a freely selected margin, from a set of signals predetermined by a grammar, the apparatus being provided with a feature unification mechanism which detects violations of features, and an adaptive threshold mechanism coupled thereto. The feature unification mechanism, which processes the features in groups so that rapid processing is obtained, determines a violation score, thus providing a measure of the deviation of the analyzed signal from the set of signals predetermined by the grammar and indicates what elements of the signal are not satisfactory so that these can be corrected if necessary. The adaptive threshold mechanism enables a number of analyses to be delivered each having a violation score, so that on the basis thereof, in combination with other factors which may be available, it is possible to select the best analysis.

Abstract: An image forming method and apparatus in which digital image data is stored in a memory and read out of the memory to form images on copy sheets in a first image orientation or in a second image orientation rotated through 180.degree. with respect to the first image orientation, first image data relating to images to be formed in the first orientation being stored in the memory in ascending address sequence, starting from the first free memory address, and second image data relating to images to be formed in the second orientation being stored in the memory in descending address sequence, starting from the last free memory address, while reading out from the memory is effected in ascending address sequence for both the first and the second image data.

Abstract: To determine lexical data relating to a compound target word by reference to a vocabulary containing words with their lexical data, the vocabulary is searched for a word having a longest final part in common with the target word, the vocabulary being arranged in retrograde order for the purpose of this search process.

Abstract: To enable inflected word forms to be derived, a method and a data processing unit are provided for inflecting a given word and for adapting the lexical data of the word correspondingly by reference to a classification scheme containing inflection rules for a given natural language. The effect achieved is that inflected word forms do not have to be contained in an electronic word register, and this results in a considerable reduction in memory space occupied by the word register.

Abstract: A computer method of parsing a sentence into sentence parts to be described with functional indications, by means of lexicalized word units. The method includes determining, for each word unit and for each constituent, the functional word category within the constituent or a new constituent and, for each constituent, describing a step relating to closure of the constituent, and allocating a functional label to that constituent. The current constituent is then tested against rules relating to the context of the words and/or subsidiary constituents, and probability factor allocated to the sentence representation is reevaluated. Each sentence representation having a probability factor above a certain threshold value is then selected. A grammatically incorrect sentence already parsed can be corrected by selecting the grammatically incorrect constituent within that sentence and changed by reference to rules stored in the computer.