Abstract: An encoding and decoding system that includes a model implemented hardware or software that is capable of operating on arbitrary data (e.g., data of a different or variety of types.) The model generates a context and binary decision for each symbol, which a binary entropy coder that uses to generate a compressed bit stream. One context model is operable with arbitrary data and uses context bins of various orders to generate a context and a decision for each symbol in an input symbol stream. An entropy coder estimates probability and generates compressed data stream in response to contexts and decisions from the model and according to generated probability estimates.

Abstract: A secure system for executing program code in an insecure environment while making it impossible, or at least impractical, to determine how to copy the program code and associated data is provided. A program memory contains encrypted program data and security circuitry contained within an integrated circuit is provided for decrypting the program data as it is needed by a processor. A portion of the processing steps which would be done by the processor in an insecure system is performed in this secure system within the secure circuitry using portions of the decrypted program data which are not provided to the processor. Program data is parsed it out based on a proper request to the security chip from the processor. A key value stored in volatile memory is used in the decrypting process and the volatile memory is positioned on the integrated circuit such that its contents are lost before a chip peel provides access to the volatile memory.

Abstract: A data compression system separates input data into color planes prior to compression. If needed for legacy game consoles, compression is performed by a game cartridge transparent to the console. To minimize the number of passes required of a coder/decoder, color planes are ordered by density and the densest color plane is coded first. After the first color plane is coded, other color planes are coded, but pixels which are known to have colors from previously coded color planes are not coded. The last color plane is not coded, but is deduced from all the other color planes. Alternatively, pixel color values are represented by vectors with components thereof separately coded by subcolor planes. Also, each color plane can be coded until a threshold number of pixels are coded, and the remaining pixels coded by bit plane. The image data could be coded using pixel position information as context.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for encoding and decoding data in parallel. The present invention provides a system for decompressing a data stream having multiple codewords. The system includes an input channel that receives the data stream. The system also includes a decoder which decodes each bit of the data stream, wherein at least two of the codewords in the data stream are decoded at the same time, such that the data stream is decoded in parallel.

Abstract: A composition comprising 5-ethoxy-2'-deoxyuridine is disclosed which is useful as an antiviral agent.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for compressing images having a binary extractor, a binary compressor and a JPEG compressor. The binary extractor produces a binary image representing an estimate of the binary information in the original image. The binary image is compressed by the binary compressor. The binary image is also subtracted from the original image to produce a difference image representing the continuous-tone information in the original image. The difference image is then compressed using the JPEG compressor. In this manner, the present invention compresses a document image without having to perform segmentation on the image.

Abstract: The applicants have discovered a method of treating malignancies which comprises administering effective amounts of 5-fluorouracil, interferon-.alpha. and a compound formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R is selected is selected from the group consisting of alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, alkene of 2 to 5 carbon atoms and alkynyl of 2 to 5 carbon atoms; R.sub.1 is 2'-deoxyribofuranosyl.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for encoding and decoding data in parallel. The present invention provides a system for decompressing a data stream having multiple codewords. The system includes an input channel that receives the data stream. The system also includes a decoder which decodes each bit of the data stream, wherein at least two of the codewords in the data stream are decoded at the same time, such that the data stream is decoded in parallel.

Abstract: A converter for reading image bands in block order and outputting the image bands in raster order or vice versa is provided, including a band memory for storing a number of pixels equal to the number of pixels in an image band, an array of counters coupled to an address input of the band memory, a carry signal router, and a state machine. The carry signal router routes the carry out lines of the counters to the carry in lines of the counters in a pattern where the counters are ordered from a most significant to a least significant and the carry signal router ensures that each of the carry out lines of each counter is coupled to the carry in lines of the next most significant counter, with the carry out line of the most significant counter being input to a state machine and the carry in line of the least significant counter being a clock or divided clock input.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for compressing images having a binary extractor, a binary compressor and a JPEG compressor. The binary extractor produces a binary image representing an estimate of the binary information in the original image. The binary image is compressed by the binary compressor. The binary image is also subtracted from the original image to produce a difference image representing the continuous-tone information in the original image. The difference image is then compressed using the JPEG compressor. In this manner, the present invention compresses a document image without having to perform segmentation on the image.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for encoding and decoding data in parallel. The present invention provides a system for decompressing a data stream having multiple codewords. The system includes an input channel that receives the data stream. The system also includes a decoder which decodes each bit of the data stream, wherein at least two of the codewords in the data stream are decoded at the same time, such that the data stream is decoded in parallel.

Abstract: Various Huffman decoder architectures are presented. By these decoder architectures, more than one codeword in a stream of Huffman-coded data units may be decoded into more than one token in a single decoding operation on average. An efficient memory organization which is useful in many of these decoder architectures is also presented.