Abstract: A tonneau cover assembly for a vehicle includes a tonneau cover having flexibility, a tonneau cover winding rod, a screen having flexibility, a screen winding rod, and a case. The tonneau cover winding rod is for rolling up the tonneau cover from the first end that is fixed to the tonneau cover winding rod. The screen winding rod is for rolling up the screen from the first end that is fixed to the screen winding rod. The case holds the tonneau cover, the tonneau cover winding rod, the screen, and the screen winding rod therein. The case includes an opening for releasing and retracting the tonneau cover and the screen. The tonneau cover winding rod is configured to release the tonneau cover at a portion of the tonneau cover winding rod located higher than a portion of the screen winding rod at which the screen winding rod releases the screen.

Abstract: An exemplary lithium secondary battery includes: a positive electrode including a positive-electrode active substance layer 103; a negative electrode; and a solid electrolyte layer 104. The positive-electrode active substance layer 103 comprises lithium cobaltate, and has an ?-NaFeO2 type crystal structure. The positive-electrode active substance layer 103 includes a lower layer 103a, and an upper layer 103b interposed between the lower layer and the solid electrolyte layer. The lower layer 103a is oriented in the (110) plane. The upper layer 103b is composed only of first regions 103b1 oriented in the (110) plane and second regions 103b2 oriented in the (018) plane, the first and second regions being mixedly present in the xy plane of the positive-electrode active substance layer. The solid electrolyte layer 104 comprises lithium lanthanum titanate, and has a tetragonal perovskite-type crystal structure. The solid electrolyte layer 104 is oriented in the (110) or (102) plane.

Abstract: An exemplary all-solid lithium secondary battery includes a positive electrode including a positive-electrode active substance layer, a negative electrode, and a solid electrolyte layer interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The positive-electrode active substance layer is composed of lithium cobaltate, and has an ?-NaFeO2 type crystal structure. The positive-electrode active substance layer has a (018) plane oriented in a normal direction of a principal face of the positive-electrode active substance layer. The solid electrolyte layer is composed of lithium lanthanum titanate and has a tetragonal perovskite-type crystal structure. The solid electrolyte layer has a (110) plane or a (102) plane oriented in a normal direction of a principal face of the solid electrolyte layer.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery includes: a positive electrode including a positive-electrode active material layer; a negative electrode including a negative-electrode active material layer; and an ion conductor being lithium ion conductive and interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The positive-electrode active material layer is composed of lithium cobaltate, and has an ?-NaFeO2 type crystal structure. The positive-electrode active material layer is composed only of first regions oriented in the (110) plane and second regions oriented in the (018) plane, the first regions and the second regions being mixedly present in the xy plane of the positive-electrode active material layer, where x and y axes are defined as two axes that are parallel to the principal face of the positive-electrode active material layer, and a z axis is defined as an axis perpendicular to the principal face.

Abstract: A tonneau cover assembly for a vehicle includes a tonneau cover having flexibility, a tonneau cover winding rod, a screen having flexibility, a screen winding rod, and a case. The tonneau cover winding rod is for rolling up the tonneau cover from the first end that is fixed to the tonneau cover winding rod. The screen winding rod is for rolling up the screen from the first end that is fixed to the screen winding rod. The case holds the tonneau cover, the tonneau cover winding rod, the screen, and the screen winding rod therein. The case includes an opening for releasing and retracting the tonneau cover and the screen. The tonneau cover winding rod is configured to release the tonneau cover at a portion of the tonneau cover winding rod located higher than a portion of the screen winding rod at which the screen winding rod releases the screen.

Abstract: The present invention provides an NBT-BT film having a higher polarization-disappearance temperature. The present invention is a [(Na,Bi)1-xBax]TiO3 crystal piezoelectric film. The [(Na,Bi)1-xBax]TiO3 crystal piezoelectric film has a (001) orientation only. The [(Na,Bi)1-xBax]TiO3 crystal piezoelectric film has a-axis length of not less than 0.390 nanometers and not more than 0.395 nanometers. The [(Na,Bi)1-xBax]TiO3 crystal piezoelectric film has c-axis length of not less than 0.399 nanometers and not more than 0.423 nanometers (where x represents a value of not less than 0 and not more than 1). The [(Na,Bi)1-xBax]TiO3 crystal piezoelectric film has a polarization-disappearance temperature of not less than 389 degrees Celsius.

Abstract: Provided is a novel actuator and a method for driving the same. The present invention is an actuator comprising a first laminate comprising a first (Bi, Na, Ba) TiO3 layer between first and second electrode layers, a second laminate comprising a second (Bi, Na, Ba) TiO3 layer between third and fourth electrode layers, and a tilt part provided between the first and second laminates. Both of the first and second (Bi, Na, Ba) TiO3 layers are preferentially oriented in a [011] crystalline axis direction. Voltages V5a, V9a, V5b, and V9b which satisfy Requirement A: V5a>V9a and V5b<V9b or Requirement B: V5a<V9a and V5b>V9b are applied to the first-fourth electrode layers so as to tilt the tilt part. One of the first edge and the second edge is moved in the [011] crystalline axis direction and the other is moved in the reverse direction thereof.

Abstract: Provided is a piezoelectric thin film including a non-lead-containing (that is, lead-free) ferroelectric material and having high piezoelectric performance comparable to that of PZT, and a method of manufacturing the piezoelectric thin film. The piezoelectric film according to the present invention comprises a laminate structure. The laminate structure comprises an electric film and a (1-x)(Na,Bi)TiO3-xBaTiO3 film. x represents a value of not less than 0.03 and not more than 0.15. The (1-x)(Na,Bi)TiO3-xBaTiO3 film has a (110) surface orientation only. The (1-x)(Na,Bi)TiO3-xBaTiO3 film has an orthorhombic crystal structure only.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery includes: a positive electrode including a positive-electrode active material layer; a negative electrode including a negative-electrode active material layer; and an ion conductor being lithium ion conductive and interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The positive-electrode active material layer is composed of lithium cobaltate, and has an ?-NaFeO2 type crystal structure. The positive-electrode active material layer is composed only of first regions oriented in the (110) plane and second regions oriented in the (018) plane, the first regions and the second regions being mixedly present in the xy plane of the positive-electrode active material layer, where x and y axes are defined as two axes that are parallel to the principal face of the positive-electrode active material layer, and a z axis is defined as an axis perpendicular to the principal face.

Abstract: The present invention provides an NBT-BT film having a higher polarization-disappearance temperature. The present invention is a [(Na,Bi)1-xBax]TiO3 crystal piezoelectric film. The [(Na,Bi)1-xBax]TiO3 crystal piezoelectric film has a (001) orientation only. The [(Na,Bi)1-xBax]TiO3 crystal piezoelectric film has a-axis length of not less than 0.390 nanometers and not more than 0.395 nanometers. The [(Na,Bi)1-xBax]TiO3 crystal piezoelectric film has c-axis length of not less than 0.399 nanometers and not more than 0.423 nanometers (where x represents a value of not less than 0 and not more than 1). The [(Na,Bi)1-xBax]TiO3 crystal piezoelectric film has a polarization-disappearance temperature of not less than 389 degrees Celsius.

Abstract: An exemplary all-solid lithium secondary battery includes a positive electrode including a positive-electrode active substance layer, a negative electrode, and a solid electrolyte layer interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The positive-electrode active substance layer is composed of lithium cobaltate, and has an ? —NaFeO2 type crystal structure. The positive-electrode active substance layer has a (018) plane oriented in a normal direction of a principal face of the positive-electrode active substance layer. The solid electrolyte layer is composed of lithium lanthanum titanate and has a tetragonal perovskite-type crystal structure. The solid electrolyte layer has a (110) plane or a (102) plane oriented in a normal direction of a principal face of the solid electrolyte layer.

Abstract: An exemplary lithium secondary battery includes: a positive electrode including a positive-electrode active substance layer 103; a negative electrode; and a solid electrolyte layer 104. The positive-electrode active substance layer 103 comprises lithium cobaltate, and has an ?-NaFeO2 type crystal structure. The positive-electrode active substance layer 103 includes a lower layer 103a, and an upper layer 103b interposed between the lower layer and the solid electrolyte layer. The lower layer 103a is oriented in the (110) plane. The upper layer 103b is composed only of first regions 103b1 oriented in the (110) plane and second regions 103b2 oriented in the (018) plane, the first and second regions being mixedly present in the xy plane of the positive-electrode active substance layer. The solid electrolyte layer 104 comprises lithium lanthanum titanate, and has a tetragonal perovskite-type crystal structure. The solid electrolyte layer 104 is oriented in the (110) or (102) plane.

Abstract: In order to provide a non-lead piezoelectric film having high crystalline orientation, low dielectric loss, high polarization-disappear temperature, and high piezoelectric constant, the present invention is a piezoelectric film comprising: a NaxM1-x layer 13 having a (001) orientation only; and a (1-?) (Bi, Na, Ba) TiO3-?BiQO3 layer 15 having a (001) orientation only. The (1-?) (Bi, Na, Ba) TiO3-?BiQO3 layer 15 is formed on the NaxM1-x layer 13. M represents Pt, Ir, or PtIr. Q represents Fe, Co, Zn0.5Ti0.5, or Mg0.5Ti0.5. x represents a value of not less than 0.002 and not more than 0.02. ? represents a value of not less than 0.20 and not more than 0.50.

Abstract: The present invention provides a piezoelectric film having a higher polarization-disappearance temperature Td and the usage thereof. The piezoelectric film of the present invention comprising an interface layer of (Nax1, Biy1)TiO0.5x1+1.5y1+2-BaTiO3 layer having a (001) orientation only and a piezoelectric layer of a (Nax2, Biy2)TiO0.5x2+1.5y2+2-BaTiO3 layer having a (001) orientation only, where x1 is 0.28-0.43, y1 is 0.49-0.60, x2 is 0.30-0.46, and y2 is 0.51-0.63. The piezoelectric layer is formed on the interface layer. The interface layer contains nickel. The interface layer has a Ni/Ti molar ratio of not less than 0.02.

Abstract: The present invention provides an oxide film composed of an oxide having a perovskite crystal structure. The oxide is represented by a chemical formula A1-x(E1-yGy)Oz. A represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ba, Sr, and Ca. E represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Zr, Hf, In, Ga, and Al. G represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Y, La, Ce, and Gd. All of the following five mathematical formulae are satisfied: 0.2?x?0.5, 0.1?y?0.7, z<3, 0.3890 nanometers?a?0.4190 nanometers, 0.95?a/c<0.98. Each of a, b and c represents a lattice constant of the perovskite crystal structure. Either the following mathematical formula is satisfied: a?b<c or a<b?c.

Abstract: The present invention provides a non-lead piezoelectric film having high crystalline orientation, the low dielectric loss, the high polarization-disappear temperature, the high piezoelectric constant, and the high linearity between an applied electric field and an amount of displacement. The present invention is a piezoelectric film comprising: a NaxLa1-x+yNi1-yO3-x layer having only an (001) orientation and a (1-?) (Bi, Na, Ba) TiO3-?BiQO3 layer having only an (001) orientation. The (1-?) (Bi, Na, Ba) TiO3-?BiQO3 layer is formed on the NaxLa1-x+yNi1-yO3-x layer. The character of Q represents Fe, Co, Zn0.5Ti0.5, or Mg0.5Ti0.5 The character of x represents a value of not less than 0.01 and not more than 0.05. The character of y represents a value of not less than 0.05 and not more than 0.20. The character of ? represents a value of not less than 0.20 and not more than 0.50.

Abstract: Provided is an NBT-BT lead-free piezoelectric film having a high crystalline orientation and a high piezoelectric constant. The present invention is a piezoelectric film comprising a NaxM1-x layer and a (Bi, Na)TiO3—BaTiO3 layer. The (Bi, Na) TiO3—BaTiO3 layer is formed on the NaxM1-x layer, where M represents Pt, Ir, or PtIr and x represents a value of not less than 0.002 and not more than 0.02. Both of the NaxM1-x layer and the (Bi, Na) TiO3—BaTiO3 layer have a (001) orientation only, a (110) orientation only, or a (111) orientation only.

Abstract: A piezoelectric film comprising comprises a (NaxBiy)TiO0.5x+1.5y+2—BaTiO3 layer with a (110) orientation, where 0.30?x?0.46 and 0.51?y?0.62, and the (NaxBiy)TiO0.5x+1.5y+2—BaTiO3 layer has composition around a Morphotropic Phase Boundary.

Abstract: A solar cell element comprising a p-side electrode; a p-type group III-group V compound semiconductor layer; an n-type group III-group V compound semiconductor layer; an n-side group III-group V compound electrode layer; and a VxZn1-x layer. The p-side electrode is electrically connected to the p-type group III-group V compound semiconductor layer. The p-type group III-group V compound semiconductor layer, the n-type group III-group V compound semiconductor layer, the n-side group III-group V compound electrode layer, and the VxZn1-x layer are stacked in this order. The VxZn1-x layer is in contact with the n-side group III-group V compound electrode layer; x represents a value of not less than 0.3 and not more than 0.99; and the VxZn1-x layer has a thickness of not less than 1 nanometer and not more than 5 nanometers.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide an angular velocity sensor capable of measuring an exact angular velocity, an ink jet head capable of producing an exact amount of ink, and a piezoelectric generating element capable of generating electric power due to positive piezoelectric effect. In the present invention, a piezoelectric film comprising a first electrode, a piezoelectric layer, and a second electrode is used. The first electrode comprises an electrode layer having a (001) orientation. The piezoelectric layer comprises a (NaxBiy)TiO0.5x+1.5y+2—BaTi03 layer (0.30?x?0.46 and 0.51?y?0.62) having a (001) orientation.