Abstract: A composite fiber having a core sheath-structure that includes a core portion having an electrically conductive material, and a sheath portion having a ceramic component covering the core portion. The composite fiber is constructed such that, when the core portion is connected to a ground, the sheath portion exhibits one of a positive surface potential or a negative surface potential over an entire surface of the sheath portion.

Abstract: A spun yarn that includes at least a first short fiber that is a piezoelectric fiber that generates a potential by applied external energy, and that has a length of 800 mm or less. The spun yarn preferably includes a plurality of short fibers that are twisted together with each other.

Abstract: A thread that includes a first fiber having at least one groove extending in a length direction thereof; and at least one second fiber constructed to generate a potential by external energy. The second fiber is disposed in a region corresponding to the groove of the first fiber such that a space is between the groove of the first fiber and the second fiber.

Abstract: A cylindrical structure including a first cloth including a piezoelectric thread that generates an electric potential from external energy, a second cloth including a piezoelectric thread that generates an electric potential from external energy, and a connection portion connecting the first cloth and the second cloth, wherein the first cloth and the second cloth forms a side face of the cylindrical structure.

Abstract: The on-resistance of each of the respective switches in an upper selection circuit is adjusted according to a reference gradation voltage of a reference gradation voltage line, to which each switch is connected, and a dividing resistance of a ladder resistance. A circuit configuration for the upper selection circuit and lower selection circuit is structured by the combination of an external logic type circuit and an internal logic type circuit. Thus, the colors of an image display apparatus can be controlled smoothly.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a polycrystalline silicon film having a particular field effect mobility is disclosed. A first polycrystalline silicon film is formed on a transparent insulation substrate. The surface of the silicon film is oxidized, and an amorphous silicon film is formed on the first polycrystalline silicon film and oxide layer. The amorphous silicon film is subjected to a solid phase growth process to be converted to a second polycrystalline silicon film. The field effect mobility of the second polycrystalline silicon film can be adjusted to a desired value by controlling the relative thicknesses of the first and second polycrystalline silicon films.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a polycrystalline silicon film having a particular field effect mobility is disclosed. A first polycrystalline silicon film is formed on a transparent insulation substrate. The surface of the silicon film is oxidized, and an amorphous silicon film is formed on the first polycrystalline silicon film and oxide layer. The amorphous silicon film is subjected to a solid phase growth process to be converted to a second polycrystalline silicon film. The field effect mobility of the second polycrystalline silicon film can be adjusted to a desired value by controlling the relative thicknesses of the first and second polycrystalline silicon films.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for conveying travelable bodies which are provided no driving source, on a fixed path. A plurality of travelable bodies can travel on the fixed path while aligned substantially in close contact with each other. Traveling power is transmitted to one of a plurality of travelable bodies which is positioned on at least one end of the alignment. The traveling power drives the travelable body with frictional force while pressing one side surface of the travelable body, and is transmitted to the travelable body while backing up the other side surface of the travelable body. A device to transmit traveling power is arranged on only a part of the fixed path.

Abstract: An intake passage for an internal combustion engine is provided on the downstream side of a throttle valve with a fuel injection nozzle connected through a fuel passage to a fuel pump and is additionally provided on the upstream side thereof with an air metering valve arranged to be turned towards its opening side according to increase in an intake negative pressure, and the fuel passage is provided with a fuel metering valve interposed therein. The fuel metering valve is formed into a slidable type spool valve, a valve body thereof is disposed in parallel with a valve body of the air metering valve and a lever is swingably supported at its middle portion and is in engagement at its one end with a cam mounted on a turning shaft of the air metering valve and is in engagement at its other end with a valve rod projecting from one end portion of the fuel metering valve.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having a plurality of in-line cylinders is provided with a series of exhaust pipes each connected to receive exhaust gases from one or more of the cylinders. A first reaction chamber receives exhaust gases from each of the exhaust pipes. A second reaction chamber extends along a first reaction chamber parallel with the line of cylinders, and has a wall in common with the first reaction chamber. A third reaction chamber surrounds and encloses the first and second reaction chambers and the exhaust pipes. An opening between the first and second reaction chambers is positioned near one of the exhaust pipes at the end of the series, and another opening between the second and third exhaust reaction chambers is positioned near an exhaust pipe at the other end of the series. This construction minimizes temperature drop in the long exhaust pipes at the ends of the series.