Abstract: An illumination system includes a light source device configured by an excitation light source, a light guiding member and a wavelength converter that are connected in order, and an operation check device. The system further includes: a connector configured to directly and physically connect the operation check device to a light signal emitting end which includes the wavelength converter; a detector configured to detect a light signal emitted from the light signal emitting end when the light signal emitting end and the operation check device are connected by the connector; and an operation determiner configured to determine the operations of the excitation light source, the light guiding member, and the wavelength converter by a detection result in the detector.

Abstract: A primary optical unit and a photodetector unit are arranged on a side of a optical branching unit, on which primary terminals are arranged, and a lightconversion unit, which receives primary light, converts the primary light into secondary light, and emits the secondary light, is arranged on a side of the optical branching unit, on which secondary terminals are arranged, to enable guiding of the primary light from the primary optical unit to the lightconversion unit and guiding of the secondary light from the lightconversion unit to the photodetector unit through optical fibers.

Abstract: An optical displacement detection apparatus includes a scale and a sensor head. The scale has a first and second pattern. The head includes a first photodetector that detects a beam through the first pattern and generates a first signal, and a second photodetector that detects the beam through the second pattern and generates a second signal. The first and second signals include a first component, and a second component that corresponds to an absolute displacement of the scale. The first pattern, the second pattern, the first photodetector, the second photodetector, and a beam source are disposed such that the detection of the first photodetector and the detection of the second photodetector are performed correlatively.

Abstract: An endoscopic system is a system which an insertion portion of an endoscope is inserted from an insertion opening of an object to observe an inner surface of the object. The endoscopic system includes an electromagnetic radiation unit configured to radiate electromagnetic waves, a detection section configured to detect the electromagnetic waves, and a determination section configured to determine whether the insertion portion is present in the object based on a detection result of the detection section. One of the electromagnetic radiation unit and the detection section is arranged outside the object, and the other is arranged at the insertion portion.

Abstract: A tubular insertion system includes an insertion unit including a bendable portion, a bending operation mechanism that operates the bendable portion. The tubular insertion system further includes a bending operation amount detection/calculation device that calculates bending operation amount information, a bent shape detection/calculation device that calculates bent shape information, and a first operation support information acquisition unit that acquires first operation support information based on at least one of the bending operation amount information and the bent shape information.

Abstract: A signal processing apparatus includes a first signal processing unit and a second signal processing unit. The first signal processing unit executes a first predetermined operation with respect to first and second signal groups and to extract a first component having a predetermined characteristic when an optical signal output device is in a normal state, the first signal group whose amplitude or direct current component gradually increases with a predetermined direction displacement of a displacement detection target, the second signal group whose amplitude or direct current component gradually decreases with the predetermined direction displacement of the displacement detection target. The second signal processing unit executes a second predetermined operation with respect to the first and second signal groups and to extract an output containing a second component, which is peculiar to an optional position of the displacement detection target.

Abstract: A series-connected multi-level power conversion device according to an aspect of embodiments includes a multi-winding transformer and a power conversion unit. The multi-winding transformer has a relationship that n secondary windings respectively connected to n single-phase power converters in the same output phase have a voltage phase difference of 60/n degrees and a relationship that the m secondary windings respectively connected to the m single-phase power converters corresponding to the m output phases have a voltage phase difference of 60/m degrees.

Abstract: A cylindrical packing case extending in an upper-lower direction, comprising an upper unit, a lower unit provided with a front side surface and a rear side surface in the circumferential direction, a pair of convex folding units upwardly extending from the front side surface and the rear side surface of the lower unit. A first weak line is provided along a first boundary between the upper unit and the convex folding unit, a second weak line is provided along a second boundary in the circumferential direction between the upper unit and the lower unit. A first folding ruled line is provided in the circumferential direction between the convex folding unit and the lower unit, and a second folding ruled line extending in the upper-lower direction continuing from between the front side surface and the rear side surface of the lower unit, is provided in the convex folding unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a metal cap which seals the mouth of a bottle for drinking or the like, and a bottle with the cap which is furnished therewith.

Abstract: A fiber light source includes an exciting light source to emit exciting light and an optical fiber to guide the exciting light. The optical fiber contains, in a portion in the longitudinal direction, phosphors that emit fluorescence in accordance with the application of exciting light. The optical fiber includes a high reflection film covering the outer surface of a portion through which fluorescence emitted from the phosphor travels.

Abstract: An optical encoder includes a light projecting portion, a light receiving portion, and a scale arranged between the light projecting portion and the light receiving portion. The scale includes a light guiding portion which allows light to transmit therethrough and has a light guiding function of guiding at least a part of the light projected by the light projecting portion in a direction vertical to thickness direction thereof through the light guiding portion. The light receiving portion receives the light guided by the scale and relatively moves with respect to the scale.

Abstract: A signal processing apparatus includes a phase shift unit and a signal processing unit. The phase shift unit shifts phases of at least one set of first periodic signals and second periodic signals. The first periodic signals are output from an optical signal output device connected to a displacement detection target and have amplitude gradually increasing with a displacement in a predetermined direction of the displacement detection target. The second periodic signals are output from the optical signal output device connected to the displacement detection target and have amplitude gradually decreasing with the displacement in the predetermined direction of the displacement detection target. The signal processing unit executes a predetermined operation with respect to the first and second periodic signals output from the phase shift unit to obtain a displacement of the displacement detection target.

Abstract: A matrix converter according to an embodiment includes a control unit generates a highest phase-to-phase voltage among load side phase-to-phase voltages by controlling bidirectional switches that connect phases with respect to the highest phase-to-phase voltage and phases with respect to a highest phase-to-phase voltage among AC-source side phase-to-phase voltages. Moreover, the control unit generates a middle phase-to-phase voltage among the load side phase-to-phase voltages by controlling bidirectional switches that connect phases with respect to the middle phase-to-phase voltage and phases with respect to a middle phase-to-phase voltage among the AC-source side phase-to-phase voltages.

Abstract: A series multiplex power conversion apparatus includes a plurality of phases. Each of the plurality of phases includes a plurality of power conversion cells coupled in series to each other. Each of the plurality of power conversion cells includes a current detector configured to detect a current through one phase among the plurality of phases corresponding to the current detector. Each of the plurality of power conversion cells is configured to independently stop a power conversion operation based on the current detected by the current detector.

Abstract: A light source device includes an excitation light source which generates excitation light, a fluorescent member containing a fluorescent substance which absorbs the excitation light to generate fluorescence, an emitting side optical member which is provided on an emitting end face of the fluorescent member, and a reflector which is provided on the side surface of the fluorescent member. The reflector has an optical property of reflecting the excitation light and the fluorescence. The emitting side optical member has an optical property of reflecting the excitation light and transmitting the fluorescence.

Abstract: An optical displacement detection apparatus includes a scale and a sensor head. The scale has a first and second pattern. The head includes a first photodetector that detects a beam through the first pattern and generates a first signal, and a second photodetector that detects the beam through the second pattern and generates a second signal. The first and second signals include a first component, and a second component that corresponds to an absolute displacement of the scale. The first pattern, the second pattern, the first photodetector, the second photodetector, and a beam source are disposed such that the detection of the first photodetector and the detection of the second photodetector are performed correlatively.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wet sheet flexible package 1, including a plurality of wet sheets 2 impregnated with a liquid; a film bag 3 that is a flexible film bag packaging the plurality of wet sheets 2 and including a dispensing opening 31; and a label 5 attached to a surface of the film bag 3, covering the dispensing opening 31, and being able to be peeled off. In the wet sheet flexible package 1, when the label 5 is peeled off from the film bag 3, the dispensing opening 31 is unsealed and an adhesive layer 53 is exposed around the dispensing opening 51 on the surface of the film bag 3. A substrate 54 is provided between the adhesive layer 53 and the surface of the film bag 3, and the substrate 54 is composed of a film having a higher compression strength than a film composing the film bag 53.

Abstract: A matrix converter includes a matrix converter main circuit, an input voltage detector group configured to detect an input voltage of an alternating current source, a gate driver configured to drive a bidirectional switch, and a controller having a pulse width modulation operation unit and a commutation operation unit. The pulse width modulation operation unit is configured to fix one output phase in a conduction state, configured to pulse-width-modulate one of remaining two output phases by using all three input phases, and configured to pulse-width-modulate the other output phase by using only two input phases of a reference input voltage and a middle input voltage.

Abstract: A multiplexed audio data decoder apparatus is provided in which integration of an audio decoder is easy, and has a high flexibility when the number of the formats to be processed is increased or when the specification is changed. In an external ROM 60 there are accumulated a plurality of decoding program codes corresponding to respective plural methods for compressing and encoding. A controller 50 transfers the decoding program code corresponding to the method for compressing and encoding after changing thereof, from the external ROM 60 to an internal RAM 25. A DSP 22 starts decoding processing by using the decoding program code which is transmitted into the internal RAM 25.

Abstract: A signal processing apparatus includes a phase shift unit and a signal processing unit. The phase shift unit shifts phases of at least one set of first periodic signals and second periodic signals. The first periodic signals are output from an optical signal output device connected to a displacement detection target and have amplitude gradually increasing with a displacement in a predetermined direction of the displacement detection target. The second periodic signals are output from the optical signal output device connected to the displacement detection target and have amplitude gradually decreasing with the displacement in the predetermined direction of the displacement detection target. The signal processing unit executes a predetermined operation with respect to the first and second periodic signals output from the phase shift unit to obtain a displacement of the displacement detection target.