Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds having positive dielectric anisotropy, characterized in that it comprises one or more compounds of the formula I 1

Abstract: Supertwist liquid crystal displays having very short switching times are obtained if the nematic liquid crystal mixture contains at least one component chosen from group A consisting of compounds of the formulae AI to AVI: wherein R1 and R2 in each case independently of one another are each R and R is alkyl having 1-12 C atoms, wherein one or two non-adjacent CH2 groups can also be replaced by —O—, —CH═CH—, —CO—, —O—CO— or —CO—O—, and up to four other components.

Abstract: 1,4-disubstituted 2,6-difluorobenzene compound of formula I wherein R is an alkyl or alkenyl radical, A1 and A2, in each case independently of one another, are (a) a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene radical in which a CH2 group may be replaced by —O— and/or —S, (b) a 1,4-phenylene radical in which a CH group may be replaced by N, (c) 1,4-cyclohexenylene, 1,4-bicyclo(2,2,2)octylene, piperidine-1,4-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, Z1 and Z2 are —CO—O—, —O—CO—, —CH2—O—, —OCH2—, —CH2CH2—, —CH═CH—, —C≡C— or a single bond m and n are 0, 1, 2 or 3, (m+n) is 1, 2 or 3, X is R or F, Cl, CF3, —OCF3, or —OCHF2, —OCF5, —CN or —NCS with the proviso that at least one of the radicals A1 and A2 present in the molecule is are suitable as components of liquid-c

Abstract: A liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy, characterized in that it contains one or more compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## in which R, Y, A.sup.1, A.sup.2, Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2, L.sup.1 and m are as defined herein.

Abstract: A liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy, including one or more compounds of the general formula I: ##STR1## in which, R is H, an alkyl or alkenyl radical having 1 or 2 to 15 carbon atoms respectively which is unsubstituted, monosubstituted by CN or .sub.CF. or at least monosubstituted by halogen, where one or more CH.sub.2 groups in these radicals may also, in each case independently of one another, be replaced by --O--, --S--, ##STR2## --CO--, --CO--O--, --O--CO--, or --O--CO--O-- in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another,m is 0 or 1,n is 0, 1 or 2, andm+n is 1, 2 or 3.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electro-optical liquid-crystal display having a realignment layer for realigning the liquid crystals whose field has a significant component parallel to the liquid-crystal layer and which contains a liquid-crystalline medium of positive dielectric anisotropy, where the medium comprises at least one mesogenic compound containing a 3,4,5-trifluorophenyl group and/or comprises at least one mesogenic compound [lacuna] a structural unit of the formula 2 ##STR1## in which A is O or CH,Z is --COO-- or a single bondL.sup.1 is F or, if A is O, is alternatively H, andL.sup.2 is H or F.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds having positive dielectric anisotropy, characterized in that it comprises one or more compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## in which R is H, an alkyl or alkenyl radical having 1 to 15 carbon atoms which is unsubstituted, monosubstituted by CN or CF.sub.3 or at least monosubstituted by halogen, it also being possible for one or more CH.sub.2 groups in these radicals to be replaced, in each case independently of one another, by --O--, --S-- ##STR2## --CO--, --CO--O--, --O--CO-- or --O--CO--O--in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another,Y is F, Cl, halogenated alkyl, alkenyl or alkoxy having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, andL.sup.1 is F.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electro-optical liquid-crystal display having a realignment layer for realigning the liquid crystals whose field has a significant component parallel to the liquid-crystal layer and which contains a liquid-crystalline medium of positive dielectric anisotropy, where the medium comprises at least one mesogenic compound of the formula II ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is H, an alkyl or alkenyl radical having 1 to 15 carbon atoms which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted or polysubstituted by halogen and in which one or more CH.sub.2 groups may each, independently of one another, be replaced by --O--, --S--, --CO--, --COO--, --OCO-- or --OCO--O-- in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electro-optical liquid-crystal display having a realignment layer for realigning the liquid crystals whose field has a significant component parallel to the liquid-crystal layer and which contains a liquid-crystalline medium of positive dielectric anisotropy, where the medium comprises at least one mesogenic compound and at least one alkenyl compound of formula I*.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electro-optical liquid-crystal display having a realignment layer for realigning the liquid crystals whose field has a significant component parallel to the liquid-crystal layer and which contains a liquid-crystalline medium of positive dielectric anisotropy, where the medium comprises at least one mesogenic compound containing a 3,4,5-trifluorophenyl group and/or comprises at least one mesogenic compound [lacuna] a structural unit of the formula 2 ##STR1## in which A is O or CH,z is --COO-- or a single bondL.sup.1 is F or, if A is O, is alternatively H, andL.sup.2 is H or F.

Abstract: Liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds having positive dielectric anisotropy, characterized in that it comprises one or more compounds of the general formula I, ##STR1## in which R is H, an alkyl or alkenyl radical having 1 to 15 carbon atoms which is unsubstituted by CN or CF.sub.3 or at least monosubstituted by halogen, it also being possible for one or more CH.sub.2 groups in these radicals to be replaced, in each case independently of one another, by --O--, --S--, ##STR2## --CO--, --CO--O--, O--CO-- or --O--CO--O-- in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another and additionally comprises one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the general formulae II, III, IV, V and VI defined herein.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy, characterized in that it contains one or more compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## in which R, A.sup.1, A.sup.2, Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2, X, L and m are as defined in Claim 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electro-optical liquid-crystal display having a realignment layer for realigning the liquid crystals whose field has a significant component parallel to the liquid-crystal layer and which contains a liquid-crystalline medium of positive dielectric anisotropy, where the medium comprises at least one mesogenic compound of the formula II ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is H, an alkyl or alkenyl radical having 1 to 15 carbon atoms which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted or polysubstituted by halogen and in which one or more CH.sub.2 groups may each, independently of one another, be replaced by --O--, --S--, --CO--, --COO--, --OCO-- or --OCO--O-- in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another.

Abstract: Novel phenylcyclohexanes of the formula I ##STR1## in which n is 0 to 7, Q.sup.1 and Q.sup.2 are H, or one of these radicals is alternatively CH.sub.3, r is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, A is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene or a single bond, X is F, Cl, --CF.sub.3, --CN, --OCF.sub.3 or --OCHF.sub.2, and Y and Z are each, independently of one another, H or F, with the proviso that, in the case where A is a single bond, Q.sup.1 =Q.sup.2 =H and simultaneously X=CN, Y and/or Z are F.

Abstract: Supertwist liquid crystal displays having very short switching times are obtained if the nematic liquid crystal mixture contains at least one component chosen from group A consisting of compounds of the formulae AI to AVI: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 in each case independently of one another are each R and R is alkyl having 1-12 C atoms, wherein one or two non-adjacent CH.sub.2 groups can also be replaced by --O--, --CH.dbd.CH--, --CO--, --O--CO-- or --CO--O--, and up to four other components.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy, characterized in that it contains one or more compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## in which Hal is fluorine or chlorine and R is alkyl, oxaalkyl, fluoroalkyl or alkenyl, in each case having up to 7 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of intramolecularly stabilized organometallic compounds as components in coordination catalyst systems, corresponding coordination catalyst systems and processes for the preparation of polymers by coordination polymerization of unsaturated hydrocarbons by catalysed metathesis of alkenes and alkynes using such coordination catalyst systems.

Abstract: Compounds of the formulaRG--A--INwherein IN is a photoinitiator basic structure A is a spacer group and RG is a functional reactive group can be employed as coreactive photoinitiators for photo-polymerization of systems containing ethylenically unsaturated compounds.

Abstract: Liquid-crystalline compounds of the formula I ##STR1## R is H, an alkyl or alkylene radical, Z.sup.1 and Z are each, independently of one another, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, --CH.dbd.CH--,--C.tbd.C-- or a single bond, and one of the radicals Z.sup.1 and Z is alternatively --(CH.sub.2).sub.4 -- or --CH.dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --,A is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene in which, in addition, one or two non-adjacent CH.sub.2 groups may be replaced by --O--,A.sup.1 is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene in which, in addition, one or two non-adjacent CH.sub.2 groups may be replaced by --O--, or is 1,4-phenylene which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted or disubstituted by fluorine and/or Cl atoms and in which, in addition, one or two CH groups may be replaced by N,W is --O--,Q is a single bond,m, o, s, r and t are as defined below,Y is F, Cl, OCF.sub.3, CHF.sub.2, OCHF.sub.2 or OCHF, and can be CF.sub.3,are suitable as components for liquid-crystalline media.

Abstract: Anisotropic compounds of the formula (1) specified in claim 1 are suitable, owing to their low .DELTA..epsilon./.epsilon..perp. values for liquid crystal displays which have high information densities of for examples up to 10.sup.6 image dots and accordingly need to be highly multiplexible; compared with known compounds they offer improved application properties and are relatively simple to synthesize.