Abstract: Bolaamphiphilic compounds are provided according to formula I: HG2 -L1-HG1 ??I where HG1, HG2 and L1 are as defined herein. Provided bolaamphilphilic compounds and the pharmaceutical compositions thereof are useful for delivering siRNA into animal or human cell.

Abstract: Bolaamphiphilic compounds are provided according to formula I: HG2-L1-HG1??I where HG1, HG2 and L1 are as defined herein. Provided bolaamphiphilic compounds and the pharmaceutical compositions thereof are useful for delivering imaging agents into animal or human brain.

Abstract: Bolaamphiphilic compounds are provided according to formula I: HG2-L1-HG1??I where HG1, HG2 and L1 are as defined herein. Provided bolaamphilphilic compounds and the pharmaceutical compositions thereof are useful for delivering GDNF or NGF into animal or human brain.

Abstract: Bolaamphiphilic compounds are provided according to formula I: HG2-L1-HG1??I where HG1, HG2 and L1 are as defined herein. Provided bolaamphiphilic compounds and the pharmaceutical compositions thereof are useful for delivering HIV active drugs into animal or human brain.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed at least in part to compositions and methods comprising nicotinic agonists for treating e.g., nervous system disorders, in particular, to combination therapies that include a nicotinic agonist (for example, nicotine) and a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor desensitization inhibitor (for example, opipramol).

Abstract: The disclosure is directed at least in part to compositions and methods comprising nicotinic agonists for treating e.g., nervous system disorders, in particular, to combination therapies that include a nicotinic agonist (for example, nicotine) and a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor desensitization inhibitor (for example, opipramol).

Abstract: Method for the preparation of nano- and mesosized particles consisting of a lipid layer comprising at least one amphiphile and a core of an inorganic compound and/or a metal, comprising: (i) dissolving in a common solvent at least one self-aggregating amphiphile with at least one inorganic, organometallic or metallorganic precursor of said inorganic compound or metal; and (ii) either injecting the resulting solution into an aqueous solution or drying the resulting solution and re-hydrating it, so as to form particles in which the precursor is encapsulated by the amphiphile(s) and is converted therein to said inorganic compound and/or metallic solid form.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed at least in part to compositions and methods comprising nicotinic agonists for treating e.g., nervous system disorders, in particular, to combination therapies that include a nicotinic agonist (for example, nicotine) and a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor desensitization inhibitor (for example, opipramol).

Abstract: Nano-sized particles are provided comprising at least one multi-headed amphiphilic compound, in which at least one headgroup of said multi-headed amphiphilic compound is selectively cleavable or contains a selectively cleavable group, and at least one biologically active agent, which is both encapsulated within the nano-particle and non-covalently associated thereto.

Abstract: Amphiphilic derivatives composed of at least one fatty acid chain are derived from natural vegetable oils such as vernonia oil, lesquerella oil and castor oil, in which the several reactive groups such as epoxy, hydroxy and double bonds can be modified to polar and ionic groups. The head group of the amphiphilic derivative may be in the main fatty acid chain or in a side chain. The amphiphiles are useful for the formation of vesicles and micelles and for use as complexants and surfactants.

Abstract: An amphiphilic compound is provided capable of forming vesicles or liposomes, said amphiphilic compound having at least one headgroup containing a selectively cleavable group or moiety such as a residue of a choline or phenylalanine derivative, and at least one hydrogen-bonding group located either within said headgroup and/or in close proximity thereto. The cleavable group or moiety is cleaved under selective conditions including change of chemical, physical or biological environment and is preferably cleaved enzymatically in a biological environment such as the brain or the blood. Vesicles or liposomes made from said amphiphilic compounds are suitable for delivery of a therapeutic substance or a diagnostic agent specifically to a target organ or tissue, or for delivery of a nucleic acid for gene therapy.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed at least in part to compositions and methods comprising nicotinic agonists for treating e.g., nervous system disorders, in particular, to combination therapies that include a nicotinic agonist (for example, nicotine) and a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor desensitization inhibitor (for example, opipramol).

Abstract: Method for the preparation of nano- and mesosized particles consisting of a lipid layer comprising at least one amphiphile and a core of an inorganic compound and/or a metal, comprising: (i) dissolving in a common solvent at least one self-aggregating amphiphile with at least one inorganic, organometallic or metallorganic precursor of said inorganic compound or metal; and (ii) either injecting the resulting solution into an aqueous solution or drying the resulting solution and re-hydrating it, so as to form particles in which the precursor is encapsulated by the amphiphile(s) and is converted therein to said inorganic compound and/or metallic solid form.

Abstract: An amphiphilic compound is provided capable of forming vesicles or liposomes, said amphiphilic compound having at least one headgroup containing a selectively cleavable group or moiety such as a residue of a choline or phenylalanine derivative, and at least one hydrogen-bonding group located either within said headgroup and/or in close proximity thereto. The cleavable group or moiety is cleaved under selective conditions including change of chemical, physical or biological environment and is preferably cleaved enzymatically in a biological environment such as the brain or the blood. Vesicles or liposomes made from said amphiphilic compounds are suitable for delivery of a therapeutic substance or a diagnostic agent specifically to a target organ or tissue, or for delivery of a nucleic acid for gene therapy.

Abstract: Amphiphilic derivatives composed of at least one fatty acid chain are derived from natural vegetable oils such as vernonia oil, lesquerella oil and castor oil, in which the several reactive groups such as epoxy, hydroxy and double bonds can be modified to polar and ionic groups. The head group of the amphiphilic derivative may be in the main fatty acid chain or in a side chain. The amphiphiles are useful for the formation of vesicles and micelles and for use as complexants and surfactants.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition for treatment of Parkinson's disease comprising a compound of levodopa dissolved in a non-degradative solvent which allows transdermal administrtion of levodopa. The compound of levodopa is an alkyl-ester of levodopa and the solvent is a formulation comprising a substantially non-aqueous solvent, a transdermal enchancer and a detergent. The alkyl-ester of levodopa is preferably levodopa-ethyl-ester (LDEE).

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition for treatment of Parkinson's disease comprising a compound of levodopa dissolved in a non-degradative solvent which allows transdermal administrtion of levodopa. The compound of levodopa is an alkyl-ester of levodopa and the solvent is a formulation comprising a substantially non-aqueous solvent, a transdermal enhancer and a detergent. The alkyl-ester of levodopa is preferably levodopa-ethyl-ester (LDEE).

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition is disclosed comprising (-)-cis-2-methylspiro(1,3-oxathiolan-5,3')quinuclidine, and/or the pharmaceutically compatible acid addition salts thereof, together with at least one of physostigmine, tetrahydroaminoacridine, choline, lecithin, piracetam, aniracetam, pramiracetam, oxiracetam, 4-aminopyridine, 3,4-diaminopyridine, somatostatin, pirenzepine, N-methylatropine, N-butylscopolamine, scopolamine, clonidine, quanfamicine and Nerve Growth Factor. Also disclosed is a method for treating senile dementia of Alzheimer's type, which comprises coadministering to a patient in need thereof an effective dose of the spiro compound together with at least one other compound selected from those listed above.

Abstract: Quinuclidine derivatives having the general formula (I) ##STR1## and geometrical isomers, enantiomers, diastereoisomers, racemates and/or acid addition salts thereof, wherein Z represents the group >CR.sup.1 R.sup.2 or two hydrogen atoms; and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which may be identical or different, are each alkyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, aryl, or diarylmethylol, or alkyl which is substituted by one or more aryl groups, or one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may be hydrogen.