Abstract: A method for storing data multi-level cell (MLC) memory includes receiving data to be stored. The received data is divided into units of x bits, where x is an integer greater than or equal to 3. Each of the units of x bits is stored over a span of y memory cells of the MLC memory. Here, y is an integer greater than or equal to 2. At least one bit of each of the x bits is stored only partially in a first memory cell of the span of y memory cells and the at least one bit is also stored, only partially, in a second memory cell of the span of y memory cells such that the at least one bit cannot be interpreted without reading both the first and second memory cell of the span of y memory cells.

Abstract: A flash memory device includes physical pages that store data sectors therein. The method of operating the flash memory device includes receiving write data sectors to be stored in the flash memory device, pairing the write data sectors with write data sectors and with written data sectors previously stored in physical pages of the flash memory device based upon a matching and deduplication operation to define data sector pairs and a difference therebetween, and rewriting to the physical pages of the flash memory device, in a partial-page writing mode, to store the difference between the write data sector and its respective paired data sector. The partial-page writing mode is performed on a respective physical page after a previous programming and before erasing. The written data sectors included in the data sector pairs only partially occupy the corresponding physical page of the flash memory device.

Abstract: A memory system includes a memory controller; and a memory device, the memory device including a memory cell array, the memory cell array including least a first memory page having a plurality of memory cells storing a plurality of stored bits, the memory controller being such that, the memory controller performs a first hard read operation on the first memory page to generate a plurality of read bits corresponding to the plurality of stored bits, and if the memory controller determines to change a value of one of a first group of bits, from among the plurality of read bits, the memory controller selects one of the first group of bits based on log likelihood ratio (LLR) values corresponding, respectively, to each of the first group of bits, and changes the value of the selected bit.

Abstract: A method, executed by a processor, for determining similarity between messages includes calculating a syndrome of each of first and second messages with respect to a linear code. A difference between the syndromes of the first and second messages is calculated, and a vector that minimizes a metric in a coset defined by the syndrome difference is identified. A compact representation of the second message that is based upon the first message is generated when a metric of the identified vector is less than or equal to a predetermined threshold. The compact representation of the second message is stored in a location of a memory device assigned for storing the second message, when the metric of the identified vector is less than or equal to the predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A data storage device includes a flash memory that includes blocks of physical pages that include physical sectors configured to store data therein. A memory control unit, including a flash translation layer (FTL), is configured to receive write data sectors to be stored in the flash memory, determine at least one matched data sector by matching a write data sector with a reference data sector based upon a deduplication operation, and store the reference data sector corresponding to the matched data sector in a physical sector of a physical page of a block in the flash memory. Logical-to-physical addresses of the reference data sector and the corresponding matched data sector are mapped in the FTL, and physical-to-logical information regarding the corresponding matched data sector is written in a designated physical-to-logical information area of the flash memory.

Abstract: A flash memory device includes physical pages that store data sectors therein. The method of operating the flash memory device includes receiving write data sectors to be stored in the flash memory device, pairing the write data sectors with write data sectors and with written data sectors previously stored in physical pages of the flash memory device based upon a matching and deduplication operation to define data sector pairs and a difference therebetween, and rewriting to the physical pages of the flash memory device, in a partial-page writing mode, to store the difference between the write data sector and its respective paired data sector. The partial-page writing mode is performed on a respective physical page after a previous programming and before erasing. The written data sectors included in the data sector pairs only partially occupy the corresponding physical page of the flash memory device.

Abstract: A method, executed by a processor, for determining similarity between messages includes calculating a syndrome of each of first and second messages with respect to a linear code. A difference between the syndromes of the first and second messages is calculated, and a vector that minimizes a metric in a coset defined by the syndrome difference is identified. A compact representation of the second message that is based upon the first message is generated when a metric of the identified vector is less than or equal to a predetermined threshold. The compact representation of the second message is stored in a location of a memory device assigned for storing the second message, when the metric of the identified vector is less than or equal to the predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A memory system includes a memory controller; and a memory device, the memory device including a memory cell array, the memory cell array including least a first memory page having a plurality of memory cells storing a plurality of stored bits, the memory controller being such that, the memory controller performs a first hard read operation on the first memory page to generate a plurality of read bits corresponding to the plurality of stored bits, and if the memory controller determines to change a value of one of a first group of bits, from among the plurality of read bits, the memory controller selects one of the first group of bits based on log likelihood ratio (LLR) values corresponding, respectively, to each of the first group of bits, and changes the value of the selected bit.

Abstract: Systems and methods of determining a similarity between data units in a nonvolatile memory are disclosed. One method includes obtaining first and second data units and dividing the first and second data units into a first plurality of non-overlapping chunks of data and a second plurality of non-overlapping chunks of data. The method further includes determining a first plurality of values and a second plurality of values associated with the chunks, and determining a similarity between the first second data units based on the first plurality values and of the second plurality of values. In one example embodiment, a similarity between an incoming data unit and another data unit is determined based on the number of buckets storing an incoming index value and another index value associated with the another data unit. A plurality of buckets in a table is determined based on a selected plurality of hash values.

Abstract: At least one example embodiment discloses a method of controlling a nonvolatile memory device including a plurality of blocks, each block including a plurality of physical pages. The method includes receiving a plurality of logical pages associated with a first plurality of logical addresses, respectively, and writing the first plurality of logical pages to the plurality physical addresses according to an ascending order of the logical addresses of the first plurality of logical pages.

Abstract: A method for protecting encoded data from algebraic manipulation includes receiving a data word s?Kd to be protected, randomly selecting two integers a ?{0, . . . , q?1} and b ?{0, . . . , ?q?1}, finding a point (?, ?) on a Hermitian curve over a field Fq that corresponds to the randomly selected integers (a, b) from a mapping (a, b)(?, ?)=(ua, ua?q+1z+vb), where u a := { 0 if ? ? a = 0 , ? 1 a - 1 otherwise , ? V b := { 0 if ? ? b = 0 , ? 2 b - 1 otherwise , and z is an element of the field Fq of unit trace, and where ?1 is a fixed primitive element of the field Fq and ?2 is a primitive element of a field F?q?Fq, and calculating a sum fs(?, ?)=?id+1?jd+1+?k=1d?ik?kjk for a set of d+1 integers pairs I ={(ik,jk)}k=1d+1, where the encoded word is a triple (s, (?, ?),fs(?, ?)).

Abstract: At least one example embodiment discloses a method of controlling a nonvolatile memory device including a plurality of blocks, each block including a plurality of physical pages. The method includes receiving a plurality of logical pages associated with a first plurality of logical addresses, respectively, and writing the first plurality of logical pages to the plurality physical addresses according to an ascending order of the logical addresses of the first plurality of logical pages.

Abstract: At least one example embodiment discloses a method of determining a similarity in a nonvolatile memory. The method includes obtaining first data and second data units, the first data unit divided into a first plurality of non-overlapping chunks of data and the second data unit divided into a second plurality of non-overlapping chunks of data, determining a first plurality of values associated with the first plurality of chunks and a second plurality of values associated with the second plurality of chunks and determining a similarity between the first data unit and the second data unit based on whether any of the first plurality of values equals any of the second plurality of values.

Abstract: A method for protecting encoded data from algebraic manipulation includes receiving a data word s?Kd to be protected, randomly selecting two integers a?{0, . . . , q?1} and b?{0, . . . , ?q?1}, finding a point (?, ?) on a Hermitian curve over a field Fq that corresponds to the randomly selected integers (a, b) from a mapping (a, b)(?, ?)=(ua, ua?q+1z+vb), where u a := { 0 if ? ? a = 0 , ? 1 a - 1 otherwise , ? ? V b := { 0 if ? ? b = 0 , ? 2 b - 1 otherwise , and z is an element of the field Fq of unit trace, and where ?1 is a fixed primitive element of the field Fq and ?2 is a primitive element of a field F?q?Fq, and calculating a sum fs(?, ?)=?id+1?jd+1+?k=1d?ik?kjk or a set of d+1 integers pairs I={(ik,jk)}k=1d+1, where the encoded word is a triple (s, (?, ?),fs(?, ?)).