Abstract: A bipolar plate and regenerative fuel cell stacks including the bipolar plates and membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) alternately stacked. The bipolar plate comprises a plate main body formed of an electrically conductive material. The plate main body has a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface. Each surface has reaction flow channels through which fluids pass. The reaction flow channels on the first surface have a plurality of ribs therebetween forming an interdigitate flow field pattern. The reaction flow channels on the second surface have a plurality of ribs therebetween forming an interdigitate flow field pattern or a flow field pattern different from an interdigitate flow field pattern, e.g., a serpentine flow field pattern.

Abstract: A catalyst composition comprising at least one precious metal, wherein the catalyst composition is capable of catalyzing, in the presence of a halogen ion or a mixture of halogen ions, a charging reaction and a discharging reaction in a regenerative fuel cell. This disclosure relates to electrodes comprising those catalysts that are useful in fuel cells. The catalysts are active towards hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) and porous electrodes are made in a process designed to control their porosity. The catalysts and electrodes are employed in regenerative fuel cells comprising hydrogen and halogen acid or mixture of halogen acids. The catalysts are particularly useful in hydrogen/bromine reduction/oxidation reactions. The catalysts exhibit highly acceptable life and performance.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to energy storage and generation systems, e.g., combination of flow battery and hydrogen fuel cell, that exhibit operational stability in harsh environments, e.g., both charging and discharging reactions in a regenerative fuel cell in the presence of a halogen ion or a mixture of halogen ions. This disclosure also relates to energy storage and generation systems that are capable of conducting both hydrogen evolution reactions (HERs) and hydrogen oxidation reactions (HORs) in the same system. This disclosure further relates to energy storage and generation systems having low cost, fast response time, and acceptable life and performance.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to electrochemical systems, e.g., a combination of an electrical energy source and an electrical energy storage system having a regenerative fuel cell system, that exhibit operational stability in harsh environments, e.g., both charging and discharging reactions in a regenerative fuel cell in the presence of an acid or a mixture of acids, or a halogen ion or a mixture of halogen ions. The electrochemical systems are capable of conducting both hydrogen evolution reactions (HERs) and hydrogen oxidation reactions (HORs) in the same system. The electrochemical systems have low cost, fast response time, and acceptable life and performance. This disclosure also relates to methods of operating the electrochemical systems containing a regenerative fuel cell system.

Abstract: An electrical energy storage device (20,70) includes a substrate (22), which is formed so as to define a multiplicity of micro-containers separated by electrically-insulating and ion-conducting walls (32). A first plurality of anodes (A) is disposed in a first subset (24) of the micro-containers, and a second plurality of cathodes (C) is disposed in a second subset (26) of the micro-containers. The anodes and cathodes are arranged in an interlaced pattern.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved, low-cost fuel cells having reduced fuel crossover, reduced sensitivity to metal ion impurities and ability to operate under a broad range of temperatures. The invention further provides improved methods for catalyst preparation and a new integrated flow field system for use in H2/O2 fuel cells.

Abstract: Osteogenesis and osseointegration promotion and maintenance devices for osseous implants include an implant member having a first electrode, an inlaid second electrode positioned on the member so that it is electrically isolated from and substantially flush with the member surface, and an electrical stimulation mechanism preferably located at the member and operative to provide electrical stimulation signals to endosseous tissue surrounding the implant through the first and second electrodes. The first electrode may be the member itself or a second inlaid electrode. The implant is thus electrically functionalized for osteogenesis and osseointgration acceleration. The device is applicable to both non-dental and dental implants. In all embodiments, the use of inlaid electrode(s) enables the general appearance, external surface and mechanical integrity of the implant to be left essentially unchanged.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cathode and a fuel cell, which are built to prevent escape of liquids, e.g. water and fuel solution, from the cell. Thus, according to a first aspect thereof, the present invention provides a cathode suitable for use in a fuel cell having a proton conducting membrane, the cathode comprising a plurality of layers including a catalyst layer and a hydrophobic porous support layer, wherein at least one of said plurality of layers is a liquid water leak-proof layer, which allows gas to pass through it and prevents passage of liquid water and/or aqueous fuel solution.

Abstract: Osteogenesis and osseointegration promotion and maintenance devices for osseous implants include an implant member having a first electrode, an inlaid second electrode positioned on the member so that it is electrically isolated from and substantially flush with the member surface, and an electrical stimulation mechanism preferably located at the member and operative to provide electrical stimulation signals to endosseous tissue surrounding the implant through the first and second electrodes. The first electrode may be the member itself or a second inlaid electrode. The implant is thus electrically functionalized for osteogenesis and osseointgration acceleration. The device is applicable to both non-dental and dental implants. In all embodiments, the use of inlaid electrode(s) enables the general appearance, external surface and mechanical integrity of the implant to be left essentially unchanged.

Abstract: A method, including placing a substrate of a battery in a bath consisting of a metal M chosen from a metal group consisting of Fe, Ni, Co, Cu, W, V, and Mn, an oxidant selected from an oxidant group consisting of oxygen and sulfur, and a polymer. The method also includes applying an electrical current so as to form on the substrate a metal M compound cathode having a nanoscale grain structure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cathode and a fuel cell, which are built to prevent escape of liquids, e.g. water and fuel solution, from the cell. Thus, according to a first aspect thereof, the present invention provides a cathode suitable for use in a fuel cell having a proton conducting membrane, the cathode comprising a plurality of layers including a catalyst layer and a hydrophobic porous support layer, wherein at least one of said plurality of layers is a liquid water leak-proof layer, which allows gas to pass through it and prevents passage of liquid water and/or aqueous fuel solution.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cathode and a fuel cell, which are built to prevent escape of liquids, e.g. water and fuel solution, from the cell. Thus, according to a first aspect thereof, the present invention provides a cathode suitable for use in a fuel cell having a proton conducting membrane, the cathode comprising a plurality of layers including a catalyst layer and a hydrophobic porous support layer, wherein at least one of said plurality of layers is a liquid water leak-proof layer, which allows gas to pass through it and prevents passage of liquid water and/or aqueous fuel solution.

Abstract: An electrical energy storage device includes a substrate having an outer surface and having a plurality of cavities communicating with the outer surface. The cavities have interior cavity surfaces. A first electrode layer is deposited at least over the interior cavity surfaces. An electrolyte separator layer is formed over the first electrode layer so as to fill the cavities and to extend over the outer surface of the planar substrate. A second electrode layer is formed over the electrolyte separator layer on the outer surface of the planar substrate.

Abstract: An electrical energy storage device (20,70) includes a substrate (22), which is formed so as to define a multiplicity of micro-containers separated by electrically-insulating and ion-conducting walls (32). A first plurality of anodes (A) is disposed in a first subset (24) of the micro-containers, and a second plurality of cathodes (C) is disposed in a second subset (26) of the micro-containers. The anodes and cathodes are arranged in an interlaced pattern.

Abstract: An electrical energy storage device (20) includes a microchannel plate (MCP) (22) having channels (24) formed therein, the channels having surface areas. Thin films (26) are formed over the surface areas and define an anode (34,38), a cathode (34,38), and a solid electrolyte (36) disposed between the anode and the cathode.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved, low-cost fuel cells having reduced fuel crossover, reduced sensitivity to metal ion impurities and ability to operate under a broad range of temperatures. The invention further provides improved methods for catalyst preparation and a new integrated flow field system for use in H2/O2 fuel cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved, low-cost fuel cells having reduced fuel crossover, reduced sensitivity to metal ion impurities and ability to operate under a broad range of temperatures. The invention further provides improved methods for catalyst preparation and a new integrated flow field system for use in H2/O2 fuel cells.

Abstract: Thin-film micro-electrochemical energy storage cells (MEESC) such as microbatteries and double-layer capacitors (DLC) are provided. The MEESC comprises two thin layer electrodes, an intermediate thin layer of a solid electrolyte and optionally, a fourth thin current collector layer; said layers being deposited in sequence on a surface of a substrate. The MEESC is characterized in that the substrate is provided with a plurality of through cavities of arbitrary shape, with high aspect ratio. By using the substrate volume, an increase in the total electrode area per volume is accomplished.

Abstract: Thin-film micro-electrochemical energy storage cells (MEESC) such as microbatteries and double-layer capacitors (DLC) are provided. The MEESC comprises two thin layer electrodes, an intermediate thin layer of a solid electrolyte and optionally, a fourth thin current collector layer; said layers being deposited in sequence on a surface of a substrate. The MEESC is characterized in that the substrate is provided with a plurality of through cavities of arbitrary shape, with high aspect ratio. By using the substrate volume, an increase in the total electrode area per volume is accomplished.

Abstract: Thin-film micro-electrochemical energy storage cells (MEESC) such as microbatteries and double-layer capacitors (DLC) are provided. The MEESC comprises two thin layer electrodes, an intermediate thin layer of a solid electrolyte and optionally, a fourth thin current collector layer; said layers being deposited in sequence on a surface of a substrate. The MEESC is characterized in that the substrate is provided with a plurality of through cavities of arbitrary shape, with high aspect ratio. By using the substrate volume, an increase in the total electrode area per volume is accomplished.