Abstract: A method is provided for defining a metadata box of a neural network representation (NNR) item data, wherein the NNR item data comprises an NNR bitstream; and defining an association between the NNR item data and an NNR configuration by using a configuration item property, wherein the NNR configuration item property comprises information about stored NNR item data. Corresponding apparatuses and computer program products are also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus includes at least one processor; and at least one non-transitory memory including computer program code; wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: estimate an importance of parameters of a neural network based on a graph diffusion process over at least one layer of the neural network; determine the parameters of the neural network that are suitable for pruning or sparsification; remove neurons of the neural network to prune or sparsify the neural network; and provide at least one syntax element for signaling the pruned or sparsified neural network over a communication channel, wherein the at least one syntax element comprises at least one neural network representation syntax element.

Abstract: A method is provided for defining a metadata box of a neural network representation (NNR) item data, wherein the NNR item data comprises an NNR bitstream; and defining an association between the NNR item data and an NNR configuration by using a configuration item property, wherein the NNR configuration item property comprises information about stored NNR item data. Corresponding apparatuses and computer program products are also provided.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product are provided to signaling multiple media data types in a container file format, for example, ISOBMFF, in an efficient manner. In the context of a signaling method, media type definitions overloaded in an instance a plurality of media type definitions is present in compatible media type list, wherein a media type definition is associated with a media type. The method then indicates, using the compatible media type list, presence of a plurality of media types in a metadata or multimedia box. Corresponding apparatuses and computer program products are also provided.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product are provided to include information within a container that also includes a video bitstream as to whether individual image items corresponding to the video frames of the video bitstream bitstreams are self-decodable or, alternatively, are dependent upon one or more other image items. In an instance in which a respective image item is dependent upon one or more other image items, the method, apparatus and computer program product also include dependence information within the container identifying the other image item(s)upon which the decodability of the respective image item is dependent. As such, the method, apparatus and computer program product permit decoding relationships to be defined in the container between a predictively coded frame and other image item(s)upon which the predictively coded frame is dependent, thereby facilitating the decoding of the frame and, in turn, the video bitstream.

Abstract: The embodiments relate to a method for writing, in a container file, two or more subpicture tracks; writing, in the container file, a base track, which is intended to be resolved into a video bitstream; indicating, in the base track, a layout of subpictures; writing, in the container file, a sample group description entry indicative of a first subpicture track or a group of subpicture tracks for each subpicture position in the layout of subpictures, wherein the first subpicture track includes the subpicture sequence for the respective subpicture position and wherein any track among the group of subpicture tracks includes a valid subpicture sequence for the respective subpicture position; and indicating in the container file, samples of the base track for which the sample group description entry is intended to be used for reconstructing the video bitstream. The embodiments also relate to a method for parsing, as well as technical equipment for implementing the method for writing and the method for parsing.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product create a media presentation description with a first representation set and a second representation set. The first representation set belongs to a first adaptation set and the second representation set belongs to a second adaptation set and the first representation set is associated with the first media entity and the second representation set is associated with the second media entity. The method, apparatus and computer program product encode, in the media presentation description, an adaptation and representation grouping descriptor. The adaptation and representation grouping descriptor groups the first representation set with the second representation set based on the grouping type.

Abstract: Described embodiments include methods and techniques for creating media container files. An exemplary method comprises steps wherein, instead of estimating the size of a media segment header based on the segment duration, identified media data boxes are used. In the method, an identified media data element is written in a container file. Included into the identified data element, an identifier is used as a reference for the identified media data of the segment by other elements. The identifier can be a first movie fragment sequence number, or a first track fragment decode time.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product are provided to signal grouping types in an image container file. Relative to the construction of an image container file, the method, apparatus and computer program product construct an image container file having a group box with a grouping type associated with burst-captured images, time-synchronized images captured by a plurality of image capture devices or an image item associated with an audio track. With respect to the processing of an image container file, the method, apparatus and computer program product permit an image container file having a group box with a grouping type associated with one of burst-captured images, time-synchronized images captured by a plurality of image capture devices or an image item associated with an audio track to be processed to cause one or more image items from the image container file to be rendered in accordance with the grouping type.

Abstract: A method comprising: encoding video media content into at least a first representation and a second representation, wherein the first representation comprises a switchable inter-coded picture, wherein the switchable picture has a first characteristic that no pictures preceding the switchable picture in decoding order are used as reference pictures for any non-switchable pictures following the switchable picture in decoding order; and the second representation comprises one or more decoder reset pictures aligned with the switchable pictures of the first representation, wherein the frame rate of the second representation is smaller than or equal to the frame rate of the first representation and the resolutions of the first and the second representation are equal.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising: at least one processor; and at least one non-transitory memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: indicate a mixed network abstraction layer unit type pictures sample group used to merge video base tracks having a subpicture track; indicate a sample group description entry of the mixed network abstraction layer unit type pictures sample group, the sample group description entry indicating a group of pairs of mixed network abstraction layer unit type track reference indices, which reference video subpicture tracks or track groups; and wherein when a video bitstream is resolved from a video base track containing a mixed network abstraction layer unit type sample group with merging pairs of video subpicture tracks signaled in a mixed network abstraction layer unit type pictures sample group entry, then there is mixing of different network abstraction layer unit types.

Abstract: A method is provided for defining a metadata box of a neural network representation (NNR) item data, wherein the NNR item data comprises an NNR bitstream; and defining an association between the NNR item data and an NNR configuration by using a configuration item property, wherein the NNR configuration item property comprises information about stored NNR item data. Corresponding apparatuses and computer program products are also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus includes at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code; wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: indicate an extraction reference map entry used to assign a group identifier to at least one extraction reference, the extraction reference map entry indicating a subpicture layout; wherein the at least one extraction reference causes extraction of a network abstraction layer unit data by reference from another track; wherein the at least one extraction reference comprises an index of a track reference having a subpicture type within a subpicture order sample group description entry; and indicate, using the at least one extraction reference, subpictures or slices of a coded picture in decoding order.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product to signal and store various segment properties in omnidirectional media, including sizes, priority ranks, and the like. The method, apparatus and computer program product access one or more media segments (30). The one or more media segments includes media data configured for streaming playback. The method, apparatus and computer program product access size information (32) or priority rank information of one or more tiles for each of the one or more media segments. The method, apparatus and computer program product encode the size information (34) or priority rank information for each of the one or more media segments in a media file within one or more metadata tracks associated with the one or more media segments or one or more sub-segments associated with the one or more media segments.

Abstract: Feature information is received from a client device and describes extended reality scene(s) in an extended reality (ER) environment at the client device. An ER description is formed in an ER description format corresponding to the feature information and is stored. Some of the stored ER description format is provided in a representational format upon request of the client device or other client devices viewing the one or more ER scenes and assisting the positioning of corresponding client devices in the ER environment. A client device captures environmental visual data and generates feature information, describing ER scene(s) in an extended reality environment at the client device, from the environmental visual data, and sends the generated feature information toward a server. A client device can localize itself in a 3D environment of an ER description, and generate ER anchors and objects, link them, and send them to a server.

Abstract: The embodiments relate to a method, including writing a first and a second media entity in a container file; creating a media presentation description (MPD) with a first and a second Representation; the Representations belonging to Adaptation Sets; the Representations being associated with the media entities of the container file; when one of the Representations belongs to a media entity which is a thumbnail to a viewpoint or a thumbnail to an overlay, the method includes writing in the MPD file an association/correspondence/grouping information of the said one Representation with another Representation belonging to a media entity which is a viewpoint or an overlay, correspondingly. The embodiments also relate to a method for parsing, and technical equipment for implementing the methods.

Abstract: A user equipment, media control unit, media resource function, or another device or function capable of receiving, manipulating, and transmitting data may be configured to: receive an omnidirectional video; determine a viewport of a user equipment; determining a delivery mode; determine a region of the omnidirectional video based, at least partially, on the determined viewport and the determined delivery mode; encode the determined region; packetizing the encoded region; and transmit the packetized region to the user equipment based, at least partially, on the determined delivery mode.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product are provided to signaling multiple media data types in a container file format, for example, ISOBMFF, in an efficient manner. In the context of a signaling method, media type definitions overloaded in an instance a plurality of media type definitions is present in compatible media type list, wherein a media type definition is associated with a media type. The method then indicates, using the compatible media type list, presence of a plurality of media types in a metadata or multimedia box. Corresponding apparatuses and computer program products are also provided.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product are provided to store and signal pre-derivation properties in an image container file (24, 26). Relative to the construction of image package comprising an image container file, the method, apparatus and computer program product assign a pre-derivation property identifier data structure identifying one or more pre-derivation properties of one or more pre-derived images (22). With respect to the processing of an image container file, the method, apparatus and computer program product permit an image container file and a pre-derivation property identifier data structure identifying one or more pre-derivation properties of one or more pre-derived images in the image be processed to cause one or more pre-derived image items from the image container file to be rendered or edited and regenerated in accordance with the pre-derivation properties.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product describing groups of overlays, such as semantically correlated overlays, to background media content. In the context of a method, a group of overlays to background media content is defined by metadata (60). The overlays include semantically correlated overlays having alternative overlays representing content with different levels of detail or overlays providing different choices of content. The method also includes receiving client selection of a respective overlay from a group of overlays (62). In response to the client selection, the method causes the respective overlay to be provided. The respective overlay is received (64) for presentation concurrent with background media content (68).