Abstract: In the art of pigmenting high molecular weight organic materials there is a long-felt need for high-hiding organic red pigments, in particular yellowish red pigments, which are increasingly used to replace the ecologically unsafe inorganic red pigments. However, this gap in the market cannot be satisfactorily filled by using the tetrachloroperylenetetracarboximide pigments known for the aforementioned purpose.According to the invention, it has now been found that a chlorine content of .ltoreq.25% in such chlorinated perylimides confers remarkable coloristic properties on the pigments thus produced, so that these pigments are superior in hiding powder and masstone to the tetrachloroperylimide compounds described. Accordingly, the invention is directed to high-hiding red pigments of the type of the halogenated perylenetetracarboximides containing up to 4 chlorine atoms, whose chlorine content is 15-25% and which are present as mixed crystal pigments in the .beta.

Abstract: The invention relates to readily dispersible pigment formulations which are stable to flocculation and are used for pigmenting naturally occurring and synthetic materials, preferably paints and printing inks, plastics and lacquers, in particular stoving lacquers. The pigment formulations contain compounds of the general formula (I) ##STR1## in which Q.sup.1, Q.sup.2 and Q.sup.3 each denote --X--A, --OR.sup.1, --SR.sup.1, halogen, --NR.sup.2 R.sup.3 or a radical Q which is built up from up to 15 trivalent groups (Ia) such that in each case one group (Ia) is bonded via W to a free valency of the next group (Ia) or to the triazine ring of (I) and the other free valencies are bonded to --X--A, --O--R.sup.1, halogen or --NR.sup.2 R.sup.3, at least one radical --X--A being present in (I), and A stands for an aromatic system with 2 to 6 rings and at least 9 ring atoms, or stands for a group of 2 to 3 aromatic ring systems, bonded via O, S, CO, SO, SO.sub.2 or C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: Prepration of N,N'-dimethylperylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide (DMP) ##STR1## in high-hiding pigment form by reacting perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride with methylamine. The reaction is carried out at 40.degree. to 200.degree. C. and the excess methylamine is distilled off only after the perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride used has been fully converted to the methylammonium salts of the corresponding N,N'-dimethyldicarbamoylperylenedicarboxylic acids. The temperature is held at 140.degree. to 200.degree. C. after, or after and during the formation of the DMP. The resultant highly crystalline crude pigment in aqueous suspension which has a mean particle size D.sub.50% (mass distribution) of 0.15 to 0.4 .mu.m and a mean length-to-width ratio q950% (mass distribution of the pigment particles of 10:1 to 3:1, is grounded in aqueous suspension until the mean particle size is 0.1 to 0.2 .mu.m and the mean length-to-width ratio of the pigment particles is less than 5:1.

Abstract: The conventional condensation of naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid with 1,2-diaminobenzene gives the resulting naphthoylenebisbenzimidazole isomers together in the cis and trans form. It is desirable to shift the isomer ratio of the mixture obtained toward the desirable trans product and to reduce the amount of cis product obtained. It is also desirable to develop a process of preparation which optimizes the yield and improves the waste water situation.This object is achieved according to the invention by subjecting virtually stoichiometric amounts of the starting compounds to a precondensation at 60.degree. to 110.degree. C. in an aqueous medium and then completing the condensation in the aqueous medium in a second stage at 130.degree. to 180.degree. C.

Abstract: Pigment preparations consisting of organic pigments and basic additives of the general formula I(Q-A).sub.x Y (I)in which Q is a radical of the formula II ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is halogen, an alkyl, alkoxy or cyano group, R.sup.2 is halogen, m and n are integers from 0 to 4, A is a chemical bond or a divalent group from the series consisting of --(CH.sub.2).sub.p --, --CR.sup.3 R.sup.4 --, arylene, --S--, --O-- and --NR.sup.5 --, in which p is an integer from 1 to 12, R.sup.3 is hydrogen or alkyl, R.sup.4 is alkyl and R.sup.5 is hydrogen or alkyl, Y is a tertiary nitrogen atom or a group ##STR2## in which R.sup.6, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are alkyl or alkenyl or a cycloaliphatic or araliphatic radical or an alkyleneheteroaryl radical, or Y is a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical in which at least one tertiary nitrogen atom is included in the meanings mentioned for Y and x is a number from 1 to 6.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of pigment preparations of the anthanthrone series, which comprises subjecting anthanthrone crude pigments to aqueous pearl milling in the presence of dispersants of the formulaeQ.sub.1 -[A.sub.1 -X].sub.n (I)and/or[Q.sub.2 -A.sub.2 ].sub.z -Y (II)in which in formula (I) Q.sub.1 is the radical of an anthanthrone, azo, isoindolinone, diketopyrrolopyrrole or perinone compound, A.sub.1 is a direct bond or --O--, --S--, --NR.sub.3, --CO--, --SO.sub.2 --, --CR.sub.4 R.sub.5 -- or arylene, X is a group ##STR1## or a heterocyclic radical having at least one nitrogen atom, and R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 are hydrogen atoms or saturated or unsaturated alkyl groups and n is 1 to 4, and in formula (II) Q.sub.2 is a radical of the formula ##STR2## in which R.sub.1 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy or cyano, or, in the case that m.sub.1 >1, R.sub.1 can also be a combination of these substituents, R.sub.

Abstract: Addition compounds which are suitable as dispersants for solids in organic media are obtained from polyepoxides based on novolaks having 3 to 11 nuclei and a mixture of aliphatic, aromatic and/or heterocyclic amines.

Abstract: Derivatives of 9-oxo-1,9a,10-triaza-9-hydroanthracene of the general formula I ##STR1## with the exception of three compounds in which R denotes a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, an alkyl-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4, alkoxy-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 or denotes a trihalogenomethyl group, a --CO--NH.sub.2, --CO--NH--(alkyl-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) or --CO--N(alkyl-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4).sub.2 group or phenyl, alkyl-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4, --NH.sub.2, --NH(alkyl-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4), --N(alkyl-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4).sub.2 or an alkylene-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 --OSO.sub.3 H group, bound via the bridge member --S--, --SO--or --SO.sub.

Abstract: Mixed crystal pigments of the anthanthrone series and preparation and use thereof Mixed crystal pigments of the anthanthrone series formed from two or more compounds of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, iodine, nitro, cyano, amino, hydroxyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, aryloxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylsulfonyl, benzylsulfonyl, acetoxy, anilino, naphthindonylamino or phthalimido, wherein each component may be present in an amount of 1-99%, the preparation thereof by revatting, bead milling, dry milling, dissolving in inorganic acid and precipitating by pouring into water, and use thereof for pigmenting high molecular weight natural or synthetic organic materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to pigment dispersions which contain, as dispersing agents, alkylglycol ether-sulfates and phosphoric acid esters of fatty alcohols and oxyethylated fatty alcohols and which are suitable for pigmenting aqueous media, in particular cosmetic articles, such as soaps, fingerpaint colors and washing powders.

Abstract: Pigments of the formula I ##STR1## where A is a five- or six-membered aromatic fused or unfused heterocycle which contains one to three hetero atoms from the series consisting of nitrogen and/or oxygen and/or sulfur and which is bonded to the methylene group via a carbon atom, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each hydrogen, alkyl C.sub.1 -C.sub.4, alkylene C.sub.2 or aryl, and together R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may also be an aliphatic or aromatic ring, R.sub.3 is hydrogen, alkyl C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 hydroxylkyl C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 or alkylene C.sub.2, P is the radical of a polycyclic pigment or a radical of a mix-crystal of polycyclic pigments, and n is a number from 0.0001 to 0.

Abstract: Compounds of the general formulaX--Y--O--(A--O--Y--O).sub.m --A--O--Y--X (1)wherein X is a radical of the general formula[R.sup.1 --G.sub.p --(O--CHR.sup.2 --CHR.sup.3 --).sub.n ].sub.2 N--(1a)in which R.sup.1 is a saturated aliphatic radical of from 6 to 30 carbon atoms or an unsaturated aliphatic radical having one or several ethylenic bonds and being of from 6 to 30 carbon atoms, G is phenylene or naphthylene, p is zero or 1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are hydrogen or methyl, but are not both methyl, and n is a number from 0 to 25, Y is a radical of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 have the indicated meanings and q represents identical or different numbers from 0 to about 200, A is a radical of the general formula ##STR2## in which R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are hydrogen or alkyl of from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and m is a number from zero to 5, n and q not being both zero; and their use, in particular as dispersing agents, are disclosed.

Abstract: The .alpha.-modification of cis-naphthoylenebis(benzimidazole) is unstable in many media and up to date has therefore only been used as a vat dye. However, according to the invention, the .alpha.-modification can readily be used for pigmenting in the mass polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene or analogous copolymers. During pigmenting, the pigment which is prepared in a conventional manner, is stable in that modification and produces strong red dyeings.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 2-(arylamino)-3-carboxy-9(10H)-acridones of the formula A ##STR1## in which R and R' represent hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms, alkyl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-, oxalkyl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)- or carbonamide groups and x and y denote integers from 1 to 4, by cyclizing 2,5-diarylaminoterephthalic acids of the formula D ##STR2## in which R, R', x and y have the meanings mentioned previously, in a 5- to 15-fold amount by weight of polyphosphoric acid (P.sub.4 O.sub.10 content 80 to about 85%) or of an acidic polyphosphate (P.sub.4 O.sub.10 contents 75 to about 85%) as a water-abstracting agent at about 60.degree. C. to about 100.degree. C.

Abstract: Pigments of the quinacridonequinone series consisting of 98-20 mol percent of a quinacridonequinone of the general formula (1) ##STR1## in which R denotes a hydrogen or chlorine atom or a methyl or carbonamide group and m and n are 1 or 2, and 1-65 mol percent of a quinacridone of the general formula (2) ##STR2## in which R, m and n have the abovementioned meaning, and 1-15 mol percent of one or two acridone derivatives of the general formulae (3) and/or (4) ##STR3## in which X denotes O or NH and R can be identical or different and, like m and n, has the abovementioned meaning, the added compounds of the general formulae (2), (3) and/or (4) being predominantly incorporated into the crystal lattice if the quinacridonequinone of the general formula (1), processes for their preparation and their use for coloring synthetic and naturally occurring materials.

Abstract: According to the invention, addition of one or more surfactants having a cloud point in aqueous solution to an aqueous suspension of a solid gives after the isolation of the solid at a temperature above the cloud point aqueous press cakes containing a large amount of this solid. The direct processing of press cakes as obtained for example after the synthesis and isolation of dyes or pigments to give practical aqueous pastes or dispersions requires a minimum solids content in the press cakes. The minimum content is frequently not obtained when conventional methods of isolation are used, so that it is necessary to proceed via the indirect route of drying to obtain the powders and redispersing the powders. By using the process according to the invention it is possible to cut out the costly indirect route or, if desired, to reduce the expense of drying to obtain powders by an appreciable margin.

Abstract: Liquid formulations of disperse dyestuffs for dyeing hydrophobic synthetic fiber materials or mixtures of synthetic fiber materials with cellulose fiber material or wool contain from 0.1 to 10% by weight of pulverulent highly disperse inorganic oxides or silicates or mixtures of both said oxides and silicates having a specific surface area (BET) of 20 to 800 m.sup.2 /g.

Abstract: According to the invention, addition of one or more surfactants having a cloud point in aqueous solution to an aqueous suspension of an azo disperse dye gives after the isolation of the dye at a temperature above the cloud point aqueous press cakes containing a large amount of this dye.The direct processing of press cakes as obtained for example after the synthesis and isolation of azo disperse dyes to practical dispersions for use requires a minimum dye content in the press cakes. The minimum content is frequently not obtained when conventional methods of isolation are used, so that it is necessary to proceed via the indirect route of drying to obtain powders and redispersing the powders. By using the process according to the invention it is possible to cut out the costly indirect route or, if desired, to reduce the expense of drying to obtain powders by an appreciable margin.

Abstract: Addition products formed from polymeric diphenylmethane 4,4'-diisocyanates, amines, monoactive and diactive polymers are suitable for use as dispersants for solids in organic media.

Abstract: In the present application, addition compounds of hydroxyalkylimidazolines, aromatic or araliphatic diisocyanates and polyols are described and claimed, as are their preparation by reaction, initially of two reactants and then with the third, optionally in an inert solvent, and the use of these addition compounds as dispersants for solid materials in non-aqueous liquids, in particular pigment dispersions.