Abstract: A metal oxide thin film substrate for an organic light-emitting device (OLED) which exhibits superior light extraction efficiency and can be easily fabricated at low cost and a method of fabricating the same and a method of fabricating the same. The metal oxide thin film substrate for an OLED includes a base substrate and a metal oxide thin film formed on the base substrate, the metal oxide thin film being made of a mixture of at least two metal oxides having different refractive indices.

Abstract: A gas injector which can inject at a uniform velocity and an injector pipe used for the same. The gas injector includes a body, a gas flow path formed inside the body, the gas flow path extending from one end to the other end in a lengthwise direction of the body, a blade formed inside the body and connected to the gas flow path so as to inject gas, and an injector pipe inserted into the gas flow path. The injector pipe receives the gas from the gas supply, and distributes the gas through a plurality of holes to the gas flow path. The plurality of holes of the injector pipe include a plurality of first holes and a plurality of second holes which are formed along two parallel lines extending in the lengthwise direction of the injector pipe, the first holes alternating with the second holes.

Abstract: A metal oxide thin film substrate which can increase light trapping efficiency and light extraction efficiency, a method of fabricating the same and a photovoltaic cell and organic light-emitting device (OLED) including the same. The metal oxide thin film substrate includes a base substrate, and a metal oxide thin film formed on the base substrate. The metal oxide thin film has voids which are formed inside the metal oxide thin film to scatter light.

Abstract: A light extraction substrate for an organic light-emitting device (OLED) which can improve the brightness of a display or an illumination system to which an OLED is applied by improving light extraction efficiency and a method of manufacturing the same. The light extraction substrate for an OLED includes an oxide or nitride thin film formed on a substrate body. The oxide or nitride thin film includes a base layer formed on the substrate body, a first texture formed on the base layer, the first texture having a plurality of first protrusions which protrude continuously or discontinuously from the base layer, and a second texture having a plurality of second protrusions which protrude continuously or discontinuously from each outer surface of the first protrusions.

Abstract: A lens system and an image capturing device having the same include a first lens group having a positive refractive power, a second lens group having a negative refractive power, a third lens group having a positive refractive power, a fourth lens group having a positive refractive power, and a fifth lens group being exchangeable with the third lens group.

Abstract: A zinc oxide (ZnO)-based transparent conductive thin film for a photovoltaic cell and a manufacturing method thereof, in which the transparent conductive thin film has an excellent textured surface and can be mass-produced. The ZnO-based transparent conductive film is formed on a substrate, is doped with a dopant, and has a textured surface. The textured surface has a plurality of protrusions. The manufacturing method forms the zinc oxide-based transparent conductive film on a substrate by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD) involving organic precursor gas and oxidizer gas.

Abstract: The novel C dialdehyde compound which can be efficiently utilized in the synthesis of carotenoid compounds based on the sulfone chemistry, the preparation method of the same, and the expeditious and practical synthetic processes for lycopene and ?-carotene by the use of the above novel compound are disclosed. The syntheses of lycopene and ?-carotene are characterized by the processes of the coupling reaction between two equivalents of geranyl sulfone or cyclic geranyl sulfone and the above C dialdehyde, the functional group transformation reactions of the diol in the resulting C 40 coupling products to X's (either halogens or ethers), and the double elimination reactions of the functional groups of the benzenesulfonyl and X to produce the fully conjugated polyene chain of the carotenoids.

Abstract: A light extraction substrate for an electroluminescent device and a manufacturing method thereof, in which light extraction efficiency is increased. The light extraction substrate for an electroluminescent device includes a substrate and a light extraction layer formed on the substrate. The light extraction layer contains an oxide that has a wide band gap of 2.8 eV or more. The light extraction layer has a texture on the surface thereof.

Abstract: The novel C dialdehyde compound which can be efficiently utilized in the synthesis of carotenoid compounds based on the sulfone chemistry, the preparation method of the same, and the expeditious and practical synthetic processes for lycopene and ?-carotene by the use of the above novel compound are disclosed. The syntheses of lycopene and ?-carotene are characterized by the processes of the coupling reaction between two equivalents of geranyl sulfone or cyclic geranyl sulfone and the above C dialdehyde, the functional group transformation reactions of the diol in the resulting C 40 coupling products to X's (either halogens or ethers), and the double elimination reactions of the functional groups of the benzenesulfonyl and X to produce the fully conjugated polyene chain of the carotenoids.

Abstract: Provided is a network management method of a network manager. The network management method includes monitoring events including state information of a managed element wherein the events are published by the managed element included in a network, and generating commands for an action performed in the managed element according to the events, wherein the events are subscribed by the network manager managing the network.

Abstract: A scheduling method and apparatus in a wireless communication system. The scheduling method for a node B in a wireless communication system supporting a plurality of carriers includes determining a delay weight for each of a plurality of user equipment (UEs) according to a preset weight application time point. The method also includes determining a scheduling metric value of each UE per carrier using the delay weight, and determining a priority of each UE per carrier using the scheduling metric value.

Abstract: The novel C dialdehyde compound which can be efficiently utilized in the synthesis of carotenoid compounds based on the sulfone chemistry, the preparation method of the same, and the expeditious and practical synthetic processes for lycopene and ?-carotene by the use of the above novel compound are disclosed. The syntheses of lycopene and ?-carotene are characterized by the processes of the coupling reaction between two equivalents of geranyl sulfone or cyclic geranyl sulfone and the above C dialdehyde, the functional group transformation reactions of the diol in the resulting C 40 coupling products to X's (either halogens or ethers), and the double elimination reactions of the functional groups of the benzenesulfonyl and X to produce the fully conjugated polyene chain of the carotenoids.

Abstract: A scheduling method in a wireless communication system using a dual cell. The method includes determining a scheduling metric value of a user equipment (UE) with respect to each of at least two carriers. The method also includes determining a priority of the UE based on the scheduling metric value, per carrier. The method further includes selecting a UE according to the priority of the UE per carrier. The method also includes determining whether the selected UE has the same priority per carrier, and when the selected UE has the same priority, randomly selecting at least one carrier and allocating a resource to the UE based on the selected carrier.

Abstract: The novel C dialdehyde compound which can be efficiently utilized in the synthesis of carotenoid compounds based on the sulfone chemistry, the preparation method of the same, and the expeditious and practical synthetic processes for lycopene and ?-carotene by the use of the above novel compound are disclosed. The syntheses of lycopene and ?-carotene are characterized by the processes of the coupling reaction between two equivalents of geranyl sulfone or cyclic geranyl sulfone and the above C dialdehyde, the functional group transformation reactions of the diol in the resulting C 40 coupling products to X's (either halogens or ethers), and the double elimination reactions of the functional groups of the benzenesulfonyl and X to produce the fully conjugated polyene chain of the carotenoids.

Abstract: The novel C dialdehyde compound which can be efficiently utilized in the synthesis of carotenoid compounds based on the sulfone chemistry, the preparation method of the same, and the expeditious and practical synthetic processes for lycopene and ?-carotene by the use of the above novel compound are disclosed. The syntheses of lycopene and ?-carotene are characterized by the processes of the coupling reaction between two equivalents of geranyl sulfone or cyclic geranyl sulfone and the above C dialdehyde, the functional group transformation reactions of the diol in the resulting C 40 coupling products to X's (either halogens or ethers), and the double elimination reactions of the functional groups of the benzenesulfonyl and X to produce the fully conjugated polyene chain of the carotenoids.

Abstract: The novel C dialdehyde compound which can be efficiently utilized in the synthesis of carotenoid compounds based on the sulfone chemistry, the preparation method of the same, and the expeditious and practical synthetic processes for lycopene and ?-carotene by the use of the above novel compound are disclosed. The syntheses of lycopene and ?-carotene are characterized by the processes of the coupling reaction between two equivalents of geranyl sulfone or cyclic geranyl sulfone and the above C dialdehyde, the functional group transformation reactions of the diol in the resulting C 40 coupling products to X's (either halogens or ethers), and the double elimination reactions of the functional groups of the benzenesulfonyl and X to produce the fully conjugated polyene chain of the carotenoids.

Abstract: A digital image processing apparatus including an infrared (IR) cut filter and a visible light cut filter that are arranged on an optical axis between a lens unit and an image sensor, and that are selectively retractable from the optical axis, a filter driver that drives the IR cut filter and the visible light cut filter, a first image information acquiring unit that acquires first image information transmitted through the IR cut filter, a second image information acquiring unit that acquires second image information transmitted through the visible light cut filter, and an image synthesizing unit that extracts a synthesized image from the first image information and the second image information, in a low-illumination mode.

Abstract: A lens system and an image capturing device having the same include a first lens group having a positive refractive power, a second lens group having a negative refractive power, a third lens group having a positive refractive power, a fourth lens group having a positive refractive power, and a fifth lens group being exchangeable with the third lens group.

Abstract: The novel C dialdehyde compound which can be efficiently utilized in the synthesis of carotenoid compounds based on the sulfone chemistry, the preparation method of the same, and the expeditious and practical synthetic processes for lycopene and ?-carotene by the use of the above novel compound are disclosed. The syntheses of lycopene and ?-carotene are characterized by the processes of the coupling reaction between two equivalents of geranyl sulfone or cyclic geranyl sulfone and the above C dialdehyde, the functional group transformation reactions of the diol in the resulting C 40 coupling products to X's (either halogens or ethers), and the double elimination reactions of the functional groups of the benzenesulfonyl and X to produce the fully conjugated polyene chain of the carotenoids.

Abstract: The novel C dialdehyde compound which can be efficiently utilized in the synthesis of carotenoid compounds based on the sulfone chemistry, the preparation method of the same, and the expeditious and practical synthetic processes for lycopene and ?-carotene by the use of the above novel compound are disclosed. The syntheses of lycopene and ?-carotene are characterized by the processes of the coupling reaction between two equivalents of geranyl sulfone or cyclic geranyl sulfone and the above C dialdehyde, the functional group transformation reactions of the diol in the resulting C 40 coupling products to X's (either halogens or ethers), and the double elimination reactions of the functional groups of the benzenesulfonyl and X to produce the fully conjugated polyene chain of the carotenoids.