Abstract: A liquid crystal composition includes: at least one liquid crystal compound selected from the group consisting of Chemical Formulas 1-1 to 1-8; at least one self-aligned compound selected from the group consisting of Chemical Formulas 2-1 and 2-2; and at least one reactive mesogen selected from the group consisting of Chemical Formulas 3-1 to 3-5. Compositions and devices constructed therewith are capable of ameliorating liquid crystal drip spots that typically occur in a manufacturing process. In addition, the display devices using the composition do not require an additional alignment layer, which simplifies manufacturing.

Abstract: A method for implementing a demand response (DR) for a HVAC system in a building is provided. The method comprises: creating a zone temperature determination model that outputs temperatures of the building by considering an input power provided to the HVAC system and a thermal state of the building; generating objective functions for a power supply schedule in which optimal solutions vary with electricity prices and the thermal state, wherein the power supply schedule includes linear equations for emulating the zone temperature determination model; determining the optimal solutions to the objective functions based on a plurality of electricity price profiles and thermal state profiles; and creating a demand response determination model for taking the electricity price profiles and the thermal state profiles as input and producing a power supply schedule for the HVAC system as output.

Abstract: An optical stack structure includes a window, and a polarizing layer and a touch sensor layer on a surface of the window. The optical stack structure has improved flexibility and mechanical reliability so that the optical stack structure may be applied as a window substrate of an image display device including a flexible display.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a vehicle body transfer system using a transfer unit. The system may include a base configured to move along a base rail; a moving unit comprising a supporting part that is configured to support a vehicle body, wherein the moving unit is configured to move the supporting part in a predetermined direction and the moving part is disposed on the base; and a tool unit disposed outside the base rail and selectively engaged to the moving unit, wherein the tool unit is configured to provide a driving torque such that the moving unit controls a position of the supporting part.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wave-shaped grouting bulb (100) for securing an underground bearing capacity of a steel bar (10), the bulb comprising a plurality of protrusions (120), which have a predetermined maximum diameter (D1) and are formed along the longitudinal direction of a cylindrical pillar part (110) extending downward, wherein the neighboring protrusions (120) are formed to be spaced from each other by a predetermined formation distance (s). The present invention has an advantageous effect of improving a skin friction force and resistance to compression and pullout in the grouting bulb integrated with the steel bar and thus enhancing structural stability in the micropile body.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of simulating a switching electrical circuit, including one or more reactive elements and one or more switches. The method includes receiving an electrical circuit including one or more reactive elements and one or more switches and a stimulus expressed in a form of a linear combination of one or more basis functions; calculating a response of the electrical circuit before the switching in a form of a linear combination of one or more basis functions, using an s-domain transfer function of the electrical circuit before the switching, initial values of the reactive elements before the switching, and the stimulus expressed in a form of a linear combination of one or more basis functions; and calculating a response of the electrical circuit after the switching in a form of a linear combination of one or more basis functions, using an s-domain transfer function of the electrical circuit after the switching and initial values of the reactive elements after the switching.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display including a first substrate, a second substrate disposed opposite the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal composition. The liquid crystal composition includes at least one of liquid crystal compounds including a cyclopentadienyl group.

Abstract: A method of controlling a hydrogen partial pressure can be carried out in a fuel cell system including a stack having a hydrogen electrode and an air electrode. The method includes: determining a point of time to purge the hydrogen electrode using a hydrogen concentration at an outlet of the hydrogen electrode or an accumulated amount of charge generated in the stack; and setting a target supply pressure of hydrogen supplied to the stack, in which the target hydrogen supply pressure is set in consideration of a hydrogen pressure and a partial pressure of nitrogen resulting from crossover in the stack.

Abstract: Provided is a pain detecting method including obtaining an electric signal from applied pressure and heat by using a sensor unit including a material exhibiting both the piezoelectric characteristic and the thermoelectric characteristic; separating a pressure signal generated by the pressure and a heat signal generated by the heat from the obtained electric signal; determining whether to generate pain data from each of the pressure signal and the heat signal; and outputting the pain data.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wave-shaped grouting bulb (100) for securing an underground bearing capacity of a steel bar (10), the bulb comprising a plurality of protrusions (120), which have a predetermined maximum diameter (D1) and are formed along the longitudinal direction of a cylindrical pillar part (110) extending downward, wherein the neighboring protrusions (120) are formed to be spaced from each other by a predetermined formation distance (s). The present invention has an advantageous effect of improving a skin friction force and resistance to compression and pullout in the grouting bulb integrated with the steel bar and thus enhancing structural stability in the micropile body.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprises: a first substrate; an organic layer disposed on the first substrate; a pixel electrode disposed on the organic layer; a plurality of slits defined in the pixel electrode and configured to exposed a surface of the organic layer; a liquid crystal alignment film disposed on a surface of the pixel electrode and on the surface of the organic layer exposed by the plurality of slits; and a plurality of liquid crystal molecules disposed on the liquid crystal alignment film, wherein the liquid crystal alignment film includes a first region overlapping the plurality of slits and a second region overlapping the pixel electrode, wherein the second region has a surface energy different from a surface energy of the first region.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal composition including at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a liquid crystal compound expressed by Formula 1-1 and a liquid crystal compound expressed by Formula 1-2; at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a self-alignment compound expressed by Formula 2-1 and a self-alignment compound expressed by Formula 2-2; and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a reactive mesogen expressed by Formula 3-1, a reactive mesogen expressed by Formula 3-2, a reactive mesogen expressed by Formula 3-3, a reactive mesogen expressed by Formula 3-4, and a reactive mesogen expressed by Formula 3-5. The liquid crystal composition also has negative dielectric anisotropy.

Abstract: Distributions of on-chip inductors for monolithic voltage regulation are described. On-chip voltage regulation may be provided by integrated voltage regulators (IVRs), such as a buck converter with integrated inductors. On-chip inductors may be placed to ensure optimal voltage regulation for high power density applications. With this technology, integrated circuits may have many independent voltage domains for fine-grained dynamic voltage and frequency scaling that allows for higher overall power efficiency for the system.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a vehicle body transfer system using a transfer unit. The system may include a base configured to move along a base rail; a moving unit comprising a supporting part that is configured to support a vehicle body, wherein the moving unit is configured to move the supporting part in a predetermined direction and the moving part is disposed on the base; and a tool unit disposed outside the base rail and selectively engaged to the moving unit, wherein the tool unit is configured to provide a driving torque such that the moving unit controls a position of the supporting part.

Abstract: A multispectral imaging device in accordance with one embodiment comprises: an illumination unit for emitting LED lighting to the skin for skin illumination; and a detection unit for causing light reflected from the skin to be incident on a camera, wherein the illumination unit is arranged on the outer side of the detection unit, so that a path of the LED lighting emitted from the illumination unit is formed on the outer side of the detection unit, and a path of the light reflected from the skin is formed on the inner side of the detection unit.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition includes: at least one liquid crystal compound selected from the group consisting of Chemical Formulas 1-1 to 1-8; at least one self-aligned compound selected from the group consisting of Chemical Formulas 2-1 and 2-2; and at least one reactive mesogen selected from the group consisting of Chemical Formulas 3-1 to 3-5. Compositions and devices constructed therewith are capable of ameliorating liquid crystal drip spots that typically occur in a manufacturing process. In addition, the display devices using the composition do not require an additional alignment layer, which simplifies manufacturing.

Abstract: Charge variants of a recombinantly expressed antibody population may be separated both from the main antibody molecule and from each other. Separation and isolation of charge variants may proceed via a combined modulation of salt concentration and pH during charge variant elution from a cation exchange support. Isolated charge variants may be assessed for their contribution to the potency of the overall antibody preparation. The make-up of an antibody preparation, at least in terms of the proportion of charge variants and of the main antibody can thus be controlled, for example, for biosimilar matching or for improving potency of the preparation.

Abstract: A thin-film transistor (TFT) device may include a data line and a gate line formed on a base substrate, a TFT connected to the data line and the gate line, and a magnetic field antenna spaced apart from the data line and the gate line on the base substrate. The magnetic field antenna may be connected to the TFT and configured to transmit and receive a signal to and from the TFT or to control a driving of the TFT.

Abstract: A short-range magnetic field system according to an embodiment includes a transmission antenna part located at a transmission port; and a reception antenna part located at a reception port to face the transmission antenna part. wherein a magnetic field formed around the transmission antenna part or the reception antenna part can be offset.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition includes a compound having a structure represented by formula A-1: wherein RA1 is an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a cyano group, a halogen atom, or a hydrogen atom, RA2 is an alkyl group, a cyano group, a halogen atom, or a hydrogen atom, ZA is *—O—*, *—COO—*, *—OCO—*, *—CF2O—*, *—OCF2—*, *—CH2O—*, *—OCH2—*, *—SCH2—*, *—CH2S—*, *—C2F4—*, *—CH2CF2—*, *—CF2CH2—*, *—(CH2)k—*, *—CH?CH—*, *—CF?CF—*, *—CH?CF—*, *—CF?CH—*, *—C?C—*, *—CH?CHCH2O—*, or a single bond, X is a halogen atom, each of l1 and l2 is independently an integer of 0 to 2, and when l1 is 2 and ZA in a repeating unit defined by l1 are the same or different, wherein k is an integer of 1 to 5 and “*” indicates a point of attachment.