Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating alopecia areata acting as a functional antagonist for SIP receptor's subtypes S1PR1 and S1PR4, and more particularly, relates to a pharmaceutical composition containing as an active ingredient a sphingolipid compound acting as a functional antagonist for S1PR1 and S1PR4, does not cause cardiovascular side effects, and is effective in preventing or treating alopecia areata.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes: a semiconductor device, comprising: a bit line structure including a bit line contact plug, a bit line, and a bit line hard mask that are sequentially stacked over a substrate; a storage node contact plug that is spaced apart from the bit line structure; a conformal spacer that is positioned between the bit line and the storage node contact plug and includes a low-k material; and a seed liner that is positioned between the conformal spacer and the bit line and thinner than the conformal spacer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating alopecia areata acting as a functional antagonist for S1P receptor's subtypes S1PR1 and S1PR4, and more particularly, relates to a pharmaceutical composition containing as an active ingredient a sphingolipid compound acting as a functional antagonist for S1PR1 and S1PR4, does not cause cardiovascular side effects, and is effective in preventing or treating alopecia areata.

Abstract: Oxide-based thin film sintered bodies, oxide-based solid electrolyte sheets, and all-solid lithium secondary batteries are disclosed. In some implementations, an oxide-based thin film sintered body includes oxide particles, the oxide-based thin film sintered body having a surface roughness Ra ranging from 0.1 to 3 ?m, wherein Ra is an arithmetical mean height of a surface, wherein the oxide particles absorb light energy in a wavelength range from 10 to 1200 nm and have an energy band gap ranging from 0.1 to 15 eV.

Abstract: An oxide-based film sheet according to an embodiment of the disclosure includes an oxide-based particle, wherein the oxide-based particle includes a colored oxide particle capable of absorbing light energy in a visible light spectrum. An oxide-based solid electrolyte sheet according to an embodiment of the disclosure may be prepared by light-sintering the oxide-based film sheet. According to an embodiment of the disclosure, an oxide-based solid electrolyte sheet in which a connection structure between particles, shapes of the particles, porosity, or the like are appropriately provided may be prepared by light-sintering.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the stabilization of an effective ingredient by using a mineral material. In the present invention, the effective ingredient can be stably supported using the mineral material, and a microcapsule obtained by the manufacturing method according to the present invention, when discharged to nature, causes no environmental problems due to encapsulation ingredients thereof being the same as soil ingredients, and thus can avoid micro-plastic issues.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and apparatuses for transmitting data using a random access procedure in a communication system. An operation method of a terminal in a communication system includes transmitting a first MsgA including an RA preamble #i and a payload to a base station; receiving, from the base station, a MsgB including information indicating that an RA preamble #k is reserved; and transmitting a second MsgA including the RA preamble #k and data to the base station in a preamble reservation period associated with the RA preamble #k.

Abstract: An optimal transfer hospital determining method and server are provided. Provided is the optimal transfer hospital determining method comprising: determining candidate hospitals; acquiring status information about an emergency patient; determining the severity of the patient on the basis of the acquired status information; calculating emergency event possibility information on the basis of the acquired status information; acquiring transport resources availability information about the determined candidate hospitals; calculating the suitability of each candidate hospital on the basis of the determined severity of the patient, the acquired emergency event possibility information, and the transport resource availability information; and determining the optimal transfer hospital on the basis of the calculated suitability of each candidate hospital.

Abstract: The present invention provides a battery module including: a pair of battery groups in which a plurality of battery cells are stacked; a first heat exchanger disposed between the pair of battery groups to perform heat exchange with first stacked surfaces of the pair of battery groups; and a pair of second heat exchangers disposed outside the pair of battery groups to perform heat exchange with second stacked surfaces which are sides opposite to the first stacked surfaces.

Abstract: A negative-level shifting circuit includes a first level shifter including an input circuit configured to receive a logic signal having a first voltage level and a load circuit configured to generate a first output signal having a second voltage level based on a voltage generated by the input circuit, and a second level shifter configured to receive the first output signal from the first level shifter and generate a second output signal having a third voltage level. The first level shifter further includes a shielding circuit connected between the input circuit and the load circuit and configured to separate an operating voltage region of the input circuit from an operating voltage region of the load circuit such that the input circuit operates in a positive voltage region and the load circuit operates in a negative voltage region.

Abstract: A negative-level shifting circuit includes a first level shifter including an input circuit configured to receive a logic signal having a first voltage level and a load circuit configured to generate a first output signal having a second voltage level based on a voltage generated by the input circuit, and a second level shifter configured to receive the first output signal from the first level shifter and generate a second output signal having a third voltage level. The first level shifter further includes a shielding circuit connected between the input circuit and the load circuit and configured to separate an operating voltage region of the input circuit from an operating voltage region of the load circuit such that the input circuit operates in a positive voltage region and the load circuit operates in a negative voltage region.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sustained-release lipid pre-concentrate, comprising: a) at least one liquid crystal former; b) at least one phospholipid; c) at least one liquid crystal hardener; and d) at least one bi- or multivalent metal salt, wherein the sustained-release pre-concentrate exists as a lipid liquid phase in the absence of aqueous fluid and forms into a liquid crystal upon exposure to aqueous fluid. The sustained-release lipid pre-concentrate is configured to enhance the sustained release of anionic pharmacologically active substances through ionic interaction between the bi- or multivalent metal salt and the anionic pharmacologically active substances.

Abstract: A semiconductor integrated circuit device includes: a substrate which has a first conductivity type and in which a first amplifier area and a second amplifier area are defined; a first well which has a second conductivity type, a first pocket well which has the first conductivity type and is separated from the first well, and a first deep well which has the second conductivity type, surrounds the first pocket well, and is separated from the first well; and a second well which has the second conductivity type, a second pocket well which has the first conductivity type and is separated from the second well, and a second deep well which has the second conductivity type, surrounds the second pocket well, and is separated from the second well The first well, the first pocket well, and the first deep well are formed in the first amplifier area of the substrate, and the second well, the second pocket well, and the second deep well are formed in the second amplifier area of the substrate.

Abstract: A semiconductor device including a recessed channel transistor, and a method of manufacturing the same, provide: a substrate in which an isolation trench is provided; an isolation layer provided in the isolation trench so as to define a pair of source/drain regions in the substrate; a gate pattern provided in the isolation trench between the pair of source/drain regions, the gate pattern having a top surface at a same level as a top surface of the isolation layer and having a bottom surface at a lower depth than the pair of source/drain regions with respect to a top surface of the substrate; and a gate insulating layer provided between the substrate and the gate pattern at a bottom surface of the isolation trench.

Abstract: A semiconductor integrated circuit device includes: a substrate which has a first conductivity type and in which a first amplifier area and a second amplifier area are defined; a first well which has a second conductivity type, a first pocket well which has the first conductivity type and is separated from the first well, and a first deep well which has the second conductivity type, surrounds the first pocket well, and is separated from the first well; and a second well which has the second conductivity type, a second pocket well which has the first conductivity type and is separated from the second well, and a second deep well which has the second conductivity type, surrounds the second pocket well, and is separated from the second well The first well, the first pocket well, and the first deep well are formed in the first amplifier area of the substrate, and the second well, the second pocket well, and the second deep well are formed in the second amplifier area of the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to detoxified and immunologically active proteins (“mutant LTs”) having mutated amino acid sequences of heat-labile enterotoxin of E. coli, DNA sequences encoding the mutant LTs, recombinant expression vectors comprising the DNAs, recombinant microorganisms transformed with the recombinant expression vectors, process for preparing the mutant LTs and pharmaceutical application of the said protein as immunogenic antigens for vaccination and as adjuvants for anti-body production. In contrast to wild-type LT, the mutant LTs did not induce any toxic activities. The mutant LTs elicited high and comparable levels of anti-LT antibodies when delivered either intragastrically or intranasally, inducing systemic and local responses in serum and fecal extracts. Thus, they might be useful for the development of a novel diarrheal vaccine in humans and animals.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel angiogenesis inhibitor, LK68 whose amino acid sequence is identical with the human apolipoprotein (a) kringle domains IV36, IV37 and V38, a cDNA sequence encoding the LK68, a recombinant expression vector comprising the cDNA, a recombinant microorganism transformed with the recombinant expression vector and a novel use of the LK68 as an anticancer agent and a method for treating angiogenesis-mediated disease. LK68, LK6, LK7 and LK8 exhibit inhibitory activities on the cultured endothelial cell proliferation as well as on the endothelial cell migration. LK68 and its single kringles also inhibit the normal development of capillaries in the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). It was also showed that systemic administration of LK68 causes the inhibition of primary tumor growth, which is correlated with a suppression of tumor-induced angiogenesis.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel angiogenesis inhibitor, LK68 whose amino acid sequence is identical with the human apolipoprotein (a) kringle domains IV36, IV37 and V38, a cDNA sequence encoding the LK68, a recombinant expression vector comprising the cDNA, a recombinant microorganism transformed with the recombinant expression vector and a novel use of the LK68 as an anticancer agent and a method for treating angiogenesis-mediated disease. LK68, LK6, LK7 and LK8 exhibit inhibitory activities on the cultured endothelial cell proliferation as well as on the endothelial cell migration. LK68 and its single kringles also inhibit the normal development of capillaries in the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). It was also showed that systemic administration of LK68 causes the inhibition of primary tumor growth, which is correlated with a suppression of tumor-induced angiogenesis.

Abstract: A semiconductor device in which polysilicon is used to form source and drain regions in an initial process step so as to reduce resistance of bit lines and minimize a junction capacitance and thus improve its reliability, and a method for fabricating the same are disclosed, the semiconductor device including a semiconductor substrate, trenches formed in predetermined areas of the semiconductor substrate, an insulating layer formed in the trenches and beneath a surface of the substrate to have a recess, a polysilicon layer formed on the insulating layer in the trench, source and drain regions formed at both sides of the polysilicon layer beneath a surface of the semiconductor substrate, and gates formed over the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel angiogenesis inhibitor, LK68 whose amino acid sequence is identical with the human apolipoprotein (a) kringle domains IV36, IV37 and V38, a cDNA sequence encoding the LK68, a recombinant expression vector comprising the cDNA, a recombinant microorganism transformed with the recombinant expression vector and a novel use of the LK68 as an anticancer agent and a method for treating angiogenesis-mediated disease. LK68, LK6, LK7 and LK8 exhibit inhibitory activities on the cultured endothelial cell proliferation as well as on the endothelial cell migration. LK68 and its single kringles also inhibit the normal development of capillaries in the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). It was also showed that systemic administration of LK68 causes the inhibition of primary tumor growth, which is correlated with a suppression of tumor-induced angiogenesis.