Abstract: A system and a method for controlling sound output in a vehicle can enhance driving sensitivity. The system includes a sensing device that obtains vehicle information of the vehicle, a sound device that plays and outputs a vehicle sound through speakers, a seat device that controls seat vibration based on the vehicle sound, and a control device connected with the sensing device, the sound device, and the seat device. The control device determines a driving mode of the vehicle based on the vehicle information, performs sound shift control for the speakers based on the driving mode, and controls the seat vibration in conjunction with the sound shift control.

Abstract: A recycling method of a waste lithium ion secondary battery may include (a) charging a waste lithium ion secondary battery into a pyrolysis furnace, (b) increasing the internal temperature of the pyrolysis furnace to induce self-heating of the waste lithium ion secondary battery, (c) maintaining a self-heating reaction of the waste lithium ion secondary battery, (d) discharging a first powder formed after completing the self-heating reaction of the waste lithium ion secondary battery, and (e) injecting the first powder into water, dissolving a lithium component included in the first powder, and separating and recovering a lithium aqueous solution, a precipitate settled in the lithium aqueous solution, and a floating material on the surface of the lithium aqueous solution, separately.

Abstract: An apparatus provides information on a distance to empty (DTE) of a vehicle and an information providing method is performed thereby. The apparatus includes a display device configured to display DTE information of a vehicle and a controller configured to control operation of the display device. The controller determines low fuel efficiency-related information and high fuel efficiency-related information based on a current vehicle driving condition. The controller determines a low DTE value and a high DTE value based on the low fuel efficiency-related information, the high fuel efficiency-related information, and a current available battery energy. The controller also determines a current DTE value indicating a real-time DTE and controls operation of the display device to display the low DTE value, the high DTE value, and the current DTE value.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a skin external application composition comprising dehydroabietic acid, an isomer thereof, a precursor thereof, a salt thereof, a hydrate thereof, or a solvate thereof as an active ingredient for strengthening a skin barrier or moisturizing the skin. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a skin external application composition that comprises dehydroabietic acid, an isomer thereof, a precursor thereof, a salt thereof, a hydrate thereof, or a solvate thereof to activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR ?) in vivo to upregulate the expression thereof as well as the expression of filaggrin gene, transglutaminase 1 gene, and hyaluronic acid synthase 2 gene, whereby the composition induces the differentiation of skin keratinocytes, strengthens the skin barrier, and increases a skin water content.

Abstract: Pouch folding methods and devices are disclosed. In some embodiments, a pouch folding method includes applying heat to a wing of a cell pouch to obtain a heated wing, and folding the heated wing of the cell pouch.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a primer set for discrimination of bacterial species in a probiotic composition and a method for discriminating bacterial species using the same. Specifically, in the present invention, a primer set targeting the ITS (internal transcribed spacer) region between the 16S rRNA and 23S rRNA of probiotic species and pathogenic bacterial species has been constructed, it has been confirmed that 21 probiotic species and 4 pathogenic bacterial species can be discriminated with high resolution and accuracy by performing metagenomic analysis of a probiotic composition using the same, and the primer set can be usefully used to discriminate bacterial species in a probiotic composition.

Abstract: Disclosed are oxadiazole compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are specifically suitable for the treatment of neurological diseases such as epilepsy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ground rod that is electrically connected to the ground and serves as a terminal, and more particularly, to a ground rod that allows for the smooth passage of a ground wire while being easily and conveniently buried in the ground without being hit. The ground rod according to the present invention includes: a rod body configured such that a head portion is formed at the top thereof and a sharp portion is formed at the bottom thereof; a bending connector formed as a pipe that is bent in an inverted and reversed L shape and has both ends open to allow a ground wire to pass therethrough, and welded horizontally to the side of the rod body; and fixing means configured to fix the ground wire having passed through the inside of the bending connector to the bending connector.

Abstract: A method of recycling waste lubricant. The method includes providing a waste lubricant-derived oil fraction, pretreating the waste lubricant-derived oil fraction, and hydrocracking the pretreated waste lubricant-derived oil fraction. The method has economic advantages in that waste lubricant can be recycled into fuel oil and high-grade lube base oil with a relatively high yield compared to a lube base oil manufacturing process utilizing only unconverted oil as a feedstock.

Abstract: The present exemplary embodiments relate to a lithium metal electrode, a method of manufacturing the same, and a lithium secondary battery including the same. According to an exemplary embodiment, a lithium metal electrode including: a current collector and a metal layer which is disposed on at least one surface of the current collector and includes a lithium component, in which a protective layer including amorphous carbon and lithium-ion conduction promoting ceramic particles is formed on a surface of the metal layer, may be provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are a system and method for analyzing a stool image, which derive the state of the large intestine of a user by analyzing a stool image by using a pre-trained deep learning model. The system for analyzing a stool image may include an input unit configured to receive stool images of a user, a data set generation unit configured to generate a data set by grouping the stool images in chronological order, an analysis unit configured to derive information on a stool state of the user or information on a state of the large intestine of the user by analyzing the data set, and an output unit configured to output the information on the stool state or the information on the state of the large intestine. The endoscopic activity of ulcerative colitis can be predicted from a camera image of stool even without performing a colonoscopy.

Abstract: A thin film deposition method may include preparing a substrate structure having an opening region formed in a vertical direction and a plurality of holes formed in a horizontal direction in each of two side portions exposed by the opening region, and adsorbing an inhibitor to surfaces of the substrate structure so that an adsorption density of the inhibitor outside of the plurality of holes is higher than an adsorption density inside of the plurality of holes by adsorbing the inhibitor in a deposition environment in which a gas diffusivity is larger in the vertical direction than in the horizontal direction. A deposition process of a material film on the inside and outside of the plurality of holes is then performed, wherein a deposition rate of the material film may vary according to the adsorption density of the inhibitor.

Abstract: A thin film deposition method and a method of fabricating an electronic device using the same are disclosed. The thin film deposition method may include preparing a substrate structure having a pattern portion including a hole, adsorbing a reaction inhibitor to inside and outside of the hole in the substrate structure, wherein an adsorption density of the reaction inhibitor may be lower in the inside than the outside, and depositing a metal layer on the inside and outside the hole by an atomic layer deposition (ALD) process, wherein a deposition rate of the depositing may vary depending on regions by the reaction inhibitor, and wherein the reaction inhibitor may include a metal atom and a ligand for reaction inhibition bonded to the metal atom, and the metal atom may remain on the substrate structure in the depositing the metal layer.