Abstract: Rapid lateral flow immunoassays have an extensive history of use in both the clinical and home settings. These devices are used to test for a variety of analytes, such as drugs of abuse, hormones, proteins, urine or plasma components and the like. The present invention provides an improved procedural control that indicates to the test user that at least a portion of the applied sample has passed through the test result zone of the test strip, and optionally that the test is complete and the test results may be read.

Abstract: A method for detecting DNA variation. First, by aligning trace data of a sample DNA sequence to trace data of a reference DNA sequence to produce an aligned sample DNA sequence. Then, inputting the trace data of the bases of both the reference DNA sequence and the aligned sample DNA sequence for a particular frame number into a non-linear mathematical function of an anti-correlation calculation scheme for all the frame numbers. Minimal values will be produced at the particular frame number for DNA base trace data of the aligned sample DNA sequence which are not a variation as compared to the reference DNA sequence. Values above the minimal values will be produced at the particular frame number for DNA base trace data of the aligned sample DNA sequence which are a variation as compared to the reference DNA sequence.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the decoding of digital audio data encoded in accordance with layer 1 or 2 of the MPEG format. The inverse quantization of the quantizised data samples and the resealing of the inverse quantizised data samples takes place contemporaneously with windowing of the data samples transformed into the time domain and not contemporaneously with transformation of data samples from the frequency domain into the time domain using a matrix operation. The apparatus has fixed-wire frame unpacking and filter bank units. The frame unpacking unit is used for frame synchronization of a data stream, header decoding, reading of page information, inverse quantization of quantizised subband data samples and resealing of the inverse quantizised data samples. The filter bank unit is used for transformation of rescaled data samples from the frequency domain into the time domain using a matrix operation and for windowing of the data transformed into the time domain.