Abstract: The illustrated embodiments include an apparatus to reduce or eliminate full thickness injury in tissue and to deform tissue which includes a probe or mechanism for deforming tissue, and a subsystem for selectively cooling and/or heating tissue while deformation is of the tissue is being performed. The illustrated embodiments of the invention also extend to a method to reduce or eliminate full thickness injury in tissue and to deform tissue including the steps of deforming tissue, and selectively cooling and/or heating tissue while deformation of the tissue is being performed.

Abstract: A device for shaping tissue includes a tip with an internal close-looped circulation system. The tip is configured to connect to tubes. One tube is configured to connect to a submersible cold-water pump. Another tube is an outlet. The tip has a sapphire window on one face and, on opposite face, a shaft with a laser fiber therein, and an opening for laser beam to shine through.

Abstract: A package comprises a body having a mounting surface so as to be mounted to an external surface, and a coil having at least 100 turns around a coil axis. A first end of the coil is oriented in a first direction substantially parallel to the mounting surface such that the first end is attachable to the external surface. The package includes a ferromagnetic element that extends along the coil axis such that the ferromagnetic element is magnetically coupled to the coil. The body is configured to house the coil and the ferromagnetic element.

Abstract: An antimicrobial lignin composition derived from wood biomass for use as a food additive is described. The additive comprises enriched lignin, carbohydrates and water. A method of making a microbial inhibiting food matrix and a method of treating food to inhibit microbial growth are also described.

Abstract: An ink jet head includes a substrate having a pressure chamber formed therein, the pressure chamber being in communication with a nozzle through which ink is to be discharged, a first plate that is deformable to change a volume of the pressure chamber, and a second plate between the first plate and the pressure chamber, that stretches in response to an electric signal applied thereto. The second plate contracts in an in-plane direction to cause the first plate to deform and thereby the volume of the pressure chamber to be enlarged, when the electric signal is applied, and the second plate returns to an original shape thereof to cause the first plate to return to an original shape thereof and thereby the volume of the pressure chamber to return to an original volume thereof, when the electric signal is no longer applied.

Abstract: An ink jet head includes a pressure chamber connected to a nozzle, an actuator configured to cause liquid in the pressure chamber to be ejected from the nozzle by deforming a wall of the pressure chamber, and a drive circuit configured to apply voltage to the actuator to drive the actuator. When a droplet of the liquid is ejected from the nozzle, the voltage applied to the actuator is changed from a first value to a second value that causes the pressure chamber to expand, and then changed from a third value that is equal to the second value or between the first value and the second value to the first value after a time period ?, which is a primary natural oscillation period of the actuator when the pressure chamber and the nozzle are filled with the liquid.

Abstract: A method of altering adipose tissue includes creating an electrochemical reaction in the tissue, wherein the electrochemical reaction occurs in the presence of an electrolytic solution in the tissue.

Abstract: A method of modifying a tissue includes providing an electrochemical reaction in the tissue by the use of an anodic electrode and a cathodic electrode wherein at least one of the anodic and cathodic electrodes is in contact with the tissue; and setting a concentration of electrochemically generated chemical agents that affect the tissue.

Abstract: According to one embodiment in an inkjet head, the common electrodes for all the actuators, without overlapping with the first wiring pattern formed by individual electrodes, are connected to a second wiring pattern that passes between the outer peripheral portion of piezoelectric bodies, and a third wiring pattern that extends in a direction different from a direction of the second wiring pattern. The first wiring pattern and the third wiring pattern are electrically insulated at intersections thereof.

Abstract: A method of altering skin tissue includes creating an electrochemical reaction in the tissue, wherein the electrochemical reaction occurs while avoiding electro-thermal damage to the tissue.

Abstract: An optical encoder is disclosed. Specifically, a reflective encoder is disclosed that includes an emitter configured to emit light, a first detector configured to receive a first portion of the light emitted by the emitter and convert the received first portion of the light into one or more electrical signals, the received first portion of the light at least one of passing through and being reflected by an optical track of a coding element. The reflective encoder also includes a second detector configured to receive second portion of the light emitted by the emitter and convert the received second portion of the light into one or more electrical signals, the emitter is positioned between the first detector and the second detector such that a first light path between the emitter and first detector is approximately a same distance as a second light path between the emitter and the second detector.

Abstract: According to one embodiment in an ink jet head, the common electrodes for all the actuators, without overlapping with the first wiring pattern formed by individual electrodes, are connected to a second wiring pattern that passes between the outer peripheral portion of piezoelectric bodies, and a third wiring pattern that extends in a direction different from a direction of the second wiring pattern. The first wiring pattern and the third wiring pattern are electrically insulated at intersections thereof.

Abstract: An ink jet head includes a substrate having a pressure chamber formed therein, the pressure chamber being in communication with a nozzle through which ink is to be discharged, a first plate that is deformable to change a volume of the pressure chamber, and a second plate between the first plate and the pressure chamber, that stretches in response to an electric signal applied thereto. The second plate contracts in an in-plane direction to cause the first plate to deform and thereby the volume of the pressure chamber to be enlarged, when the electric signal is applied, and the second plate returns to an original shape thereof to cause the first plate to return to an original shape thereof and thereby the volume of the pressure chamber to return to an original volume thereof, when the electric signal is no longer applied.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of electrochemistry to control and generate specific user defined chemical reactions in regions that may be defined by electrode placement and geometry. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method of shape changing cartilage in a subject through potential-driven electrochemical modification of tissue (PDEMT) or use of a potential-driven electromechanical (EMR) device.

Abstract: According to an example, a base, a diaphragm, and a driving element are provided. The driving element includes a first electrode disposed on a second surface of the diaphragm, a second electrode opposing the first electrode, and a piezoelectric body interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. In addition, an inter-wiring insulating film that covers the second surface of the diaphragm and the driving element, and an extracting electrode which is on the inter-wiring insulating film, are further provided. The inter-wiring insulating film includes a contact hole that exposes a part of the second electrode and through which the second electrode and the extracting electrode contact each other. The contact hole is disposed at a position which aligned with a solid portion of a circumferential wall of the pressure chamber in the base.

Abstract: According to one embodiment in an ink jet head, the common electrodes for all the actuators, without overlapping with the first wiring pattern formed by individual electrodes, are connected to a second wiring pattern that passes between the outer peripheral portion of piezoelectric bodies, and a third wiring pattern that extends in a direction different from a direction of the second wiring pattern. The first wiring pattern and the third wiring pattern are electrically insulated at intersections thereof.

Abstract: A dispersed mobile-phase countercurrent chromatography system is described in which solutes are carried by a stream of dispersed mobile phase solvent through a column, or array of serially-connected columns, of stationary phase solvent with which the mobile phase solvent is immiscible. Solutes carried along by the stream of dispersed mobile-phase solvent will be equilibrated between the mobile-phase solvent and the stationary-phase solvent. Because the mobile-phase is dispersed into mini-droplets much smaller in diameter than the column of stationary phase, the enhanced surface/volume ratio of the droplets expedites countercurrent equilibration of different solutes between the mobile-phase solvent and the stationary-phase solvent in accordance with the distribution-coefficients of the solutes between the two solvents.

Abstract: An ink jet head includes a pressure chamber connected to a nozzle, an actuator configured to cause liquid in the pressure chamber to be ejected from the nozzle by deforming a wall of the pressure chamber, and a drive circuit configured to apply voltage to the actuator to drive the actuator. When a droplet of the liquid is ejected from the nozzle, the voltage applied to the actuator is changed from a first value to a second value that causes the pressure chamber to expand, and then changed from a third value that is equal to the second value or between the first value and the second value to the first value after a time period ?, which is a primary natural oscillation period of the actuator when the pressure chamber and the nozzle are filled with the liquid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a shock absorbing device (100) for mating an integrated deck to a jacket leg (51), characterized by: a hollow constraining cylinder (10) having a bottom closure (11), connected to the top of the jacket leg (51); an elastomer module (20) provided in the hollow constraining cylinder (10), wherein inner diameter of the hollow constraining cylinder (10) is larger than outer diameter of the elastomer module (20) thereby forming an annular space; a plurality of reinforcing plates (30) embedded within the elastomer module (20), vertically spaced apart from each other; a protective assembly comprising a elastomeric cap (41) and a minimum of one protective ring (42) mounted to the elastomeric cap (41); wherein during mating of the integrated deck to jacket leg (51), a support column (52) of the integrated deck abuts on the protective assembly and compresses the elastomer module (20) to secure the connection of the integrated deck to the jacket leg (51).

Abstract: A transmissive optical encoder is disclosed. The transmissive optical encoder includes a detector, a code wheel, and an emitter. The detector includes an aperture through the detector. The aperture is configured to receive a rotary shaft of a motor. The code wheel is coupled to the rotary shaft of the motor. Rotation of the rotary shaft results in corresponding rotation of the code wheel. The emitter is configured to emit a light signal through the code wheel toward the detector. Rotation of the code wheel results in modulation of the light signal at the detector. Embodiments of the transmissive optical encoder consume relatively little space and facilitate alignment of the emitter and detector.