Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for range extension, basic service set (BSS) color labeling, and multi-user (MU) fragmentation and control in WLANs. A range extension notification/enablement scheme, a clear channel assessment (CCA), a headroom indication, and/or power scaling may be provided for a range extension mode. BSS color may be provided for multiple-BSSs under an access point (AP). Uplink (UL) transmission may be provided with different fragmentation capabilities. A high-efficiency (HE) trigger-based UL NDP physical layer convergence protocol (PLCP) protocol data unit (PPDU) frame may be provided. A station (STA) may receive a trigger frame comprising a null data packet (NDP) indication and a trigger type. The STA may determine that the STA is an intended recipient of the trigger frame. The STA may prepare an NDP PPDU for a control frame and/or a management frame based on the trigger type.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for transmitting a message. For example, a first radio access technology, RAT, and/or a second RAT may be determined. The first RAT may be determined for reception of data. The second RAT may be determined for the reception of the data, perhaps for example based on an indication received via the first RAT. The data may be received via a first node associated with the first RAT and a second node associated with the second RAT.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting using beam are disclosed. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may transmit a first physical random access channel (PRACH) preamble to a base station using a first beam at a first power level. The WTRU may receive an indication that the first PRACH preamble was received by the base station. If the indication was received, the WTRU may transmit data. If the indication was not received, the WTRU may select the first beam or a second beam to use for a second PRACH preamble. Further, the first and second beams may be different beams. If the first beam is selected, the WTRU may increase a transmission power level of the second PRACH preamble by a first power ramp step. If the second beam is selected, the WTRU may not increase the transmission power level of the second PRACH preamble by the first power ramp step.

Abstract: Precoding, a symbol permutation operation, or pulse shaping may be used to suppress or cancel a tail or head of a symbol. Precoding may include utilization of a suppression vector. A unique word (UW) may be added to the suppression vector before spreading. The symbol and values of the suppression vector may be spread by a spreading function(s) and may be shaped prior to transmission.

Abstract: Systems, methods and instrumentalities are disclosed to enable time domain null-forming. An access point (AP) may be configured to send a channel training request to a station (STA). The AP may be configured to receive a channel training packet in response to the channel training request. The channel training packet may include a legacy long training field (LTF). The AP may estimate the channel. The channel estimation may be computed using the legacy LTF. The AP may compute a null-forming vector using the channel estimation. The AP may use the null-forming vector to precode the entire packet.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems to enable a channel estimation of more than one channel for Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) communications in a wireless network is provided. The method includes determining a first set of complex numbers comprising first channel estimation signal associated with a first channel, determining a second set of complex numbers comprising second channel estimation signal associated with a second channel, and transmitting the first set of complex numbers and the second set of complex numbers via a physical layer (PHY) frame, wherein the second set of complex numbers are complex conjugates of the first set of complex numbers.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for multiple resource unit (RU) allocation for OFDMA WLAN. A transmitter may parse an encoded bit stream into a plurality of spatial streams. The transmitter may determine an allocation of encoded bits of the plurality of spatial streams to a plurality of interleavers. The transmitter may allocate the encoded bits to the plurality of interleavers based on the determined allocation. The allocation of the encoded bits may be determined based on one or more of channel related feedback, an RU configuration associated with the transmission, a quality of service (QoS), and/or traffic priorities. The transmitter may interleave the encoded bits using the plurality of interleavers. The transmitter may combine the interleaved encoded bits from the plurality of interleavers into a sequenced bit stream.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for multi-user concurrent random access for wireless local area networks (WLANs) is described. The method, implemented in a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU), includes detecting a trigger frame for uplink (UL) multi-user (MU) transmission. The trigger frame includes an assignment of resource units (RUs) for random access in upcoming UL MU packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) protocol data units (PPDUs) and an indication that the trigger frame is one of a plurality of trigger frames in a cascading sequence of trigger frames in an MU transmission opportunity (TxOP). The method further includes selecting one of the RUs in the assignment of RUs for a random access transmission and sending the random access transmission on the selected one of the RUs.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatuses are disclosed for transmitting a plurality of bits to an access point (AP) and receiving constellation symbol from the AP. A constellation symbol may include a plurality of indications of bits. Each indication of the plurality of indications of bits may be associated with a respective wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) of a plurality of WTRUs. The plurality of indications of bits may include indications of bits modulated at a multi-user constellation bit division multiple access modulator (MU-CBDMAM).

Abstract: Precoding, a symbol permutation operation, or pulse shaping may be used to suppress or cancel a tail or head of a symbol. Precoding may include utilization of a suppression vector. A unique word (UW) may be added to the suppression vector before spreading. The symbol and values of the suppression vector may be spread by a spreading function(s) and may be shaped prior to transmission.

Abstract: Methods and systems for negotiating an ACK policy between a STA and an AP operating in a LAN are provided. Transmission of a modified ULR frame from a STA to an AP is provided. The ULR frame may include information related to a traffic stream for which the STA is requesting one or more transmission opportunities. The related information may include a determined priority associated with the traffic stream and a requested ACK type. The transmission opportunity may be one or more of a single user transmission opportunity, part of a multi-user transmission opportunity, or a peer-to-peer transmission opportunity.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for half-duplex (HD) frequency division duplex (FDD) (HD-FDD) operation are disclosed. The method in a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) includes monitoring a first frequency for all downlink sub-frames for downlink communication except during a cell specific uplink frame, retuning to a second frequency and transmitting a scheduling request (SR) during a WTRU specific period of the cell specific uplink frame, wherein the WTRU specific period is based on a duty cycle, and retuning to the first frequency and receiving an uplink grant in a subsequent sub-frame.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system for multiple wireless transmit/receive units (WTRUs) communicating with a base station are disclosed. A base station, such as an eNB, may assign each WTRU of a plurality of WTRUs a portion of a transmission time interval (TTI) and then send that assignment to each respective WTRU in a control channel. The base station may then send data to one or more WTRUs in their respective assigned portions on a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH). The portion may be one or a plurality of a time slots. The portion may be a fraction of the TTI.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing uplink (UL) transmit diversity implemented in a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) includes receiving a signal including precoding information. The precoding information is detected and applied to an UL transmission. The UL transmission is transmitted with the applied precoding information.

Abstract: ePDCCH may be provided. For example, a WTRU may receive a configuration for monitoring an ePDCCH resource. Based on the configuration, the WTRU may be configured to monitor and may monitor the ePDCCH resource on a particular subframe. Additionally, a WTRU may derive an aggregation level for a subframe associated with an aggregation level number NAL. The WTRU may transmit or monitor an ePDCCH using the aggregation level associated with the NAL for the subframe. A WTRU may also receive a reference signal. The WTRU may then determine the type of reference signal received. The WTRU may perform a demodulation of the PDSCH or ePDCCH using a demodulation timing based on the determined type. The ePDCCH or PDSCH may also be monitored or received by identifying a demodulation reference timing implicitly based on a location of one or more ePDCCH resources where the WTRU may receive DCI.

Abstract: Mechanisms may be used for aggregating acknowledgement (ACK), block ACK (BA) and/or short packets transmissions for multi-user (MU) wireless communication systems. Aggregation mechanisms may be used for uplink (UL) and/or downlink (DL) orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), and/or UL/DL multiple-user multiple input multiple output (MU-MIMO) transmissions, for example. Multi-user short packets may be aggregated and/or simultaneously transmitted for DL, UL, or peer-to-peer (P2P) transmissions.

Abstract: Systems and methods for managing control signaling overhead for a multi-carrier HSDPA (MC-HSDPA) may be disclosed. In particular, a plurality of downlink carriers may be received and bundled or paired. Configuration information indicative of the bundling may then be generated and transmitted. Additionally, one or more components such as antennas, user equipment (UE), and the like may receive an indication of a configuration or state via a high speed shared control channel (HS-SCCH) order where the indication includes order bits and order types and the configuration may be applied to activate and/or deactivate the components or operations such as uplink closed-loop transmit diversity (CLTD), uplink multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO). The order bits and/or order types may also be extended to support the activation/deactivation of additional carriers of MC-HSDPA.

Abstract: A method for dynamically controlling the transmit power of transmission streams transmitted via multiple antennas is disclosed. A transmit power level for multiple streams is determined based on a first reference channel. The difference of signal to interface ratios (SIRs) between two reference channels may represent a power offset. The power offset may be used to determine gain factors used to transmit data channels on the secondary stream with reference to the gain factor of the first reference channel. The power offset may be used to determine other parameters, such a serving grant or transport block sizes of channels carried on the secondary stream. The power offset may allow transmission parameters of channels on the secondary stream to be determined based on the transmit power level of the primary stream and a gain factor for a reference channel transmitted via the primary stream.

Abstract: ePDCCH may be provided. For example, a WTRU may receive a configuration for monitoring an ePDCCH resource. Based on the configuration, the WTRU may be configured to monitor and may monitor the ePDCCH resource on a particular subframe. Additionally, a WTRU may derive an aggregation level for a subframe associated with an aggregation level number NAL. The WTRU may transmit or monitor an ePDCCH using the aggregation level associated with the NAL for the subframe. A WTRU may also receive a reference signal. The WTRU may then determine the type of reference signal received. The WTRU may perform a demodulation of the PDSCH or ePDCCH using a demodulation timing based on the determined type. The ePDCCH or PDSCH may also be monitored or received by identifying a demodulation reference timing implicitly based on a location of one or more ePDCCH resources where the WTRU may receive DCI.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for power scaling for multi-carrier wireless terminals are disclosed. Methods and mechanisms are provided for power scaling when a multi-carrier WTRU reaches its maximum output power.