Abstract: Separators for use in batteries are disclosed. In various embodiments, the separators include one or more of raised shoulders, ribs in three or more sizes, thickened mini-ribs on shoulders, and ribs within the shoulder. The disclosed separators are more resistant to failure due to punctures or tears than conventional separators.

Abstract: A waste heat steam generator including evaporator tubes is provided. The evaporator tubes are connected in parallel on the flow medium side, a plurality of overheating tubes are mounted downstream of the evaporator tubes using a water separation system. The water separation system includes water separation elements, each water separation element being respectively mounted downstream of the plurality of evaporator tubes and/or upstream of a plurality of overheating tubes. Each water separating element includes an inlet pipe which is respectively connected upstream to the evaporator tubes, the inlet pipe extending into a water evacuation pipe when seen in the longitudinal direction. A plurality of outflow pipes branch off in the transitional area, the pipes being connected to an inlet collector of the overheating tubes which are respectively connected downstream. A distribution element is arranged on the steam side between the respective water separating element and the inlet collector.

Abstract: A continuous steam generator is provided. The continuous steam generator includes a number of burners for fossil fuels, the outside wall thereof being fully or partially formed from steam generator tubes welded together in a gas-tight manner. The burners are arranged in a combustion chamber, and a vertical gas duct is mounted downstream of the combustion chamber above a horizontal gas duct on the hot gas side. A first part of the steam generating tubes forms a system of evaporation tubes mounted upstream of a water separator system, on the flow medium side, and a second side, and a second part of the steam generating tubes forms a system of superheater tubes mounted downstream of the water separator system on the flow medium side. Superheater tubes adjacent and parallel to evaporation tubes are mounted directly downstream of the water separator system on the flow medium side.

Abstract: A method for operating a continuous flow steam generator with an evaporator heating surface is provided. A target value for a supply water mass flow is fed to a device for adjusting the supply water mass flow. In order to improve the quality of a predictive supply water or mass flow control and to maintain the enthalpy of the flow medium at the evaporator outlet particularly stable especially when load changes occur, a correction factor is taken into consideration during production of the target value for the supply water mass flow. The correction factor is a characteristic of the temporal derivative of enthalpy or the density of the flow medium at the input of one or more heating surfaces.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to a device for homogenizing a glass melt in a melt receptacle, wherein at least one stirring device (10, 11) is disposed in the melt receptacle, which comprises a stirrer shaft (10) and a plurality of stirrer blades (11), and wherein a gap (16) is formed between a wall region of the melt receptacle (2) and the stirrer blades (11). According to the invention, the respective stirring device causes an axial feed action in an inner stirring region (12) between the stirrer shaft (10) and the stirrer blades (11) in order to feed the melt in the stirring region along the stirrer shaft (10). A melt flow brought about by the axial feed action seals the gap (16) against direct passage of the melt. According to the invention, a very high gap width can be achieved, thus preventing the abrasion of materials in the region of the marginal gap. This also reduces the complexity required for adjusting the device.

Abstract: A method for starting a continuous steam generator is provided. The steam generator includes a combustion chamber provided with a plurality of burners, a water-steam separation device that is mounted downstream of evaporator tubes of the water-steam separation device on a flow-medium side. The amount of water flowing into the water-steam separation device during a starting process is kept to a minimum. The firing power of at least one of the burners is adjusted in accordance with a filling level characteristic value of the water-steam separation device.

Abstract: In a rotary handle for a thermostatically controlled valve, which is arranged on an actuator brought out of a valve housing, having a stop body, which acts together with a stop cam provided on the valve housing. It is provided that the stop body is movable in the rotation direction in such a way that by a relative movement between the stop body and the rotary handle, turning of the rotary handle by a rotation angle greater than 360° is made possible.

Abstract: A method for operating a once-through steam generator including an evaporator heating surface is provided. A target value for the supply water mass flow is fed to a device for setting the supply water mass flow, which is predefined using the ratio of the heat flow currently being transferred in the evaporator heating surface from the hot gas to the flow medium to a target enthalpy increase predefined with respect to the desired live steam condition of the flow medium in the evaporator heating surface. A forced-flow steam generator used for carrying out the method is also provided. The heat flow transferred from the hot gas to the flow medium is ascertained for this purpose allowing for a specific temperature value characteristic of the current temperature of the hot gas at the evaporator inlet and a specific mass flow value characteristic for the current mass flow of the hot gas.

Abstract: Disclosed are devices and methods for supporting glass sheets during a thermal treatment process, such as heat treating, to maintain the physical geometry of the glass sheets. The device can comprise means for separating adjacent glass sheets to prevent them from touching. The separating means can comprise a separation comb having projections and channels configured for receiving the glass sheets, separating rods configured to be positioned between the glass sheets, or a combination of separation combs and separating rods.

Abstract: A method for determining a condition indicator of a water analysis apparatus includes determining a respective parameter value for each of at least two different technical parameters of the water analysis apparatus. A respective deviation value of each of the parameter values is determined with respect to an associated respective parameter reference value for each of the technical parameters. A respective deviation relevance value from each of the deviation values is determined using a respective parameter-specific deviation relevance function for each of the parameter values, the parameter-specific deviation relevance functions being different from each other. Using an indicator function, a condition indicator is calculated from the determined deviation relevance values.

Abstract: The apparatus (300) for feeding, homogenizing, and conditioning a high viscosity glass melt for manufacturing display glass has a stirring device (110, 406), an upstream connecting part (100, 400) that connects the stirring device (110, 406) to an upstream melting and/or refining unit, and a downstream connecting part (120, 420) that connects the stirring device (110, 406) to a downstream forming or shaping device. Wall material and base material of the first and connecting parts and the stirring device (110, 406) coming in contact with the glass melt are made from a zirconium-dioxide-containing fire-resistant material containing a large amount, preferably more than 85 wt. %, of zirconium dioxide. A method of operating the apparatus to make display glass is also described.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical hybrid lens. According to the invention, the lens consists of a substrate (1) that consists of a ceramic having a predetermined shape and at least another material (2), which covers a surface of the substrate (1) at least in certain sections in order to form a lens surface. Use of an optical ceramic as a material enables an additional degree of freedom for adjusting the imaging properties of the hybrid lens. The optical ceramic may have a high refractive index and a low dispersion. The other material can be a material that can be deformed or recast at temperatures that are low in comparison to those of the optical ceramic. In particular the other material can be a low-TG glass or a polymer. The other material is directly applied onto the substrate without a further surface finishing being necessarily required. Other aspects of the invention relate to an optical lens group, an optical image acquisition device, and a process for manufacturing a hybrid lens.

Abstract: A glass sheet guidance system includes a guidance member (22) having a small contact area with the glass sheet (12) and being taut to provide guidance to the glass sheet. In order to provide consistent guidance, even in environments where there is a large change in temperature, the guidance member is held taut by a tension member (24). The guidance member is supported by holders (10) so that, while remaining taut, the guidance member can be moved in three dimensions so as to accommodate glass sheets having different widths (1), heights (2), and thicknesses (3). Also, there is provided a method of guiding glass sheets with the guidance system.

Abstract: A glass sheet guidance system includes a guidance member (22) having a small contact area with the glass sheet (12) and being taut to provide guidance to the glass sheet. In order to provide consistent guidance, even in environments where there is a large change in temperature, the guidance member is held taut by a tension member (24). The guidance member is supported by holders (10) so that, while remaining taut, the guidance member can be moved in three dimensions so as to accommodate glass sheets having different widths (1), heights (2), and thicknesses (3). Also, there is provided a method of guiding glass sheets with the guidance system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for operating a continuous steam generator. The aim of the invention is to provide, with little technical complexity and for any operating state, a synchronous variation of the feed-water mass flow passing through the evaporator heating surface and of the heat input into the evaporator heating surface. To this end, a regulating device for the discharge of feed-water is allocated to a device for adjusting the feed-water mass flow. The control variable of said regulating device is the feed-water mass flow, while its set-point value in relation to the feed-water mass flow depends on the set-point value associated to the power of the steam generator. The actual value of the feed-water density at the entry of the pre-heater is fed to the regulating device for the discharge of feed-water as one of the input values.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a monocrystalline or polycrystalline semiconductor material by way of directional solidification, wherein lumpy semiconductor raw material is introduced into a melting crucible and melted therein and directionally solidified, in particular using the vertical gradient freeze method. In order to prevent contamination and damage, the semiconductor raw material is melted from the upper end of the melting crucible. The molten material trickles downward, so that semiconductor raw material which has not yet melted gradually slumps in the melting crucible. In this case, the additional semiconductor raw material is replenished to the melting crucible from above onto a zone of semiconductor raw material which has not yet melted or is not completely melted, in order at least partly to compensate for a volumetric shrinkage of the semiconductor raw material and to increase the filling level of the crucible.

Abstract: A heating apparatus for the conductive heating of melts, in particular for the rapid melting-down, refining and/or conditioning of melts, is provided. The heating apparatus includes at least one electrode, as well as a first cooling system with a cooling power, which can be set and/or controlled variably.

Abstract: A native binding technique is provided for insetting calls to native functions during translation of subject code to target code, such that function calls in the subject program to subject code functions are replaced in target code with calls to native equivalents of the same functions. Parameters of native function calls are transformed from target code representations to be consistent with native code representations, native code calling conventions, and native function prototypes.

Abstract: A steam generator comprising a combustion chamber having funnel-shaped side walls in the bottom area thereof and an encircling wall formed from a plurality of steam generator pipes through which a flow medium can flow, wherein there area as little temperature differences as possible in the flow medium at the output of the steam generator pies. The steam generator pipes are, more particularly, arranged in the lower section forming the funnel-shaped side walls such that they are exposed to heat in as homongenous a manner as possible. According to the invention, the diameter of a number of steam generator pipes in the region of the funnel shaped side walls is different from that in the region of the encircling wall.

Abstract: A native binding technique is provided for inserting calls to native functions during translation of subject code to target code, such that function calls in the subject program to subject code functions are replaced in target code with calls to native equivalents of the same functions. Parameters of native function calls are transformed from target code representations to be consistent with native code representations, native code calling conventions, and native function prototypes.