Abstract: A partial beam splitter includes a substrate including a substrate material; and a coating arranged on at least one main surface of the substrate. Along a first direction which is parallel to a normal vector of the main surface, the substrate and all coatings having a total thickness. For a specific light beam having a specific wavelength within a range of 450 nm and 650 nm which is incident on the partial beam splitter along a second direction with an angle of 32° enclosed between a vector pointing in the first direction and a vector pointing in the second direction, the specific light beam after transmitting through the partial beam splitter has a phase having a phase difference of an absolute value of smaller than or equal to 30° compared to the case in which, under otherwise identical conditions, the partial beam splitter is replaced by a similar reference substrate.

Abstract: A method includes producing filamentary damages in a volume of a glass or glass ceramic element that are adjacently aligned along a separation line and that extend obliquely relative to a surface of the glass or glass ceramic element, and separating a portion from the glass or glass ceramic element along the separation line. The step of producing the filamentary damages includes directing laser pulses of an ultrashort pulse laser obliquely on the surface so that the laser pulses have a light propagation direction that extends obliquely relative to the surface and so that the filamentary damages resulting from the laser pulses have the longitudinal extension that extends obliquely relative to the surface, generating a plasma within the volume with the laser pulses, and displacing the laser pulses at points of incidence over the surface along the separation line.

Abstract: A waveguide for guiding an image pixel light includes: a solid body including an optical material which is transparent for at least a light with a wavelength of 460 nm; an in-coupling surface located on the solid body; and an out-coupling surface located on the solid body, wherein the optical material has an absorption coefficient ?460 nm for light having a wavelength of 460 nm, a thermal conductivity k, a coefficient of thermal expansion ?20° C. at a temperature of 20° C., a refractive index nF related to the hydrogen F-line, and a derivative dnF/dT20° C. which are related in such a way that a thermally induced change of an optical path length within the waveguide due to an absorption of at least one of heat and an optical radiation is quantitatively described by a merit function.

Abstract: An optical system for a camera module includes: an image sensor; and an optical arrangement defining a beam path, the optical arrangement including a plurality of optical components including a first prism and an optical lens system, the plurality of optical components being arranged in the beam path in a sequential order relative to one another and in front of the image sensor, the sequential order being such that the first prism is positioned before the optical lens system, at least one of the plurality of optical components including at least one absorption filter.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing glass products from tubular glass precursors is provided. In particular, a method and apparatus for separating tube glass into sized glass tube portions, produced glass tube portions, glass precursor portions, or glass product portions, and their use as pharmaceutical packaging are provided. The tube glass or the glass precursor or the glass product is provided with filaments along predetermined breaking planes. The filaments extend obliquely to the local wall radius and allow for clean separation of the tube glass or the glass precursor or the glass product.

Abstract: A method is provided that includes producing filamentary damages in a volume of a glass or glass ceramic element adjacently aligned along a separation line and extend obliquely relative to a surface of the glass or glass ceramic element; and separating a portion from the glass or glass ceramic element along the separation line. The step of producing the filamentary damages includes directing laser pulses of an ultrashort pulse laser obliquely on the surface so that the laser pulses have a light propagation direction that extends obliquely relative to the surface and so that the filamentary damages resulting from the laser pulses have the longitudinal extension that extends obliquely relative to the surface; generating a plasma within the volume with the laser pulses; and displacing the laser pulses at points of incidence over the surface along the separation line.

Abstract: A glass container is provided that includes a tube, a circular bottom, and a longitudinal axis. A curved glass heel extends from an outer end the bottom to the first end of the tube. The two-dimensional distance h(x,y) between a contact plane and the outer surface. The two-dimensional distance is measured in a direction parallel to the axis. The slope magnitude of the outer surface at the given position x,y is given by ?{square root over ((dh/dx)2+(dh/dy)2)}. The 75% quantile of values that have been determined for the term ?{square root over ((dh/dx)2+(dh/dy)2)}×d1/h(xy)delta for all given positions x,y within a circular area having a radius of 0.4×d2/2 and that correspond to the centre is less than 4100 ?m/mm. The adjacent positions x,y increase stepwise by 200 ?m, and h(x,y)delta=h(x,y)max?h(x,y)min, h(x,y)max is a maximum value for h(x,y) and h(x,y)min is a minimum value for h(x,y) being determined in that circular area.

Abstract: An optical layered composite includes: a substrate having a front face, a back face, a thickness ds between the front face and the back face and a refractive index ns; and a coating applied to the front face. The coating comprises one or more coating layers. For at least one wavelength ?g in the range from 390 nm to 700 nm, the coating satisfies one of the following criterion: nc<ns; or nc>ns, and d c < k n c 2 - n s 2 · arctan ? n s 2 - 1 n c 2 - n s 2 ; nc is a mean refractive index of the coating layers, weighted by thickness; do is a total thickness of the coating; thicknesses are determined in a direction perpendicular to the front face; and k=?g/4?.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a device and a method for laser-based separation of a transparent, brittle workpiece, comprising a laser that emits a laser beam having an intensity (IL) along an optical axis (P), and an optical device. The optical device has at least one one-piece double axicon. The double axicon has an entrance surface and the optical device has an exit surface. The entrance surface is such that in the double axicon, a ring beam is formed. The intensity (IL) in the double axicon is lower than the threshold intensity (IS) of the material of the double axicon. The exit surface is such that a line focus having a maximum intensity (Imax) and a length (LT) is generated in the direction of the laser beam behind the exit.

Abstract: A component of glass or glass ceramic having predamages arranged along at least one predetermined dividing line is provided. The dividing line has a row of predamages lying one behind the other. The predamages pass continuously through the glass or the glass ceramic with at least 90% of the predamages being cylindrically symmetrical. The glass or the glass ceramic has a material compaction of at least 1% relative to an actual material density in a radius of 3 ?m about a longitudinal axis of respective pre-damaged points. The relative weight loss per pre-damaged point is less than 10% and the component has a thickness of at least 3.5 mm.

Abstract: A glass article has a refractive index nG?1.95 and an R-number in a range of from 0.900 to 1.050. The R-number is calculated according to the following formula: R = ( n G - 1 ) ? ( ln [ ? G 2 - ? min 2 ? G 2 - ? max 2 · ? max 2 ? min 2 ] 42 ? ln [ ? B 2 - ? min 2 ? B 2 - ? max 2 · ? R 2 - ? max 2 ? R 2 - ? min 2 ] + 1 2.8 ) . ?R=656 nm, ?G=587 nm and ?B=486 nm, ?min=33 nm, and nG is a refractive index of the glass article at a wavelength of 587 nm.

Abstract: A method for separating a portion from a sheet glass element having a thickness of at least 2 millimeters along an intended separation line that divides the sheet glass element into the portion and a remaining main part is provided. The method includes producing filamentary damages comprising sub-micrometer hollow channels in a volume of the glass sheet element adjacently aligned along the separation line; and heating and/or cooling the glass sheet element to cause expansion and/or contraction so that the portion detaches from the main part along the separation line. The portion and the remaining main part each remain intact as a whole. The step of producing the filamentary damages includes generating a plasma within the volume with laser pulses of an ultrashort pulse laser; and displacing points of incidence of the laser pulses over a surface of the glass sheet element along the separation line.

Abstract: A method for separating a substrate of a brittle-hard material is provided. The method includes the steps of introducing defects into the substrate at a spacing from one another along a separation line using at least one pulsed laser beam; selecting an average spacing between neighboring defects and a number of laser pulses for generating a respective defect such that a breaking stress (?B) for separating the substrate along the separation line is smaller than a first reference stress (?R1) of the substrate and such that an edge strength ?K of the separation edge obtained after separation is greater than a second reference stress (?R2) of the substrate; and separating the substrate after introducing the defects by applying a stress along the separation line.

Abstract: A component of glass or glass ceramic having predamages arranged along at least one predetermined dividing line is provided. The dividing line has a row of predamages lying one behind the other. The predamages pass continuously through the glass or the glass ceramic with at least 90% of the predamages being cylindrically symmetrical. The glass or the glass ceramic has a material compaction of at least 1% relative to an actual material density in a radius of 3 ?m about a longitudinal axis of respective pre-damaged points. The relative weight loss per pre-damaged point is less than 10% and the component has a thickness of at least 3.5 mm.

Abstract: A method and system for assessing the quality of at least one component of optical material which has at least one first center axis includes directing at least one light beam towards at least one detector device such that while changing the position and/or orientation of the component relative to the light beam, the light beam crosses at least from time to time the component and determining, with at least one determination device, at least one characterizing value of at least one figure of merit of the component based on analyzing, with at least one analyzing device, the dependency of a parameter of the light beam detected by the detector device on the position and/or orientation of the component.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a layered optical composite, in particular for use in an augmented reality device. In particular, the disclosure relates to a layered optical composite and a process for its preparation, a device comprising the layered optical composite and a process for its preparation, and the use of a layered optical composite in an augmented reality device. The present disclosure relates to a layered optical composite comprising: a. a substrate having a front face and a back face, b. a coating comprising: i. a type T layer, and ii. a type C region comprising one or more type C layers; in which the substrate has: i. a thickness tG in the range from 0.2 to 1.2 mm; ii. a refractive index nG at a wavelength ? in the range from 1.6 to 2.4; and iii. an optical absorption coefficient KG at the wavelength ? of less than 10 cm?1; in which the type C layers individually and independently have: i. a thickness tC in the range from 9 to 250 nm; ii.

Abstract: A method for separating a portion from a sheet glass element having a thickness of at least 2 millimeters along an intended separation line that divides the sheet glass element into the portion and a remaining main part is provided. The method includes producing filamentary damages comprising sub-micrometer hollow channels in a volume of the glass sheet element adjacently aligned along the separation line; and heating and/or cooling the glass sheet element to cause expansion and/or contraction so that the portion detaches from the main part along the separation line. The portion and the remaining main part each remain intact as a whole. The step of producing the filamentary damages includes generating a plasma within the volume with laser pulses of an ultrashort pulse laser; and displacing points of incidence of the laser pulses over a surface of the glass sheet element along the separation line.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for melting down glass are provided. The method includes using microwave radiation for at least part of the energy supply for melting for transforming a batch into a glass melt. The microwave radiation captures at least part of the transition between batch and primary melt. The method and apparatus include melting assembly with a melting tank which has walls within which both the batch for melting and the molten batch can be accommodated as a glass melt, where above the batch and above the glass melt there is at least one microwave-emitting source disposed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a device, in particular an augmented reality device. In particular, the disclosure relates to a device, a kit, a process for making the device, and a process for making a visual impression.

Abstract: A method for separating a substrate of a brittle-hard material is provided. The method includes the steps of introducing defects into the substrate at a spacing from one another along a separation line using at least one pulsed laser beam; selecting an average spacing between neighboring defects and a number of laser pulses for generating a respective defect such that a breaking stress (?B) for separating the substrate along the separation line is smaller than a first reference stress (?R1) of the substrate and such that an edge strength ?K of the separation edge obtained after separation is greater than a second reference stress (?R2) of the substrate; and separating the substrate after introducing the defects by applying a stress along the separation line.