Abstract: A radial cut profile is achieved while advancing a workpiece at a substantially constant rate in a direction towards a cutting blade by moving the workpiece vertically relative to the blade in synchronization with the oscillation of the workpiece. The vertical movement is provided by a linkage including two links pivotally connected to each other. The other end of one link is pivotally connected to the feed mechanism. The other end of the other link is fixed relative to the oscillating workpiece.

Abstract: A cutting blade the core of which is generally tear-drop shaped in cross-section. The sides of the tear-drop shaped core form an included angle of not less than about 5 degrees (and typically not less than about 9 degrees), and abrasive is provided essentially on only the wide bottom surface of the core.

Abstract: A high temperature heat exchanger is used with the Czochralski crystal growing method to control the heat extraction from crystal silicon ingots as they are grown. The high temperature heat exchanger also acts as a shaping die so that silicon bars, or ingots, of various shapes, including square, circular, rectangular or ribbon, can be produced by shaping during the growth stage.

Abstract: A process that, without doping of PBN crucibles, produces semi-insulating GaAs having low, or essentially no, dislocation density; and in which the crystal may be in situ annealed after growth. The process is a variant of the Heat Exchanger Method (HEM) disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,898,051. Crack-free, semi-insulating GaAs crystals having low dislocation density are grown from presynthesized undoped GaAs meltstock in sealed quartz (vitreous silica) crucibles, without the need for an encapsulant. One aspect of the invention features seeded growth of <100> orientation crystals having a dislocation density 1-2 orders of magnitude less than that of the seed; in another aspect, crystals having fewer than 500 dislocations/cam.sup.2 in their center column are grown without a seed.

Abstract: A wafering machine having a multiplicity of wire cutting blades supported by a bladehead reciprocally moving past a workpiece supported by a holder that rocks about an axis perpendicular to the wires at a frequency less than the reciprocation of the bladehead.

Abstract: A wafering machine having a multiplicity of wire cutting blades supported by a bladehead reciprocally moving past a workpiece supported by a holder that rocks about an axis perpendicular to the wires at a frequency less than the reciprocation of the bladehead.

Abstract: A narrow wire blade with abrasive particles plated within a longitudinally-extending, plated cutting portion that extends from only one side of a wire core and has parallel side walls spaced by a controlled width.

Abstract: Making a wire pack in which a plurality of wires of predetermined length extend between a pair of spaced supports by wrapping turns of wire in a helix around a cylindrical roll while maintaining a constant tension on the wire, placing the supports in position adjacent but spaced from each other and extending axially of the roll and clamping the wire to the supports, and then cutting the wire segments extending between the adjacent supports.

Abstract: A cutting process in which a blade under tension is moved relative to a workpiece. The blade has a longitudinally-extending abrasive-holding portion defined by blade material that is softer than the workpiece to be cut and overlies a high tensile strength core. The abrasive-holding portion defines a cutting surface extending between opposite sides of the blade and defining less than one-half the total outer surface of the blade, and abrasive particles are partially embedded into a longitudinally-extending segment of the cutting surface but not into the sides of the blade.

Abstract: In the growing of crystals, the formation of carbide contaminants is prevented by eliminating direct silica-graphite contact.

Abstract: Making a wire pack in which a plurality of wires of predetermined length extend between a pair of spaced supports by wrapping turns of wire in a helix around a cylindrical roll while maintaining a constant tension on the wire, placing the supports in position adjacent but spaced from each other and extending axially of the roll and clamping the wire to the supports, and then cutting the wire segments extending between the adjacent supports.

Abstract: Ingots are cast in silica containers in which the interior surface of the container is defined by a thin skin of high density glass behind which the silica wall varies in density and cristobalite phase content.

Abstract: A cutting process in which a blade under tension is moved relative to a workpiece. The blade has a longitudinally-extending abrasive-holding portion defined by blade material that is softer than the workpiece to be cut and overlies a high tensile strength core. The abrasive-holding portion defines a cutting surface extending between opposite sides of the blade and defining less than one-half the total outer surface of the blade, and abrasive particles are partially embedded into a longitudinally-extending segment of the cutting surface but not into the sides of the blade.

Abstract: Making a wire pack in which a plurality of wires of predetermined length extend between a pair of spaced supports by wrapping turns of wire in a helix around a cylindrical roll while maintaining a constant tension on the wire, placing the supports in position adjacent but spaced from each other and extending axially of the roll and clamping the wire to the supports, and then cutting the wire segments extending between the adjacent supports.

Abstract: A method for the production of improved, transparent single crystals having a corundum structure under conditions of minimum thermal strain, comprising the optimum orientation of growth planes of a seed crystal in a melt substantially parallel to the vertical side wall means of a crucible, and heating and subsequent cooling the melt, thereby nucleating on the seed crystal.

Abstract: In a cutting process in which a blade under tension is moved relative to a workpiece, that improvement wherein the blade has a longitudinally-extending abrasive-holding portion defined by blade material that is softer than the workpiece to be cut and overlies a high tensile strength core, the blade is placed under tension adjacent a charging element, and abrasive particles are introduced into the interface between the blade and charging element and partially embedded in the abrasive-holding portion by moving the blade relative to the charging element while forcing the blade and element towards each other.

Abstract: The unidirectional solidification of a metal-ceramic composite in a system omprising the positioning of a seed crystal in a crucible, adding a portion of premelted ceramic material, a metallic material, and the remainder of the premelted ceramic. The temperature of the ceramic material is raised to about 50.degree.C above its melting point and then slowly decreased with a corresponding increase in the flow of an inert coolant gas through the system thereby unidirectionally solidifying the material to produce a single crystal having the orientation of the seed.