Abstract: A tire rubber composition in accordance with the present disclosure comprises diene rubber and comprises porous foamed glass particles of porosity not greater than 80%. A tire rubber composition manufacturing method in accordance with the present disclosure comprises an operation in which porous foamed glass particles of porosity not greater than 80% fabricated using foaming agent comprising powdered seashells is kneaded into diene rubber.

Abstract: Provided a rubber composition for a tire that can have both ozone resistance and good appearance, and a pneumatic tire using the same. A rubber composition for a tire comprising a rubber component containing a hydrogenated copolymer obtained by hydrogenating an aromatic vinyl-conjugated diene copolymer, the hydrogenated copolymer having a weight average molecular weight measured by gel permeation chromatography of 300,000 or more and having a hydrogenation ratio of a conjugated diene moiety of 80 mol % or more, wherein the rubber composition does not substantially contain a chemical age resister.

Abstract: A rubber composition for a tire comprises 100 parts by mass of a rubber component comprising diene rubber, and from 0.5 to 20 parts by mass of pellets comprising paper powder and starch and having water content of 5 mass % or more. A tire is provided with a tread rubber part comprising a foamed rubber formed by the rubber composition. A method for manufacturing a tire comprises mixing from 0.5 to 20 parts by mass of pellets comprising paper powder and starch and having water content of 5 mass % or more with 100 parts by mass of a rubber component comprising diene rubber to prepare a rubber composition, producing an unvulcanized tire using the rubber composition obtained, and vulcanization molding the unvulcanized tire.

Abstract: Provided are a semiconductor device and a bidirectional field effect transistor which can easily overcome the tradeoff relation between the high voltage resistance and high speed in the semiconductor device using a polarization super junction, realize both the high voltage resistance and elimination of the occurrence of current collapse, operate at a high speed, and further the loss is low. The semiconductor device comprises a polarization super junction region and a p-electrode contact region. The polarization super junction region comprises an undoped GaN layer 11, an undoped AlxGa1-xN layer 12 with a thickness not smaller than 25 nm and not larger than 47 nm and 0.17?x?0.35, an undoped GaN layer 13 and a p-type GaN layer 14. When the reduced thickness tR is defined as tR=u+v(1+w×10?18) for the thickness u [nm] of the undoped GaN layer 13, the thickness v [nm] and the Mg concentration w [cm?3] of the p-type GaN layer 14, tR?0.864/(x?0.134)+46.0 [nm] is satisfied.

Abstract: Provided is a sleep display program, a sleep display method, and a sleep display device for visualizing an internal clock regarding sleep. The sleep display program is a program for displaying, in a display unit, sleep state data of a user that has been measured and recorded by a sleep evaluation device, the data including at least a wakeup time TW and a bedtime TZ, and the program including a step of obtaining the data from the sleep evaluation device, a step of displaying, in the display unit, a 24-hour circular time display image divided into time periods that each indicate a predetermined span of time, and a step of plotting, on the time periods in the time display image, a set number of days' worth of records of the wakeup times TW and the bedtimes TZ included in the data.

Abstract: Provided is a semiconductor element in which a two-dimensional hole gas with an enough concentration can exist, even though the p-type GaN layer is not provided on the topmost surface of the polarization super junction region. The semiconductor element comprises a polarization super junction region comprising an undoped GaN layer 11 with a thickness a [nm] (a is not smaller than 10 nm and not larger than 1000 nm), an AlxGa1-xN layer 12 and an undoped GaN layer 13. The Al composition x and the thickness t [nm] of the AlxGa1-xN layer 12 satisfy the following equation t??(a)x?(a) Where ? is expressed as Log (?)=p0+p1 log (a)+p2{log (a)}2 (p0=7.3295, p1=?3.5599, p2=0.6912) and ? is expressed as ?=p?0+p?1 log (a)+p?2{log (a)}2 (p?0=?3.6509, p?1=1.9445, p?2=?0.3793).

Abstract: A rubber composition for a tire comprises 100 parts by mass of a rubber component comprising diene rubber, and from 0.5 to 20 parts by mass of pellets comprising paper powder and starch and having water content of 5 mass % or more. A tire is provided with a tread rubber part comprising a foamed rubber formed by the rubber composition. A method for manufacturing a tire comprises mixing from 0.5 to 20 parts by mass of pellets comprising paper powder and starch and having water content of 5 mass % or more with 100 parts by mass of a rubber component comprising diene rubber to prepare a rubber composition, producing an unvulcanized tire using the rubber composition obtained, and vulcanization molding the unvulcanized tire.

Abstract: The increase of rubber hardness by the lapse of time is suppressed, and excellent on-ice performance due to porous cellulose particles is suppressed from being decreased. A rubber composition for a tire including 100 parts by mass of a rubber component including a diene rubber, from 0.3 to 20 parts by mass of porous cellulose particles having a porosity of from 75 to 95%, and from 1 to 30 parts by mass of a polymer gel that is crosslinked diene polymer particles having a functional group containing a hetero atom is disclosed. Furthermore, a pneumatic tire having a tread including the rubber composition is disclosed.

Abstract: Provided are a semiconductor device and a bidirectional field effect transistor which can easily overcome the tradeoff relation between the high voltage resistance and high speed in the semiconductor device using a polarization super junction, realize both the high voltage resistance and elimination of the occurrence of current collapse, operate at a high speed, and further the loss is low. The semiconductor device comprises a polarization super junction region and a p-electrode contact region. The polarization super junction region comprises an undoped GaN layer 11, an undoped AlxGa1-xN layer 12 with a thickness not smaller than 25 nm and not larger than 47 nm and 0.17?x?0.35, an undoped GaN layer 13 and a p-type GaN layer 14. When the reduced thickness tR is defined as tR=u+v(1+w×10?18) for the thickness u [nm] of the undoped GaN layer 13, the thickness v [nm] and the Mg concentration w [cm?3] of the p-type GaN layer 14, tR?0.864/(x?0.134)+46.0 [nm] is satisfied.

Abstract: A gait posture meter evaluates a gait posture of a measurement subject, and includes an accelerometer affixed to a centerline of a measurement subject's waist area, an evaluation unit that repeatedly finds an evaluation amount quantitatively expressing a gait posture of the measurement subject based on an output of the accelerometer in each of predetermined unit periods within a predetermined continuous walking period of no greater than ten minutes, and a display processing unit that displays the repeatedly-found evaluation amounts in time series in the display screen.

Abstract: A sheet binding apparatus which forms concavity and the convexity on a sheet bundle including a plurality of sheets in a thickness direction so as to bind the sheet bundle, the sheet binding apparatus includes: a pair of concave-convex members, each of which has concave-convex portion in the thickness direction of the sheet bundle and which forms the concavity and the convexity on the sheet bundle in the thickness direction while niping the sheet bundle therebetween; wherein in the pair of concave-convex members, one of the concave-convex members has a greater difference in height of the concave-convex portion than that of the other concave-convex member which engages with the above-described concave-convex member.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio imbalance among cylinders determining apparatus according to the present invention obtains an output Vabyfs of an air-fuel ratio sensor disposed at a portion downstream of an exhaust gas aggregated portion of an exhaust gas passage, and obtains a second-order differential value d2AF (a change rate of a change rate of a detected air-fuel ratio abyfs) of a detected air-fuel ratio abyfs represented by the air-fuel ratio sensor output Vabyfs. The imbalance determining apparatus determines that an air-fuel ratio imbalance state among cylinders is occurring when a detected air-fuel ratio second-order differential corresponding value (for example, a second-order differential value d2AF per se) obtained in accordance with the second-order differential value d2AF is larger than a first threshold value.

Abstract: A judging device comprises a catalyst, an upstream air/fuel ratio sensor having an air/fuel ratio sensing element covered with a diffusion resistance layer, and a downstream air/fuel ratio sensor. The judging device performs main feedback control to equalize the air/fuel ratio indicated by the output value of the upstream air/fuel ratio sensor to an upstream target air/fuel ratio and sub-feedback control to equalize the output value of the downstream air/fuel ratio sensor to a downstream target value. The judging device acquires “an imbalance judging parameter” which increases with “the increase of the difference between the amount of hydrogen contained in the exhaust gas before the exhaust gas passes through the catalyst and that after the exhaust gas passes through the catalyst” according to the sub-feedback amount. When the imbalance judging parameter is larger than an abnormality judgment threshold, the judging device judges that an air/fuel ratio imbalance among the cylinders has occurred.

Abstract: Provided is a sleep display program, a sleep display method, and a sleep display device for visualizing an internal clock regarding sleep. The sleep display program is a program for displaying, in a display unit, sleep state data of a user that has been measured and recorded by a sleep evaluation device, the data including at least a wakeup time TW and a bedtime TZ, and the program including a step of obtaining the data from the sleep evaluation device, a step of displaying, in the display unit, a 24-hour circular time display image divided into time periods that each indicate a predetermined span of time, and a step of plotting, on the time periods in the time display image, a set number of days' worth of records of the wakeup times TW and the bedtimes TZ included in the data.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting abnormal air-fuel ratio variation among cylinders of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine includes: a catalyst element that oxidizes hydrogen contained in exhaust gas to remove the hydrogen; a first air-fuel ratio sensor that detects an air-fuel ratio of exhaust gas that has not passed through the catalyst element; a second air-fuel ratio sensor that detects an air-fuel ratio of exhaust gas that has passed through the catalyst element; and a unit that determines whether abnormal air-fuel ratio variation among the cylinders has occurred based on an amount by which a value detected by the second air-fuel ratio sensor is leaner than a value detected by the first air-fuel ratio sensor.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining an air-fuel ratio imbalance among cylinders based on an output value of an air-fuel ratio sensor, an imbalance determination parameter which becomes larger or smaller as a difference among air-fuel ratios becomes larger, and performs determining an air-fuel ratio imbalance among cylinders based on a result of a comparison between the imbalance determination parameter and a imbalance determination threshold. The determining apparatus calculates a purge correction coefficient which compensates for a change in the air-fuel ratio due to an evaporated fuel gas which is generated in a fuel tank, while the evaporated fuel gas is being introduced into an intake passage, and corrects a fuel injection amount with the purge correction coefficient FPG.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining an air-fuel ratio imbalance among cylinders based on an output value of an air-fuel ratio sensor, an imbalance determination parameter which becomes larger or smaller as a difference among air-fuel ratios becomes larger, and performs determining an air-fuel ratio imbalance among cylinders based on a result of a comparison between the imbalance determination parameter and a imbalance determination threshold. The determining apparatus calculates a purge correction coefficient which compensates for a change in the air-fuel ratio due to an evaporated fuel gas which is generated in a fuel tank, while the evaporated fuel gas is being introduced into an intake passage, and corrects a fuel injection amount with the purge correction coefficient FPG.

Abstract: A monitoring apparatus including a catalytic converter, an upstream air-fuel ratio sensor, and a downstream air-fuel ratio sensor; calculates a sub feedback amount to have an air-fuel ratio represented based on an output value of the downstream air-fuel ratio sensor coincide with a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio; and controls an fuel injection amount based on an output value of the upstream air-fuel ratio sensor and the sub feedback amount, in such a manner that an air-fuel ratio of a mixture supplied to an engine coincides with the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio.

Abstract: A cylinder-to-cylinder air/fuel ratio imbalance determination system obtains an imbalance determination parameter that increases or decreases as a difference between the air/fuel ratios of different cylinders increases, based on output values of an air/fuel ratio sensor, and makes a cylinder-to-cylinder A/F imbalance determination, based on the result of comparison between the imbalance determination parameter and a threshold value for imbalance determination. The determination system changes the amount of fuel injected into one or more of the cylinders so as to create a forced imbalance condition in which the air/fuel ratio of a particular cylinder deviates from the air/fuel ratio of the remaining cylinders, and obtains an air/fuel ratio sensor evaluation parameter (e.g., rate of change ?AF of the detected air/fuel ratio) in this condition.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio imbalance among cylinders determining apparatus according to the present invention comprises an air-fuel ratio sensor having a protective cover and an air-fuel ratio detection element accommodated in the protective cover, and imbalance determining means. The imbalance determining means obtains a detected air-fuel ratio abyfs based on an output Vabyfs of the air-fuel ratio sensor every elapse of a constant sampling time ts, and obtains, as an indicating amount of air-fuel ratio change rate, a difference (detected air-fuel ratio change rate ?AF) between a present detected air-fuel ratio abyfs which is newly detected and a previous air-fuel ratio abyfsold which was detected the sampling time ts ago, an average of the detected air-fuel ratio change rate ?AF, and the like.