Abstract: When a head of a pack that can be a start point of consecutive recording is included in an ECC bank, data indicating this is set in an ECCTB (H in FIG. 2). When a head of a pack that can be a start point of consecutive recording is not included in the ECC bank, data indicating this is set in the ECCTB. Thus, when performing consecutive recording, a recording apparatus refers to contents of ECCTBs to detect a consecutive recording start allowing point closest to a point where a user desires to start consecutive recording, and starts the consecutive recording at the detected point.

Abstract: The invention relates to a magnetic tape recording apparatus which can record digital image data sufficient to allow a good image to be displayed upon variable speed reproduction in the long time mode. When image data for variable speed reproduction (for example, sixteenfold speed reproduction) is recorded discretely at positions which are traced by a rotary head upon variable speed reproduction, in the long time mode, the number of recording times of image data for same variable speed reproduction is increased and the number of sync blocks recorded in one recording operation is decreased when compared with those in recording in the standard mode. For example, in the standard mode, six sync blocks are recorded three times, but in the long time mode, four sync blocks are recorded four times. The present invention can be applied to a recording and reproduction apparatus which displays a good image upon variable speed reproduction.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a yeast which is tolerant to copper and which can incorporate copper at a high concentration, and also a method of removing or recovering copper from extracellular solution. The present invention is copper-tolerant yeast and the pectinases produced by the yeast. Particularly, the present invention is copper-tolerant yeast Cryptococcus sp. N6 strain isolated from deep-sea sediments and the pectinases produced by the yeast.

Abstract: An information recording apparatus for recording information on a predetermined recording medium includes a creation unit for creating search data from main image data; and a recording unit for recording the search data created by the creation unit and the main image data on the recording medium, wherein the creation unit creates first data by which an image can be displayed over one entire one screen, and second data for enhancing the image quality of the image displayed by the first data each as the search data, and the recording unit records the first data and the second data in a predetermined sequence.

Abstract: In order to freely control the ratio of video data to search data so as to record them, an MPEG video encoder codes an input video picture in order to create video data. A search-data creation circuit creates search data based on the video data and adds a macro block address to the search data.

Abstract: 139 sync blocks, each having 111 bytes, are disposed on each track of a magnetic tape. Among the 139 sync blocks, 121 sync blocks each consist of a two-byte detection pattern for detecting the sync block, three-byte identification information for identifying the sync block, 96-byte main data, and 10-byte inner error correcting code added to the identification information and the main data. In the remaining 18 sync blocks, instead of the main data, 96-byte outer error correcting code is included. The outer error correcting code is provided for each group of the 139 sync blocks. Such a group of 139 sync blocks is obtained by dividing 2224 sync blocks contained in sixteen tracks by sixteen planes, 1668 sync blocks contained in twelve tracks by twelve planes, or 1112 sync blocks contained in eight tracks by eight planes. The sync blocks are arranged on the magnetic tape so that the distance between the sync blocks belonging to the identical plane is constant among the planes.

Abstract: Audio signals and video signals are recorded as follows. Three video PES packets, each being formed of one video frame, are combined to form a video editing unit. Then, the video editing unit and the associated audio editing unit are alternately disposed on a magnetic tape. The recorded PES packets are output as a TS as follows. A STC is initialized, and then, PSI packets of a PAT and a PMT are output. TS packets specially used for a PCR for storing the STC are then output at certain intervals. Subsequently, video PES packets are converted into TSs, and the output of the video TSs is started while synchronizing a time obtained by subtracting vbv_delay from the first I-picture DTS with the STC. Audio PES packets are converted into TSs, and the output of the audio TSs is started while synchronizing a time obtained by subtracting the start up delay from the first frame with the STC. Data streams are recorded in the following manner.

Abstract: Pictures in number indicated by a value (3 in one example) of M in a GOP structure are set as one unit. AUX data (denoted by U in FIG. 32) related to those pictures, audio data (denoted by A in FIG. 32) corresponding to those pictures, and AUX data (denoted by X in FIG. 32) related to the audio data are arranged together at the head of 16 tracks that undergo interleaving. Subsequent to those data, one unit of pictures (3 pictures in one example) is arranged. An HD video signal and an HD audio signal can be recorded and played back with certainty.

Abstract: Data for variable-speed reading (such as 16-times-faster reading) is distributed and recorded at positions where a trace is to be made during the variable-speed reading. When data recording is performed by an MPEG method, for example, data for generating an I picture is recorded.

Abstract: Magnetic tape tracking control apparatus and method, magnetic tape format, recording medium and program for controlling tracking of tracks on a magnetic tape by a rotary head are disclosed. The magnetic tape tracking control apparatus comprises a first generating element for encoding an inputted video signal to generate the video data, a second generating element for generating search video data on the basis of the video data generated by the first generating element and a recording element for recording, on the tracks, the video data generated by the first generating element, the search video data generated by second generating element and positional information associated with a recording position of the search video data.

Abstract: A magnetic-tape recording apparatus records digital data on a magnetic tape by a rotating head. It includes a first obtaining device for obtaining predetermined-unit video data; a second obtaining device for obtaining audio data corresponding to the predetermined-unit video data; a synthesizing device for synthesizing the predetermined-unit video data and the audio data corresponding to the predetermined-unit video data such that they are continuous on a track in the magnetic tape without any space disposed therebetween; and a sending device for sending data synthesized by the synthesizing device to the rotating head in order to record the data on the magnetic tape.

Abstract: A method for detecting microorganisms present in a sample comprises the steps of: applying a non-lethal hydrostatic pressure to a sample containing microorganisms; and staining the microorganisms with a fluorescent dye. The method permits a significant increase in the uptake of a fluorescent substance by applying, to a sample, a desired non-lethal hydrostatic pressure, without causing any reduction of the survival rate of microorganisms. The method also permits the elimination of such a secondary effect that the subject microorganism undergoes proliferation during staining the same with a fluorescent dye. Thus, the present invention would contribute to the determination of the correct viable count in a wide variety of technical fields.

Abstract: A magnetic recording and reproducing apparatus in which a magnetic head contacts a recording medium to record or reproduce a signal onto or from the recording medium. The apparatus includes a measurement unit for measuring an abrasion amount of the magnetic head and outputting measurement data. A display unit displays the abrasion amount of the magnetic head represented by the measurement data outputted from the measurement unit.

Abstract: A supplied time code is multiplied to generate detailed time data. The detailed time data are latched at a given time in an input signal. The latched time data are converted into converted time data having a given data format. The converted time data are recorded in the same transmission path as the output signal.

Abstract: A data reproducing device for reproducing a positional information track formed in the longitudinal direction of a magnetic tape according to the present invention is capable of easily correcting regenerative positional information on the basis of count information even when the regenerative information is not obtained from the positional information tack by obtaining the count information consisting of the number so updating operations of positional information in accordance with a first clock generated based on the regenerative positional information acquired from the positional information track formed in the longitudinal direction of the magnetic tape and with a second clock generated based on rotation frequencies of tape reels for driving the magnetic tape.

Abstract: An information recording and reproducing apparatus having a self-diagnosis information storage mechanism is provided. This apparatus stores self-diagnosis information without increasing the storage capacity thereof and erasing important error information. According to the present invention, any inconforming of the apparatus itself or the quality of a signal recorded in the recording medium and error information regarding thereon is stored in a memory through discrimination/control device so that the information is read out from outside and at the same time, when a vital error occurs, storage of error information thereafter is inhibited while, as regards, information not stored, only the logic sum thereof is stored.

Abstract: A servo system for a motor having a rotor that includes a phase detector circuit for detecting a rotational phase of the rotor and for defining a plurality of angular positions of the rotor, each angle between adjacent angular positions being of the same size, a rotating device for rotating the rotor at a predetermined constant rotational speed, a speed detector circuit for detecting a rotational speed of the rotor at each of the angular positions, an error detector circuit for detecting errors of the speed detector circuit at each of the angular positions when the rotor is rotated at the predetermined constant rotational speed, a memory for storing the detection errors at each of the angular positions, and a servo control circuit for controlling a rotational speed and/or phase of the rotor in accordance with the rotational speed detected by the speed detector circuit and the detection errors read from the memory.

Abstract: A tape cassette loading system for a magnetic recording and reproducing apparatus, such as a VTR, capable of operating with a plurality of kinds of tape cassettes varying in the center distance between a pair of reels contained therein comprises a reel mount shifting mechanism which discriminates between different tape cassettes and varies the center distance between a pair of reel mounts of the VTR according to the center distance between a pair of reels of a tape cassette to be used, a cassette holder capable of moving between a cassette inserting position and a cassette mounting position, a tape loading mechanism for winding the tape of a tape cassette mounted on the reel mounts around a rotary drum, driving circuits respectively for driving the reel mount shifting mechanism, the cassette holder and the tape loading mechanism, a single variable output power circuit for supplying power to the driving circuits, and a control circuit for connecting the variable output power circuit alternately to the driving

Abstract: In recording and/or reproducing signals on a tape running between supply and take-up reels on which the tape is wound, the tape position is detected by initially determining the radii of the outer turns of the tape on the supply and take-up reels with the tape in a reference position, generating signal pulses in response to rotation of the reels for movement of the tape from the reference position, counting the numbers of such signal pulses generated during movement of the tape from the reference position to an arbitrary tape position, and calculating at least one of the radii of the outer turns of the tape on the supply and take-up reels for the arbitrary tape position on the basis of the corresponding radii for the reference tape position and the numbers of the signal pulses counted during movement of the tape from the reference position to the arbitrary tape position.

Abstract: A cassette tape loading apparatus is provided, by which a cassette tape wound around a pair of reels of a tape cassette is drawn from the tape cassette, wrapped around a rotary head drum of a cassette tape recorder and then recorded and/or reproduced, in which revolution speed of a reel motor rotating each of the reels is detected by a revolution speed detector and the detected revolution speed is compared with a reference revolution speed, and then on the basis of the compared results, the revolution speed of the reel motor is controlled to prevent the tape from being supplied from one reel to the other reel upon tape loading or tape unloading, whereby the position at which the tape is wrapped around the rotary head drum can be prevented from being displaced considerably and the tape can be protected from being damaged.