Abstract: A light fixture or troffer for directing light emitted from a light source toward an area to be illuminated, including a reflector assembly within which the light source is positioned and a lens assembly detachably secured to a portion of the reflector assembly such that a lens of the lens assembly overlies the light source and such that substantially all of the light emitted from the light source passes through the lens assembly. In one example, the lens includes a curved prismatic surface that can be oriented toward or away from the underlying light source.

Abstract: A light fixture or troffer for directing light emitted from a light source toward an area to be illuminated, including a reflector assembly within which the light source is positioned and a lens assembly detachably secured to a portion of the reflector assembly such that a lens of the lens assembly overlies the light source and such that substantially all of the light emitted from the light source passes through the lens assembly. In one example, the lens includes a curved prismatic surface that can be oriented toward or away from the underlying light source.

Abstract: An optical attenuator having a multi-mode waveguide segment and a perturbation element. An incident single-mode optical signal is converted to a multi-mode optical signal in the multi-mode waveguide segment. The optical attenuator couples incident light into higher order modes of the multi-mode waveguide segment resulting in attenuation of the incident optical signal.

Abstract: An optical attenuator having a multi-mode waveguide segment and a perturbation element. An incident single-mode optical signal is converted to a multi-mode optical signal in the multi-mode waveguide segment. The optical attenuator couples incident light into higher order modes of the multi-mode waveguide segment resulting in attenuation of the incident optical signal.

Abstract: An optical cross-connect switch and manufacturing method therefor is provided which includes a planar lightwave circuit having a number of optical waveguides and trenches. The planar lightwave circuit has a first waveguide and a second waveguide that intersect the trench such that optical coupling between the first and second waveguides is dependent upon a presence of a fluid at an intersection of the trench with the first and second waveguides. A mounting base, having a channel and through openings provided therein, has fill tubes disposed in the groove and through openings of the mounting base. A reservoir pedestal having through openings provided therein and bonded to the reservoir pedestal with the fill tubes extending through the through openings therein to form a reservoir substrate.

Abstract: An optical cross-connect switch and manufacturing method therefor is provided which includes a planar lightwave circuit having a number of optical waveguides and trenches. The planar lightwave circuit has a first waveguide and a second waveguide that intersect the trench such that optical coupling between the first and second waveguides is dependent upon a presence of a fluid at an intersection of the trench with the first and second waveguides. A mounting base, having a channel and through openings provided therein, has fill tubes disposed in the groove and through openings of the mounting base. A reservoir pedestal having through openings provided therein and bonded to the reservoir pedestal with the fill tubes extending through the through openings therein to form a reservoir substrate.

Abstract: A photonics apparatus is described. The photonics apparatus includes a plurality of components and a mounting member for mounting the components. The mounting member and the components are structured such that all of the components of the photonics module are precisely mounted and aligned on the mounting member without requiring active alignment and additional mounting member. The components mounted on the mounting member include at least a laser, a photo detector, and two spherical lenses. The components may also include an optical filter and a mirror. The mounting member is made of silicon such that a photo-lithographic masking and etching process can be used to precisely process the mounting member to mount these components. The photo detector includes an integrated mirror. The optical filter and the mirror may be integrated together to form an integrated device that is attached to the mounting member. A method of making the photonics apparatus is also described.

Abstract: Apparatus and process of determining stress underground, the apparatus having a central standard or shaft provided with a sensing head formed of equally circumferentially spaced, radially extending blades or vanes carried at the lower end portion of the shaft. Sensor elements or cells are carried within each blade, each sensor element having a pair of spaced, deformable, deflection diaphragms separated by a porous interior. The sensor head is inserted directly into the ground or lowered through a hollow auger to project into the ground, therefrom. In other embodiments, the sensor head is carried by a flexible actuator riding in a curved track of a housing. The head, which may be a single blade or a plurality of blades with embedded sensor cells, is recessed in the housing and is projected sidewise from the housing by manipulation of the actuator.