Abstract: A charge storage device comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode being opposed to and spaced apart from the first electrode; a porous separator disposed between the electrodes; a sealed package for containing the electrodes, the separator and an electrolyte in which the electrodes are immersed; and a first terminal and a second terminal being electrically connected to the first electrode and the second electrode respectively and both extending from the package to allow external electrical connection to the respective electrodes, wherein the gravimetric FOM of the device is greater than about 2.1 Watts/gram.

Abstract: A power supply (1) is for an electrical load in the form of a Notebook computer (2). Power supply (1) includes first terminals (3, 4) which extend from computer (2) for releasably electrically connecting with a first energy storage device in the form of battery (5) during a first interval. A second energy storage device, in the form a second battery (not shown), releaseably electrically connects with terminals (3, 4) during a second interval spaced apart from the first interval. This allows power to be supplied to the load during those intervals. A capacitive energy storage device, designated generally by reference numeral (6), supplies power to the load during a third interval that spans the spacing between the first and the second intervals.

Abstract: A power supply (1) for a pulsed load (2) includes a first energy storage device in the form of a battery (3) which is in parallel with a second energy storage device in the form of a supercapacitor (4). Battery (3) and supercapacitor (4) are respectively modelled as: an ideal battery (7) in series with an internal resistance (8); and an ideal capacitor (9) in series with an equivalent series resistance (ESR) (10). Through use of a supercapacitor (4) having a low ESR with respect to the resistance (8), the power supply (1) facilitates continuity of supply to load (2). That is, during peak demand more of the load current will be supplied by supercapacitor (4) due to the lower ESR. Moreover, during times of lower load current demands the battery recharges the supercapacitor. This reduces the peak current needed to be provided by the battery and thereby improves battery longevity.

Abstract: A power supply (1) for a pulsed load (2) includes a first energy storage device in the form of a battery (3) which is in parallel with a second energy storage device in the form of a supercapacitor (4). Battery (3) and supercapacitor (4) are respectively modelled as: an ideal battery (7) in series with an internal resistance (8); and an ideal capacitor (9) in series with an equivalent series resistance (ESR) (10). Through use of a supercapacitor (4) having a low ESR with respect to the resistance (8), the power supply (1) facilitates continuity of supply to load (2). That is, during peak demand more of the load current will be supplied by supercapacitor (4) due to the lower ESR. Moreover, during times of lower load current demands the battery recharges the supercapacitor. This reduces the peak current needed to be provided by the battery and thereby improves battery longevity.

Abstract: A charge storage device comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode being opposed to and spaced apart from the first electrode; a porous separator disposed between the electrodes; a sealed package for containing the electrodes, the separator and an electrolyte in which the electrodes are immersed; and a first terminal and a second terminal being electrically connected to the first electrode and the second electrode respectively and both extending from the package to allow external electrical connection to the respective electrodes, wherein the gravimetric FOM of the device is greater than about 2.1 Watts/gram.

Abstract: A charge storage device comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode being opposed to and spaced apart from the first electrode; a porous separator disposed between the electrodes; a sealed package for containing the electrodes, the separator and an electrolyte in which the electrodes are immersed; and a first terminal and a second terminal being electrically connected to the first electrode and the second electrode respectively and both extending from the package to allow external electrical connection to the respective electrodes, wherein the gravimetric FOM of the device is greater than about 2.1 Watts/gram.

Abstract: A power supply (1) is for an electrical load in the form of a notebook computer (2). Power supply (1) includes first terminals (3, 4) which extend from computer (2) for releasably electrically connecting with a first energy storage device in the form of battery (5) during a first interval. A second energy storage device, in the form a second battery (not shown), releaseably electrically connects with terminals (3, 4) during a second interval spaced apart from the first interval. This allows power to be supplied to the load during those intervals. A capacitive energy storage device, designated generally by reference numeral (6), supplies power to the load during a third interval that spans the spacing between the first and the second intervals.

Abstract: An extended temperature operating range low pressure discharge lamp (10) including: an envelope (12) containing an ionizable medium (20) at a selected pressure; an electrode (16, 18) sealed at each end of the envelope (12) for sustaining an electric discharge through the ionizable medium; and a volume variation control for varying the volume of the ionizable medium (20) in response in variations in temperature within the envelope, wherein the volume variation control includes at least one control volume (of gaseous pressure 40) containing a specified volume of the ionizable medium and an aperture (34) communicating between the envelope (12) and the at least one control volume, wherein the at least one control volume includes a sliding piston (36) for varying the volume of the ionizable medium (20) within the envelope (12).

Abstract: The invention provides methods for the purification to homogeneity of pancreatic cholesterol esterase in useful quantities from a variety of mammalian species. The gene for a mammalian pancreatic cholesterol esterase has been cloned and sequenced, and is useful for expressing cholesterol esterase in a transformed eukaryotic or prokaryotic cell culture. Thus, methods according to the invention enable the production of large quantities of pancreatic cholesterol esterase for the screening of inhibitors, the production of antibodies, and for commercial purposes related to the alteration of cholesterol/cholesterol ester composition of materials containing free or esterified cholesterol.

Abstract: An apparatus for hooping a package is described, in which the band in its end position, applied to the package and tensioned, defines a hooping plane which extends in the conveying direction. A band guide channel in the form of a plane, rectangular frame intersects the hooping plane at an acute angle in an intersection line at right angles to the conveying direction. The otherwise customary binding head has a stationary device for holding fast and joining the band loop ends and for separating the oncoming band, and a pivotable device separate therefrom for the insertion and pulling-back of the band. The pivotable device has a pivot axis substantially coinciding with the intersection line. On the insertion of the band into the band guide channel said pivotable device is situated in the frame plane and is pivoted into the hooping plane before or during the pulling-back of the band.

Abstract: An apparatus is described for hooping a package (8) by means of a band (19) in a hooping plane (5) extending in the conveying direction (4). The band guide channel (7) comprises two portions (10, 13) which lie on opposite sides of the hooping plane (5) and each of which is situated at so great a distance from the hooping plane (5) that they do not impede the conveying movement of the package (8). The portions (10, 13) are joined together, on opposite sides of the package (8), by other portions (9, 11 and 12) which pass through the hooping plane (5). In a position turned through 90.degree., in which the hooping plane (5) lies parallel to the conveying plane (1), the arrangement can also work as a horizontal hooping apparatus.

Abstract: One cycle of a programmable controller includes reading-in (E) the input signals, processing (B) the input signals, whereby inter alia the output signals are calculated, and outputting (A) the output signals. The time one cycle takes can be shortened by processing (B) the input signals at least in part simultaneously with the outputting (A) of the output signals of the preceding cycle and with the reading-in (E) of the input signals of the subsequent cycle.

Abstract: A read-only memory with electrical overwrite capability has several storage cells, whereby each storage cell has one address, on the basis of which the storage cell can be individually written and read. The memory could be a read-only memory which can be quickly and completely erased. The memory has contacts for connecting lines for address signals, data signals and control signals. The read-only memory has at least two storage areas that are capable of being separately written and read, possibly also separately erased, to which the storage cells are assigned, whereby the storage cells in those areas have identical addresses. In dependence upon one internal state variable, the storage cells of one of the storage areas can only be accessed for reading purposes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a chance game machine with winning opportunity, with at least one (drawing) chamber, which is equipped with a drawing device receiving playing elements after a mixing process, and from which one of a plurality of playing elements is to be drawn; a group of playing elements, which during a mixing phase are to be mixed by a mixing device and during mixing are freely movable in the chamber, is present in the chamber, and the group of playing elements contains at least two differently designed playing elements, of which one playing element during the drawing process is to be drawn by the drawing device and fed to a drawing receptacle; the drawing device has a number, corresponding to the number of playing elements of the group, of (playing-element) intermediate receptacles, which are arranged in the chamber for receiving one playing element each after the mixing process, and which, during a first drawing phase, are, with the exception of one intermediate receptacle, each blocked by a gate

Abstract: Since only relatively small-area prism sub-plates can be manufactured in warp-free fashion, large area prism plates are formed of a plurality of sub-plates. A connection of the sub-plates must be stable and the expense for joining the sub-plates should be as low as possible. To create the large-area prism plate, adjoining sub-plates are connected to one another in two dimensions by at least one positive lock plug-type connection comprising locking projections and locking projection receptacleswhich form plug-type connections secured by latching devices which do not allow a dislocation of the joined sub-plates in a third dimension.

Abstract: An apparatus for strapping a cuboidal package by means of two intercrossing straps encircling the package in cross-sectional planes at right angles to one another. Two strap guide frames which, in respect to their frame plane, are disposed at right angles to a horizontal delivery plane extending in their clear frame opening, serve to transport the package, the strap being adapted to be guided, in each of the guide frames, around the clear frame opening. Associated with each strap guide frame is a device for inserting the strap into the strap guide frame and also for tensioning, locking, and cutting off the strap laid around the package.

Abstract: An apparatus for actuating the hoistway doors of an elevator, which comprises a coupling element fixedly arranged at the hoistway or elevator shaft door and a movable electromagnetically actuatable coupling element arranged at the elevator cabin door which, at the region of an elevator landing or storey can be brought into engagement with the fixed coupling element of the hoistway door. The movable coupling element arranged at the elevator cabin door comprises an entrainment member composed of discs arranged at essentially the same spacing from one another. The stationary or fixed coupling element mounted at the hoistway door comprises a comb having prongs which possess an essentially uniform spacing from one another, which spacing is dimensioned such that the discs of the entrainment member, during the coupling action, engage with play between the prongs of the comb.

Abstract: The stack gas from a shaft furnace in which iron ore is directly reduced is cooled and filtered and then subjected to steam so as to convert its carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide and water. The carbon dioxide and water are then scrubbed out of this stack gas so as to leave virtually pure hydrogen which is heated to a temperature between 400.degree. and 600.degree. C and added to the output of an oxygen reactor that transforms a carbon-containing substance, e.g. a hydrocarbon such as fuel oil and oxygen into a synthetic gas having a carbon-monoxide/hydrogen volume ratio of at least 0.5:1. The addition of this hydrogen to the output of the reactor lowers the volume ratio to 1:1 at most so that this mixture can be reintroduced into the shaft furnace at a temperature of around 1000.degree. C as a reducing gas.

Abstract: The stack gas from a shaft furnace in which iron ore is directly reduced is cooled and filtered and then subjected to steam so as to convert its carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide and water. The carbon dioxide and water are then scrubbed out of this stack gas so as to leave virtually pure hydrogen which is heated to a temperature between 400.degree. and 600.degree. C and added to the output of an oxygen reactor that transforms coal and oxygen into a synthetic gas having a carbon-monoxide/hydrogen volume ratio of at least 1.5:1. The addition of this hydrogen to the output of the reactor lowers the volume ratio to 1:1 at most so that this mixture can be reintroduced into the shaft furnace at a temperature of around 1000.degree. C as a reducing gas.

Abstract: The stack gas from a shaft furnace in which iron ore is directly reduced is cooled and filtered and then subjected to steam so as to convert its carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide and water. The carbon dioxide and water are then scrubbed out of this stack gas so as to leave virtually pure hydrogen which is heated to a temperature between 400.degree. and 600.degree. C and added to the output of an oxygen reactor that transforms coal and oxygen into a synthetic gas having a carbon-monoxide/hydrogen volume ratio of at least 1.5:1. The addition of this hydrogen to the output of the reactor lowers the volume ratio to 1:1 at most so that this mixture can be reintroduced into the shaft furnace at a temperature of around 1000.degree. C as a reducing gas.