Abstract: A process comprising forming chlorogallium phthalocyanine (ClGaPc) in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) to provide a ClGaPc (NMP) Type I; separately dry milling and then wet treating the Type I product to form Type II ClGaPc (NMP); blending the ClGaPc Type II product with hydroxygallium phthalocyanine (HOGaPc) Type V and a resin to form a coating mixture; coating the resulting mixture to form a photoconductive charge generator layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process which comprises (a) reacting allyl bromide with diethyl amine in a molar ratio of at least about 1 mole of allyl bromide per about 1.15 moles of diethyl amine and in a molar ratio of no more than about 1 mole of allyl bromide per about 2 moles of diethyl amine, thereby generating allyl diethyl amine in a monomer reaction mixture; (b) subsequently filtering the monomer reaction mixture to remove impurities; (c) subsequently reacting the allyl diethyl amine with allyl bromide, thereby generating solid diallyl diethyl ammonium bromide; (d) subsequently isolating the solid diallyl diethyl ammonium bromide; (e) subsequently dissolving the diallyl diethyl ammonium bromide in a solvent and adding thereto a polymerization initiator to form a polymerization reaction mixture; (f) subsequently heating the polymerization reaction mixture in a vessel equipped with a reflux condenser to a temperature of from about 90 to about 100° C.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing dianthranilate compounds which comprises (a) admixing reactants as follows: (1) a diol of the formula R1(OH)2, wherein R1 is an alkylene group having at least about 20 carbon atoms, and wherein the —OH groups are primary or secondary, (2) isatoic anhydride, present in an amount of at least, about 2 moles of isatoic anhydride per every one mole of diol, (3) a catalyst which is 1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2]octane, N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylene diamine, or a mixture thereof, said catalyst being present in an amount of at least about 0.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing a diazopyridone compound either (A) of the formula or (B) of the formula which comprises diazotizing a dianiline and coupling it with a pyridone or diazotizing an aniline and coupling it with a dipyridone.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process which comprises (a) reacting allyl bromide with diethyl amine in a molar ratio of at least about 1 mole of allyl bromide per about 1.15 moles of diethyl amine and in a molar ratio of no more than about 1 mole of allyl bromide per about 2 moles of diethyl amine, thereby generating allyl diethyl amine in a monomer reaction mixture; (b) subsequently filtering the monomer reaction mixture to remove impurities; (c) subsequently reacting the allyl diethyl amine with allyl bromide, thereby generating solid diallyl diethyl ammonium bromide; (d) subsequently isolating the solid diallyl diethyl ammonium bromide; (e) subsequently dissolving the diallyl diethyl ammonium bromide in a solvent and adding thereto a polymerization initiator to form a polymerization reaction mixture; (f) subsequently heating the polymerization reaction mixture in a vessel equipped with a reflux condenser to a temperature of from about 90 to about 100° C.

Abstract: A process including: forming a first chlorogallium phthalocyanine (ClGaPc) in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) to form a ClGaPc (NMP) Type-I product; forming a second chlorogallium phthalocyanine in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to form a ClGaPc (DMSO) Type-I product; separately dry milling and then wet treating the Type-I products to form respective Type-II products; blending the Type-II products together along with a resin to form a coating mixture; and coating the mixture to form a charge generator layer in an electrostatographic imaging article.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a latex polymer consistent with E/A (emulsion/aggregation/coalescence) toner manufacture. The process utilizes a standard (universal) latex composition and involves chain-transfer agent partitioning, emulsion polymerization that provides a latex polymer with a wide range of molecular properties. In particular, the process customizes a wide range Mw (weight average molecular weight) latex, without substantially varying the Mn (number average molecular weight) and hence, without substantially varying Tg (glass transition temperature) such that good toner performance is maintained. In a preferred process, a latex polymer is prepared by mixing a seed particle latex, generated by aqueous emulsion polymerization of a first portion of a monomer emulsion, with a second portion of the monomer emulsion and at least one chain-transfer agent.

Abstract: A process including: forming a first chlorogallium phthalocyanine (ClGaPc) in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) to form a ClGaPc (NMP) Type-I product; forming a second chlorogallium phthalocyanine in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to form a ClGaPc (DMSO) Type-I product; separately dry milling and then wet treating the Type-I products to form respective Type-II products; blending the Type-II products together along with a resin to form a coating mixture; and coating the mixture to form a charge generator layer in an electrostatographic imaging article.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a latex polymer by (i) preparing or providing a water aqueous phase containing an anionic surfactant in an optional amount of less than or equal to about 20 percent by weight of the total amount of anionic surfactant used in forming the latex polymer; (ii) preparing or providing a monomer emulsion in water which emulsion contains an anionic surfactant; (iii) adding about 50 percent or less of said monomer emulsion to said aqueous phase to thereby initiate seed polymerization and to form a seed polymer, said aqueous phase containing a free radical initiator; and (iv) adding the remaining percent of said monomer emulsion to the composition of (iii) and heating to complete an emulsion polymerization thus forming a latex polymer.

Abstract: Submicron sized particles of poly(methyl methacrylate) are prepared by a surfactant-free semi-continuous emulsion polymerization process that involves (i) preparing an aqueous phase containing a free radical initiator in water by heating and stirring, (ii) preparing a monomer composition containing at least 80% by weight methyl methacrylate and 1 to 10% by weight of a crosslinking agent, (iii) adding the monomer composition to the aqueous phase to initiate emulsion polymerization of the monomer composition, the adding being done at a rate such that from 0.05% to 5% by weight of the total weight of the monomer composition is added per minute, (iv) continuing heating and stirring following completion of the adding of the monomer composition for an amount of time, and (v) drying and recovering the submicron sized particles of poly(methyl methacrylate). The submicron sized particles of poly(methyl methacrylate are used in forming a coating of carrier particles for a two-component developer composition.

Abstract: A carrier containing a core, a polymer coating or mixtures of polymers thereover, and wherein the coating polymer or mixtures contains a conductive polymer.

Abstract: A latex used for the preparation of toner particles by emulsion aggregation is prepared, using a controlled addition of anionic surfactants, without the use of a nonionic surfactant. Such a process comprises preparing an aqueous phase using a limited amount of anionic surfactant; preparing an emulsion of monomers in water with additional anionic surfactant and without a nonionic surfactant; adding a portion of the emulsion to the aqueous phase to initiate seed polymerization, in the presence of an initiator, to form seed polymer; and adding the remaining monomer emulsion to the composition to complete polymerization to form a latex polymer.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of polymers which comprises generating a solution of water and polyvinyl alcohol with acetate groups; adding thereto a mixture of an alkali metal iodide and iodine; adding thereto initiator, and optional crosslinking agent; adding monomer, a mixture of monomers, or a monomer/polymer mixture; homogenizing, and polymerizing; and wherein there is formed an iodide/iodine/acetate complex prior to said polymerizing.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of polymers which comprises generating a solution of water and polyvinyl alcohol with acetate groups; adding thereto a mixture of an alkali metal iodide and iodine; adding thereto initiator, and optional crosslinking agent; adding monomer, a mixture of monomers, or a monomer/polymer mixture; homogenizing, and polymerizing; and wherein there is formed an iodide/iodine/acetate complex prior to said polymerizing.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of conductive polymers which comprises (a) mixing at least one monomer with at least one conductive component, solvent, at least one polymerization initiator, and an optional chain transfer component; (b) effecting solution polymerization by heating; (c) removing said solvent by azeotropic distillation in an aqueous phase to generate a mixture of polymer and conductive component; (d) drying and grinding the resulting mixture; thereafter dissolving the product resulting in at least one monomer, at least one initiator, and at least one crosslinking component, and an optional chain transfer agent to form an organic phase; (e) mixing said organic phase with a second aqueous phase comprised of water, stabilizer, and an alkali halide; (f) polymerizing the resulting suspension by heating; and (g) subsequently optionally washing and drying the polymeric product, and which product is comprised of polymer and conductive component dispersed therein.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of N,N-bis(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-biphenylamine which comprises the reaction of N,N-bis(3,4-dimethylphenyl)amine and an iodobiphenyl in the presence of a ligand copper catalyst, and wherein the ligand is selected from the group consisting of monodentate tertiary amines and bidentate tertiary amines, and which reaction is accomplished at a temperature of, for example, from about 120.degree. C. to about 150.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of conductive polymers which comprises (a) mixing at least one monomer with at least one conductive component, solvent, at least one polymerization initiator, and an optional chain transfer component; (b) effecting solution polymerization by heating; (c) removing said solvent by azeotropic distillation in an aqueous phase to generate a mixture of polymer and conductive component; (d) drying and grinding the resulting mixture; thereafter dissolving the product resulting in at least one monomer, at least one initiator, and at least one crosslinking component, and an optional chain transfer agent to form an organic phase; (e) mixing said organic phase with a second aqueous phase comprised of water, stabilizer, and an alkali halide; (f) polymerizing the resulting suspension by heating; and (g) subsequently optionally washing and drying the polymeric product, and which product is comprised of polymer and conductive component dispersed therein.

Abstract: A process which comprises reacting a polyester resin endcapped with hydroxyl moieties or groups with an organic acid anhydride at a temperature of from about 125.degree. C. to about 200.degree. C., thereby resulting in a polyester resin endcapped with acidic moieties or acid groups.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of hydroxygallium phthalocyanines which comprises hydrolyzing a gallium phthalocyanine precursor pigment by dissolving said hydroxygallium phthalocyanine in a strong acid and then reprecipitating the resulting dissolved pigment in basic aqueous media; removing any ionic species formed by washing with water, concentrating the resulting aqueous slurry comprised of water and hydroxygallium phthalocyanine to a wet cake; removing water from said slurry by azeotropic distillation with an organic solvent, and subjecting said resulting pigment slurry to mixing with the addition of a second solvent to cause the formation of said hydroxygallium phthalocyanine polymorphs.

Abstract: A one-step polymerization process for producing a bimodal resin having a distinct low molecular weight portion and a high molecular weight portion includes initiating an anionic polymerization of a monomer or monomers to produce living polymer chains, terminating a portion of the living polymer chains, and completing the polymerization of the remaining living polymer chains. The bimodal resin is useful, for example, in high gloss, low melt toner applications.