Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of an enantiomerically enriched optionally substituted indoline-2-carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, wherein an enantiomerically enriched chiral ortho-X-substituted phenylalanine compound, wherein X is a leaving group, is subjected to cyclisation, preferably at a temperature of below about 140° C., upon formation of the enantiomerically enriched indoline-2-carboxylic acid compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to the asymmetric (transfer) hydrogenation of a prochiral keton, prochiral imine, oxime, oxime derivative, hydrazone or hydrazone derivative, using a transition metal catalyst, characterized in that as a catalyst is used a transition metal complex of the general formula [I]: MaL1bL2c(N)dXe wherein a, b, c, d and e are integers; a, b and d can have a value of 1-6; c and e can have a value of 0-6; M is transition metal selected from the group consisting of Ru1 Rh and Ir; L1 is an enantiomerically enriched chiral monodentate phosphor-containing ligand of the general formula [II] or of the general formula [III]; L2 is any monodentate or bidentate neutral or monoanionic ligand, which may be chiral; N is a compound containing at least one primary or secondary amine group; X is a anion.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a centrifugal contact-separator for carrying out a non-radioactive reaction in a liquid-liquid emulsion formed from two immiscible liquids. The invention also relates to a process for carrying out a reaction in a centrifugal contact-separator, and to a process for carrying out a catalytic reaction in a centrifugal contact-separator. An example of a process for carrying out a reaction, comprising the following steps: i) continuously introducing a liquid phase A and a liquid phase B into at least one first centrifugal contact separator, where in liquid phases A and B are immiscible and wherein phase A and/or phase B comprise at least one reactant ii) mixing phase A and phase B thereby allowing an emulsion to be formed iii) applying a centrifugal force that allows phase separation of the emulsion, such that phases A? and B? are obtained; iv) optionally, recovering a reaction product from at least one or the phases A? and B?.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of an enantiomerically enriched optionally substituted indoline-2-carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, wherein an enantiomerically enriched chiral ortho-X-substituted phenylalanine compound, wherein X is a leaving group, is subjected to cyclisation, preferably at a temperature of below about 140° C., upon formation of the enantiomerically enriched indoline-2-carboxylic acid compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a circuit of processing integer data, especially for graphic applications having a multiplier unit which includes a pipeline in which the word length is adjustable for multiplying integer data s words of 8 bits or multiples thereof an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) for performing arithmetic operations on integer data words, the word length of which is adjustable in 8 bits or multiples thereof; a register unit provided with at least two registers for storage of integer data words having multiples of 8 bits on which the operation and/or pipeline multiplication has to be performed; and a bus structure having a number of separate buses which effects the transport of integer data words from and to the multiplier unit, the arithmetic logic unit and the register unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for carrying out a homogeneously catalyzed C—C coupling reaction between an optionally substituted (hetero)aromatic bromide compound and a second reactant, which is chosen from the group of olefins in which at least one of the substituents on the olefinic sp2 carbon atoms is a hydrogen atom, and the group of organoboron compounds with the formula Ar—B(OR1)—OR2, where Ar stands for an optionally substituted (hetero)aryl group and R1 and R2 each independently represent H or an alkyl group or, together with the O-atoms to which they are bound and the B-atom, form a ring with 2-5 C-atoms, in the presence of an aprotic dipolar solvent and a base, a palladium salt without a ligand being used as palladium catalyst and the reaction being carried out at a ratio between the quantity of palladium present in the palladium salt and the optionally substituted (hetero)aromatic bromine compound of between 0.00001 and 0.1 mol %, preferably between 0.01 and 0.1 mol %.

Abstract: A rolling element bearing having inner and outer rings and a plurality of rolling elements where one, two or at least one but not all of the rolling elements of the plurality of rolling elements is harder than the other of the plurality of rolling elements and harder than the rings.

Abstract: A rolling element bearing includes an outer ring and an inner ring which enclose a bearing space containing rolling elements. The rings are made of steel. At least one of the rolling elements comprises, at least partially as a zirconium material which is harder and stiffer than the material of the other rolling elements which are comprised of steel. Walls of indentations which are formed in the rings by solid contamination particles between the rings and one of the rolling elements having about the same hardness as the rings, are compressed as soon as the zirconium material rolling element with a substantially higher hardness than the rings overrolls the walls. Thereby, the smooth characteristic of the raceways is restored. Only small holes are left in the rings, which do not have a negative influence on the running properties of the bearing. In these small holes, minute quantities of lubricating oil are collected, which help the lubrication of the rolling elements in case of oil starvation.

Abstract: A rolling element bearing comprises at least two bearing rings (1, 2; 14, 15; 21, 22, 23) enclosing a bearing space (40), which bearing space (40) contains rolling elements (3, 13, 41), a cage (50, 16, 36) and lubrication structures having a porous matrix (8, 11; 17, 18; 36) containing oil and accommodated between bearing rings, cage and/or rolling elements. In order to obtain a better lubrication for an improved useful service life, the porous matrix (8, 11; 17, 18; 36) is connected to a rotatable bearing element such as a cage (50, 16, 36), a seal (4, 5) or a ring (22, 23, 24) in such a way that it does not physically contact another bearing element and that no frictional forces are generated with respect to such other bearing element, whereby upon rotation of the bearing element carrying the matrix the oil is driven through the matrix under the influence of centrifugal forces and any contaminants contained in the oil are filtered out.

Abstract: A rolling element bearing system comprises at least one rolling element bearing with an outer race and an inner race which enclose a space containing rolling elements, which space is confined to the outside by sealing rings. At least one of the sealing rings and/or one of the races is provided with flow generating structure for feeding a lubricant into the space, as well as a filter for preventing the ingress of contaminations into the space with the lubricant. Preferably at least one of the sealing rings at its edge which slidably contacts one of the races has a shape which promotes the outflow out of the space towards the outside of the sealing ring during relative movement of the sealing ring and race.