Abstract: The invention relates to an internal combustion engine with a fuel injection device with an injection nozzle having a nozzle needle and a plurality of injection bores. The injection nozzle is arranged to inject fuel into the combustion space in the form of a plurality of fuel jets as a main injection, as a post-injection and/or a preinjection. The injection bores of the injection nozzle are arranged in at least two different separately activatable rows of holes, an operating stroke of the nozzle needle being set by control unit as a function of a piston position and/or an operating point of the engine, and the rows of holes of the injection nozzle different injection-hole cone angles.

Abstract: The invention relates to an internal combustion engine with a fuel injection device with an injection nozzle having a nozzle needle and a plurality of injection bores. The injection nozzle is arranged to inject fuel into the combustion space in the form of a plurality of fuel jets as a main injection, as a post-injection and/or a preinjection. The injection bores of the injection nozzle are arranged in at least two different separately activatable rows of holes, an operating stroke of the nozzle needle being set by control unit as a function of a piston position and/or an operating point of the engine, and the rows of holes of the injection nozzle different injection-hole cone angles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel 2,5-disubstituted pyrimidine derivatives which stimulate soluble guanylate cyclase, to processes for the preparation thereof, and to the use thereof for producing medicaments, in particular medicaments for the treatment of central nervous system diseases.

Abstract: A method is provided for operating an internal combustion piston engine, in which fuel is injected directly into a working chamber in the form of a pre-injection and main injection by means of an injection nozzle with a plurality of injection holes. The pre-injection takes place in a clocked manner. In order to minimize the moistening of the walls of the combustion chamber, a higher fuel pressure prevails in an injection device during the main injection than during the pre-injection. Furthermore, optimum homogenization of the pre-injected quantity of fuel is obtained by restricting the range of the injected fuel jets while simultaneously maximizing the atomization of the fuel particles and reinforcing the disintegration of the fuel jets during the clocked pre-injection.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of selective phosphodiesterase 2 (PDE 2) inhibitors for producing pharmaceuticals for improving perception, concentration, learning and/or memory.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has compression ignition, in which fuel is injected as a pre-injection and main injection directly into a working space by means of an injection nozzle having a plurality of injection holes, with the pre-jection taking place in a clocked manner. In order to minimize the moistening of the walls of the combustion chamber, a combustion chamber is provided, in which are arranged an injection nozzle in the region of a cylinder center axis in the cylinder head and a piston recess arranged in the piston head, with an approximately centrally situated piston recess projection being arranged in the piston recess. The stroke of a nozzle needle of the injection nozzle is set in such a manner that a restricting of the range of the injected fuel jets is obtained.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has compression ignition, in which fuel is injected as a pre-injection and main injection directly into a working space by means of an injection nozzle having a plurality of injection holes, with the pre-jection taking place in a clocked manner. In order to minimize the moistening of the walls of the combustion chamber, a combustion chamber is provided, in which are arranged an injection nozzle in the region of a cylinder center axis in the cylinder head and a piston recess arranged in the piston head, with an approximately centrally situated piston recess projection being arranged in the piston recess. The stroke of a nozzle needle of the injection nozzle is set in such a manner that a restricting of the range of the injected fuel jets is obtained.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel substituted imidazotriazinones, to a method for their production and to the use thereof for producing medicaments, in particular to improve perception, powers of concentration, learning capacity and/or memory retentiveness.

Abstract: A method is provided for operating an internal combustion piston engine, in which fuel is injected directly into a working chamber in the form of a pre-injection and main injection by means of an injection nozzle with a plurality of injection holes. The pre-injection takes place in a clocked manner. In order to minimize the moistening of the walls of the combustion chamber, a higher fuel pressure prevails in an injection device during the main injection than during the pre-injection. Furthermore, optimum homogenization of the pre-injected quantity of fuel is obtained by restricting the range of the injected fuel jets while simultaneously maximizing the atomization of the fuel particles and reinforcing the disintegration of the fuel jets during the clocked pre-injection.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a transgenic fly that expresses the Arctic mutant version of the human A?42 peptide of human amyloid-? precursor protein (APP), and a double transgenic fly that expresses both the Tau protein and the human A?42Arctic peptide of human amyloid-? precursor protein (APP). The transgenic flies of the present invention provide for models of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. The invention further discloses methods for identifying genetic modifiers, as well as screening methods to identify therapeutic compounds to treat neurodegenerative disorders using the transgenic flies.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a transgenic fly that expresses the Italian mutant version of the human A?42 peptide of human amyloid-? precursor protein (APP), and a double transgenic fly that expresses both the Tau protein and the human A?42Italian peptide of human amyloid-? precursor protein (APP). The transgenic flies of the present invention provide for models of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. The invention further discloses methods for identifying genetic modifiers, as well as screening methods to identify therapeutic compounds to treat neurodegenerative disorders using the transgenic flies.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a transgenic fly that expresses the Dutch mutant version of the human A?42 peptide of human amyloid-? precursor protein (APP), and a double transgenic fly that expresses both the Tau protein and the human A?42Dutch peptide of human amyloid-? precursor protein (APP). The transgenic flies of the present invention provide for models of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. The invention further discloses methods for identifying genetic modifiers, as well as screening methods to identify therapeutic compounds to treat neurodegenerative disorders using the transgenic flies.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a transgenic fly that expresses the Iowa mutant version of the human A?42 peptide of human amyloid-? precursor protein (APP), and a double transgenic fly that expresses both the Tau protein and the human A?42Iowa peptide of human amyloid-? precursor protein (APP). The transgenic flies of the present invention provide for models of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. The invention further discloses methods for identifying genetic modifiers, as well as screening methods to identify therapeutic compounds to treat neurodegenerative disorders using the transgenic flies.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a transgenic fly that expresses the Flemish mutant version of the human A?42 peptide of human amyloid-? precursor protein (APP), and a double transgenic fly that expresses both the Tau protein and the human A?42Flemish peptide of human amyloid-? precursor protein (APP). The transgenic flies of the present invention provide for models of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. The invention further discloses methods for identifying genetic modifiers, as well as screening methods to identify therapeutic compounds to treat neurodegenerative disorders using the transgenic flies.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a transgenic fly that expresses the Italian mutant version of the human A?42 peptide of human amyloid-? precursor protein (APP), and a double transgenic fly that expresses both the Tau protein and the human A?42Italian peptide of human amyloid-? precursor protein (APP). The transgenic flies of the present invention provide for models of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. The invention further discloses methods for identifying genetic modifiers, as well as screening methods to identify therapeutic compounds to treat neurodegenerative disorders using the transgenic flies.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a transgenic fly that expresses the Iowa mutant version of the human A&bgr;42 peptide of human amyloid-&bgr; precursor protein (APP), and a double transgenic fly that expresses both the Tau protein and the human A&bgr;42Iowa peptide of human amyloid-&bgr; precursor protein (APP). The transgenic flies of the present invention provide for models of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. The invention further discloses methods for identifying genetic modifiers, as well as screening methods to identify therapeutic compounds to treat neurodegenerative disorders using the transgenic flies.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a transgenic fly that expresses the Arctic mutant version of the human A&bgr;42 peptide of human amyloid-&bgr; precursor protein (APP), and a double transgenic fly that expresses both the Tau protein and the human A&bgr;42Arctic peptide of human amyloid-&bgr; precursor protein (APP). The transgenic flies of the present invention provide for models of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. The invention further discloses methods for identifying genetic modifiers, as well as screening methods to identify therapeutic compounds to treat neurodegenerative disorders using the transgenic flies.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a transgenic fly that expresses the Dutch mutant version of the human A&bgr;42 peptide of human amyloid-&bgr; precursor protein (APP), and a double transgenic fly that expresses both the Tau protein and the human A&bgr;42Dutch peptide of human amyloid-&bgr; precursor protein (APP). The transgenic flies of the present invention provide for models of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. The invention further discloses methods for identifying genetic modifiers, as well as screening methods to identify therapeutic compounds to treat neurodegenerative disorders using the transgenic flies.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a transgenic fly that expresses the Flemish mutant version of the human A&bgr;42 peptide of human amyloid-&bgr; precursor protein (APP), and a double transgenic fly that expresses both the Tau protein and the human A&bgr;42Flemish peptide of human amyloid-&bgr; precursor protein (APP). The transgenic flies of the present invention provide for models of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. The invention further discloses methods for identifying genetic modifiers, as well as screening methods to identify therapeutic compounds to treat neurodegenerative disorders using the transgenic flies.

Abstract: In a method for the injection of Diesel fuel into a combustion chamber of a Diesel engine by way of a fuel injection valve with a plurality of pilot and main fuel injection ports, the fuel is injected during partial load operation only by way of the pilot injection ports such that a homogeneous mixture is formed and, under full load operation, fuel is additionally injected—after a pause—through the main fuel injection ports in such a way that a fuel jet bundle is formed in combination with the fuel jets formed by the pilot ports which is extends over the whole periphery of the combustion chamber. The fuel injection valve has the main fuel ports arranged in a piezo-actuated tappet in series in the direction of the opening movement of the tappet behind the associated pilot ports. With the piezo drive the opening stroke of the tappet can be controlled so as to provide fuel injection pauses between the pilot fuel injection and the main fuel injection.