Abstract: Subdivision per basic color channels of grey level data generated by a color sensor is no longer required according to a novel color interpolation method of an image acquired by a digital color sensor generating grey levels for each image pixel as a function of the filter applied to the sensor by interpolating the values of missing colors of each image pixel for generating triplets or pairs of values of primary colors or complementary base hues for each image pixel. The method may include calculating spatial variation gradients of primary colors or complementary base hues for each image pixel and storing the information of directional variation of primary color or complementary base hue in look-up tables pertaining to each pixel.

Abstract: A fast method of color interpolation of pixels of an image acquired by a color filtered digital sensor uses a very simple cost function that nevertheless produce interpolated images of good quality. The cost function is computationally simpler because it does not require the calculation of powers and square roots. The triangulation algorithm may be executed in far less time, while practically ensuring the same performance. The triangulation algorithm on average may use only two iteration steps. The interpolation process may be followed by an anti-aliasing processing that effectively removes color artifacts.

Abstract: A digital image processing method includes extracting chromatic information of an image taken by an image taking device and related to a human subject; detecting visually interesting regions; and exposure correcting of the taken image by normalizing a grey scale of the taken image based on the visually interesting regions. Advantageously, the method includes recognizing areas corresponding to the skin of the subject, these areas being used as the visually interesting regions for the exposure correction step.

Abstract: A method for obtaining a high resolution digital image from a plurality of starting images formed by pixel matrices and acquired at a lower resolution is provided. The method may include combining the plurality of starting images to generate a provisional high resolution image formed by a pixel matrix. The method may also include associating a respective error with at least a part of the pixels of the provisional image HR(0). More particularly, this may include providing a first error associated with at least one first pixel, and at least partially processing the provisional image by modifying the pixels of this image based upon the respective errors associated therewith. A second error may also be calculated to associate with at least one second pixel situated in the vicinity of the first pixel in the matrix (HR(0)). The second error may be calculated by using the first error associated with the at least one first pixel.

Abstract: A method for obtaining a high-resolution digital image from a plurality of starting images formed by pixel matrices acquired at a lower resolution includes combining the plurality of starting images to generate a provisional high-resolution image, and producing from the provisional high-resolution image a plurality of low-resolution images. Each low-resolution image corresponds to a respective starting image. At least a portion of the provisional high-resolution image is processed by modifying pixels thereof to reduce a difference between the plurality of starting images and the plurality of low-resolution images. The processing includes associating with the pixels of the provisional high-resolution image a respective uncertainty measure representing an uncertainty of the pixels, and leaving unmodified at least a subset of the pixels of the provisional high-resolution image having associated therewith a respective uncertainty measure smaller than a threshold.

Abstract: A process for the purification of raw acetone deriving from processes for the production of phenol acetone, impurity mainly due to cumene, water, aldehydes and methanol, the steps of:feeding the stream of raw acetone coming from the primary fractionation of a plant for the production of phenol and acetone to a first distillation column to which a solution of sodium hydroxide at 2% is also fed;sending the stream at the head of the first column, containing of acetone, water and cumene to a second column to which the extractive solvent triethyleneglycol is also fed;recovering substantially anhydrous acetone from the head of the second column;feeding the bottom product of the second column, containing triethyleneglycol, water, cumene and acetone to a third distillation column in which an azeotropic mixture of water and cumene is recovered from the head and anhydrous triethyleneglycol from the bottom;sending the azeotropic mixture of water and cumene to a decanter in which a water phase is separated, containing ac

Abstract: A continuous process for the production of oxamide is based on the catalytic oxidation of hydrogen cyanide with oxygen or air in a strong excess in a solution of copper nitrate in water-acetic acid.The process is carried out in a vertical tubular reactor, with continuous recycling of part of the suspension of oxamides from the bottom to the top of the reactor.

Abstract: A procedure for the recovery of phenol from its mixtures containing cumene and alpha-methylstyrene, is based on the extractive distillation of the mixtures with acetophenone.

Abstract: A stream of raw phenol, coming from the acidic cracking of cumene hydroperoxide, is purified by a process of extractive distillation carried out in the presence of acetophenone.

Abstract: A process of hydrodechlorination of effluents originating from the preparation of hydrocarbon resins is described, the effluents consisting of about 90% of unconverted monomers and containing between 600 and 2500 ppm of organic chlorine. Said hydrodechlorination process comprises subjecting the said effluents to hydrogenation at a temperature of between 200.degree. and 300.degree. C. in the presence of a catalyst, preferably consisting of Ni-Mo supported on .gamma.-Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.

Abstract: A new process for preparing oxalyl- and oxamyl-hydrazides which comprises contacting oxamide or diacetyloxamide with the corresponding hydrazine derivative of formulaR.sub.1 R.sub.2 N--NHR.sub.3wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or aryl-alkyl group, R.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 taken together with the adjacent nitrogen atom represent a saturated heterocyclic ring, and R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group.

Abstract: The disposal of chlorinated pitches is carried out by a process which employs two treatments with an alcohol, which are carried out in cascade.Such treatments cause the precipitation of the suspended matter to take place. This is then caused to settle, and is separated and pyrolized, while the supernatant is distilled in order to separate the alcohol, which is recycled back to the process, from other organic components, which are sent to further uses.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the purification of the diamide of oxalic acid obtained by means a process wherein copper catalysts are used, by means of the washing with aqueous solutions of an ammonium salt of an organic or inorganic acid, operating at a pH value comprised within the range of from 2 to 8, and at a temperature comprised within the range of from 40.degree. to 150.degree. C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new method of synthesis of 2,2'-bis.DELTA..sup.2 -oxazoline, which consists of three steps:in the first step,N,N'-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-oxamide (I) is reacted with hydrogen chloride and a nitrile of formula RCN in which R.dbd.H, alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, in order to yield the correspondingN,N'-bis-(2-iminoacyloxyethyl)oxamide.2HCl (II).In the second step, the compound (II) is pyrolyzed in order to yieldN,N'-bis-(2-chloroethyl)oxamide (III) which in the third step generates, by means of the treatment with a base, the desired product 2,2'-bis-.DELTA..sup.2 -oxazoline.

Abstract: A new process for preparing oxalyl- and oxamyl-hydrazides which comprises contacting oxamide or diacetyloxamide with the corresponding hydrazine derivative of formulaR.sub.1 R.sub.2 N--NHR.sub.3wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or aryl-alkyl group, R.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 taken together with the adjacent nitrogen atom represent a saturated heterocyclic ring, and R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group.

Abstract: A new process is described for the preparation of oxalic acid esters and amides of general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein Z designates an --OR or --NR.sup.1 R.sup.2 group, wherein R represents substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or aryl-alkyl, R.sup.1 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or aryl-alkyl, R.sup.2 represents substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or aryl-alkyl, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 taken together with the adjacent nitrogen atom represent a saturated 5-, 6-, 7-, or 8-membered heterocyclic ring, which may contain an additional heteroatom selected from --O--, --S--, and --N(H, Alkyl)--, and optionally bear one or more alkyl or alkenyl substituents, andZ.sup.1 designates an --OR or --NR.sup.1 R.sup.2 group, wherein R, R.sup.1, and R.sup.2 are as defined before, or a group --NHCOCH.sub.3, which comprises the base-catalysed reaction of diacetyloxamide with an alcohol ROH or/and an amine HNR.sup.1 R.sup.2.

Abstract: A process is described for the preparation of oxamide derivatives wherein one or both --NH.sub.2 groups are replaced by primary or secondary amino groups, through reaction of oxamide with a suitably selected amine of formula RR.sup.1 NH wherein R represents a substituted straight or branched (C.sub.2 -C.sub.12)alkyl radical wherein the substituent(s) or at least one of the substituents is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, amino, mono-substituted amino, and di-substituted amino, and R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or an optionally substituted (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl radical; representative oxamide derivatives which can thus be obtained useful as corrosion inhibitors, intermediates for polymers, polymer stabilizers, and slow-release fertilizers, are also described.

Abstract: Linear olefins are converted into the corresponding secondary alcohols by treatment with methyl alcohol and a tertiary alcohol, in the presence of an acidic catalyst, at a temperature ranging from 120.degree. to 200.degree. C. The product mixture substantially consists of the desired secondary alcohol and of the methyl ether of the charged tertiary alcohol.The reaction products can be easily isolated by fractionation, or, in some instances, the liquid product mixture can be used as such.Of particular interest is the direct hydration of n-butenes using tert-butyl alcohol as the tertiary alcohol. The obtained product mixture can be used as such, as an additive to methanol-containing gasolines for internal combustion engines.

Abstract: A new process for preparing N,N'-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-piperazine (I) ##STR1## is described which involves reaction of oxamide with excess diethanolamine at a temperature of from 50.degree. to 268.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for the synthesis of vinyl ethers of formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, each independently, represent hydrogen or a primary, secondary or tertiary alkyl group,R.sub.3 is a hydrogen, a primary alkyl, phenyl, or substituted phenyl group, orR.sub.2 and R.sub.3, taken together, represent a polymethylene chain containing from 3 to 10 carbon atoms wherein one or more hydrogens can be replaced by methyl or ethyl groups, andR is a primary, secondary or tertiary alkyl group, which comprises reacting a suitably selected dioxolane derivative of formula II ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are as defined above, andR.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, and R.sub.7, each independently, represent hydrogen or an alkyl group, with a boric acid ester of formula IIIB(OR).sub.3 IIIwhereinR is as defined above, in the vapor phase, at a temperature comprised between 100.degree. and 400.degree. C., and in the presence of an acidic heterogeneous catalyst.