Abstract: Aspects of the subject technology relate to liquid-resistant microphone modules for electronic devices. A microphone module may include a non-porous membrane that seals the front volume of the microphone module from the external environment of the electronic device. The microphone module may also include a substrate having an opening that allows airflow between the front volume and an interior cavity within the housing of the electronic device. In various implementations, an inductive vent and/or a resistive vent may be provided over the opening in the substrate.

Abstract: A micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) package comprising: a MEMS package comprising a substate and a lid coupled to the substrate; a piezoelectric valve coupled to the substrate and comprising a number of movable members operable to be deformed in opposite directions upon application of a voltage to modify an acoustic resistance of an acoustic port; and a first stopper defined by the substrate and a second stopper defined by the lid, the first stopper and the second stopper being aligned with the number of movable members and operable to prevent an undesirable deflection of the number of movable members.

Abstract: A reactive filter assembly comprising a reactive filter acoustically coupled to a transducer operable to generate an audio frequency by air non-linearity demodulation of an ultrasonic frequency, the reactive filter having a number of acoustic pathways tuned to introduce a radiation impedance to the transducer that improves transducer efficiency.

Abstract: A transducer attenuator assembly comprising: an enclosure defining an acoustic chamber coupled to a sound output port of a transducer that is operable to generate audible frequencies from ultrasonic frequencies; and a plurality of openings formed through the enclosure to acoustically couple the acoustic chamber to a surrounding ambient environment, and the plurality of openings are arranged to attenuate an ultrasonic sound wave and leak an audible sound wave output by the transducer to the acoustic chamber.

Abstract: An electromechanical system includes a frame; a first element movable relative to the frame; a capacitive measurement or actuation system including a first electrode movable relative to the frame; and at least one electrode fixed relative to the frame and separated from the first movable electrode by a first dielectric medium; a first movement transmission device connecting the first movable element to the first movable electrode, the first transmission device being rotatably movable relative to the frame by a plurality of first pivot hinges; a second element movable relative to the frame, the second movable element being connected to the capacitive measurement or actuation system, the first movable element being disposed between the capacitive measurement or actuation system and the second movable element.

Abstract: A portable electronic device comprising: an enclosure having an enclosure wall that forms an interior chamber containing a transducer and a valve operable to open or close a vent to the interior chamber; and a particle removal mechanism coupled to the valve that is operable to drive particles away from the valve upon application of a current.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject technology relate to electronic devices having speakers such as microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) speakers. A MEMS speaker can include an electrostatically driven, corrugated MEMS structure to move air without a magnet, coil, or traditional speaker membrane, and thus provide a low-power, compact speaker with a large acoustically active area in a small volume. Neighboring folds in the corrugated MEMS structure may form pairs of MEMS electrodes that can be pushed together and/or pulled apart to deform the MEMS structure in a breathing motion that generates pressure differentials on opposing sides of the corrugated MEMS structure to generate sound. Additional modes of operation are described.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject technology relate to electronic devices having speakers such as microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) speakers. A MEMS speaker can include a radial MEMS component. The radial MEMS component may include an inner support structure, an outer support structure, and radial fins extending from the inner support structure to the outer support structure.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical transducer assembly comprising: an enclosure defining an interior chamber and an opening from the interior chamber to a surrounding ambient environment; a first sound radiating member operable to produce a first frequency; and a second sound radiating member arranged parallel to the first radiating member and operable to produce a second frequency that in combination with the first frequency generates an audible sound output.

Abstract: A piezoelectric valve comprising: a fixed portion defining an opening; and a number of movable portions extending from the fixed portion over the opening and separated from one another by radially oriented slits, each movable portion of the number of movable portions comprising a first material layer and a second material layer, and at least one of the first material layer or the second material layer comprises a piezoelectric material that is operable to drive a displacement of the movable portion in a direction opposite to an adjacent movable portion sharing a same radially oriented slit upon application of a voltage.

Abstract: An acoustic device comprising: an enclosure defining an acoustic port and an acoustic pathway between the acoustic port and a transducer coupled to the enclosure; and an array of attenuators acoustically coupled to the acoustic pathway to absorb ultrasonic acoustic waves.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising: a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) chip having a movable member coupled to a front chamber; and an attenuator chip coupled to the MEMS chip and having an array of attenuators arranged around a port that is open to the front chamber.

Abstract: A portable electronic device comprising: an enclosure having an enclosure wall that defines a first chamber, a second chamber and an acoustic opening from the first chamber or the second chamber; and an electroosmotic flow valve operable to open and close the acoustic opening.

Abstract: An acoustic device comprising: an enclosure defining an acoustic port and an acoustic pathway between the acoustic port and a transducer coupled to the enclosure; and an array of attenuators acoustically coupled to the acoustic pathway to absorb ultrasonic acoustic waves.

Abstract: A portable electronic device comprising: an enclosure having an enclosure wall that forms an interior chamber and a sound output port to an ambient environment; a transducer positioned within the interior chamber and dividing the interior chamber into a front volume chamber coupling a first side of the transducer to the sound output port and a back volume chamber coupled to a second side of the transducer; and an electromechanical valve comprising a number of flaps operable to open and close a vent to the interior chamber, the front volume chamber or the back volume chamber.

Abstract: A portable electronic device comprising: an enclosure having an enclosure wall that forms an interior chamber and a sound output port to an ambient environment; a transducer positioned within the interior chamber and dividing the interior chamber into a front volume chamber coupling a first side of the transducer to the sound output port and a back volume chamber coupled to a second side of the transducer; and an electromechanical valve comprising a number of flaps operable to open and close a vent to the interior chamber, the front volume chamber or the back volume chamber.

Abstract: A portable electronic device comprising: an enclosure having an enclosure wall that forms an interior chamber and an opening to an environment surrounding the enclosure wall; and a valve comprising a number of sliding actuators operable to open and close the opening to the environment surrounding the enclosure wall.

Abstract: A portable electronic device comprising: an enclosure having an enclosure wall that forms an interior chamber containing a transducer and a valve operable to open or close a vent to the interior chamber; and a particle removal mechanism coupled to the valve that is operable to drive particles away from the valve upon application of a current.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject technology relate to electronic devices having speakers such as microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) speakers. A MEMS speaker can include an electrostatically driven, corrugated MEMS structure to move air without a magnet, coil, or traditional speaker membrane, and thus provide a low-power, compact speaker with a large acoustically active area in a small volume. Neighboring folds in the corrugated MEMS structure may form pairs of MEMS electrodes that can be pushed together and/or pulled apart to deform the MEMS structure in a breathing motion that generates pressure differentials on opposing sides of the corrugated MEMS structure to generate sound. Additional modes of operation are described.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject technology relate to electronic devices having speakers such as microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) speakers. A MEMS speaker can include cylindrical corrugated MEMS structure. The cylindrical corrugated MEMS structure may include a contiguous MEMS structure with corrugations that run around an open cylindrical core that is defined, in part, by interior folds of the corrugations. The cylindrical corrugated MEMS structure may be deformed, responsive to an applied voltage, such that a portion of the cylindrical corrugated MEMS structure bends into and/or out of the open cylindrical core to push air out of and/or pull air into the open cylindrical core. In one or more implementations, a MEMS speaker may include an array of cylindrical corrugated MEMS structures.