Abstract: A method is provided for automatic calibration of an angle mark transmitter at the crankshaft of an internal combustion engine having fuel injection, Lambda sensor control and electromagnetically actuated gas cylinder valves. The control time "intake closes" is initially adjusted for all gas cylinder valves to a preliminary value. For defined marginal operating conditions, in particular speed and temperature, the control time "intake closes" for at least one gas cylinder valve is changed to determine, via the Lambda sensor control at Lambda=1, a value at which the longest fuel injection time is detected or, for a constant injection time, the leanest operation is detected. The determined control time is compared to the desired control time for an exactly adjusted angle mark transmitter on the internal combustion engine and in case of deviation is compensated for in the control for the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A process for controlling a piston internal combustion engine by maintaining a running limit thereof. The process includes the steps of: detecting in at least one cylinder, over at least one work cycle and without reference to a crankshaft position of the engine, a measured variable which is influenced by a conversion of fuel into energy; setting the measured variable in relation to a detected, stored measured variable of at least one previously intercepted work cycle; and producing an adjusting signal from any deviation between the measured variables for inputting the adjusting signal to an engine regulation system. The measured variable can be either a pressure course, a light intensity or an ion current corresponding to the combustion process within the engine.

Abstract: A sealing member inside the bag and a withdrawing member outside the bag can be interplugged and cooperate by complimentary conical sealing surfaces to dispense flowable material from the bag. A retaining member is attached to the outer side of the bag wall and clamps a portion of the bag wall between the retaining member and the sealing member to allow a plastic deformation of that portion by the withdrawing member until it ruptures.

Abstract: A tilt mount for a metallurgical vessel having a carrier ring with tilt pins mounted and journaled in stationary bearings for tilting the vessel about a horizontal axis; there being means effective in the direction of a longitudinal axis of the vessel for mounting the vessel in the carrier ring, further comprising, a pair of oppositely positioned hollow bearings, means for mounting each of these bearings to the carrier ring in a locations opposite each other, including a pair of tension elements carrying respectively, on one end, the respective bearing and being with the respective other ends connected to the carrier ring.