Abstract: A method of forming a nanocrystal thin film (NTF) and an electrochromic (EC) device including the NTF, the method including depositing a precursor solution on a substrate to form a precursor layer, and annealing the precursor layer to form the NTF on the substrate. The precursor solution includes metal oxide nanoparticles, a solvent, and C8 or lower capping ligands bound to the metal oxide nanoparticles.

Abstract: Various embodiments may include methods of controlling a temperature of an electrochromic device. The methods may include determining a current temperature of the electrochromic device which includes a first transparent conductor electrically connected to a working electrode, and a second transparent conductor electrically connected to a counter electrode, and applying the heating current to the first transparent conductor and the second transparent conductor if the current temperature is below a minimum temperature to heat the electrochromic device. Further embodiments may include an electrochromic system including an electrochromic device and a controller configured to control the temperature of the electrochromic device.

Abstract: A method of operating an electrochromic (EC) device includes storing energy generated by the EC device during a change in optical state of the EC device.

Abstract: An electrochromic (EC) device and method, the EC device including: an optically transparent first substrate; a working electrode disposed on the first substrate and including electrochromic nanoparticles and a flux material having a melting point ranging from about 25° C. to about 500° C.; and an electrolyte disposed on the working electrode. The flux material is configured to prevent or reduce sintering of the nanoparticles at a temperature of up to about 700° C.

Abstract: An electrochromic (EC) device and method of operating the same, the EC device including a transparent substrate, a working electrode disposed on the substrate and including electrochromic inorganic nanoparticles, a counter electrode, and an electrolyte disposed between the working electrode and the counter electrode, the electrolyte including an electrochromic organic material.

Abstract: A method of forming an electrochromic (EC) device includes forming a solid-state first electrolyte layer, after forming the solid-state first electrolyte layer, laminating the first solid-state first electrolyte layer between a transparent first substrate and a transparent second substrate such that a transparent first electrode is disposed between the first substrate and a first side of the solid-state first electrolyte layer, and a transparent second electrode is disposed between the second substrate and a second side of the solid-state first electrolyte layer, and applying a sealant to seal the solid-state first electrolyte layer between the first and second substrates and to form the EC device.

Abstract: An electrochromic device may include a working electrode that includes a high temperature stable material and nanoparticles of an active core material, a counter electrode, and an electrolyte deposited between the working electrode and the counter electrode. The high temperature stable material may prevent fusing of the nanoparticles of the active core material at temperatures up to 700° C. The high temperature stable material may include tantalum oxide. The high temperature stable material may form a spherical shell or a matrix around the nanoparticles of the active core material. A method of forming an electrochromic device may include depositing a working electrode onto a first substrate, in which the working electrode comprises a high temperature stable material and nanoparticles of an active core material, and heat tempering the working electrode and the first substrate.

Abstract: A gel electrolyte precursor composition, an electrochromic device including a gel electrolyte formed from the precursor composition, and methods of forming the electrochromic device, the precursor composition including polymer network precursors including polyurethane acrylate oligomers, an ionically conducting phase, and an initiator.

Abstract: An electrochromic (EC) privacy window includes an EC pane unit including a first EC device having a bright state and a dark state, and a privacy device facing the EC pane unit and having a bright state and a privacy state configured to attenuate visible radiation transmitted through the window. In some embodiments, when the privacy device is in the privacy state, the window has transmitted haze of greater that 80%. In other embodiments, when the privacy device is in the privacy state and the first EC device is in the dark state, the window has a visible transmittance of about 0.1% or less.

Abstract: A system for providing electrical power to a load is provided. The system includes at least two inverters and at least two resonant circuits. The inverters are operative to electrically connect to a power source. The resonant circuits are each electrically connected to at least one of the inverters and operative to provide electrical power to the load. The resonant circuits are coupled to each other.

Abstract: An electrochromic system and method for controlling photochromic darkening of an electrochromic device, the system including an EC device, a control unit, a voltage detector, and a power supply. The EC device includes a working electrode, a counter electrode, a solid-state polymer electrolyte disposed therebetween, and an ionically conductive and electrically insulating protective layer disposed between the electrolyte and the working electrode. The control unit is configured to control a sweep voltage applied between the working and counter electrodes, such that the sweep voltage is applied when an open circuit voltage (OCV) between the working and counter electrodes is less than a threshold voltage.

Abstract: A power converter with a modular, compact architecture with a reduced component count is disclosed. The power converter includes parallel power conversion sections and utilizes one or more mutual coupling input inductors with multiple windings. The windings are connected in pairs in a differential mode between a power source and the parallel power conversion sections. Each power conversion section receives the same input voltage and generates the same output voltage. As a result of the winding connections and the same input and output voltages, the input of the power converter exhibits current balancing and sharing between each branch of the parallel configuration, allowing a single current sensor to provide a measurement of the current and a single controller to control operation of each of the power conversion sections.

Abstract: Microfluidic structures featuring substantially circular channels may be fabricated by embossing polymer sheets.

Abstract: The systems and methods described herein relate to a high-throughput flow apparatus. The apparatus is used with an array of wells, and is configured to impart a predetermined shear stress on cells cultured within each of the wells of the array of wells. The apparatus includes a plurality of mechanical tips. The plurality of mechanical tips each includes a head with a hemispheroid shape. The apparatus also includes a motor associated with at least one of plurality of mechanical tips. The motor is configured to drive the plurality of mechanical tips to impart the shear stress pattern in each of the wells.

Abstract: An electrochromic system and method for controlling photochromic darkening of an electrochromic device, the system including an EC device, a control unit, a voltage detector, and a power supply. The EC device includes a working electrode, a counter electrode, a solid-state polymer electrolyte disposed therebetween, and a Bragg reflector configured to selectively reflect UV radiation away from the working electrode. The control unit is configured to control a sweep voltage applied between the working and counter electrodes, such that the sweep voltage is applied when an open circuit voltage (OCV) between the working and counter electrodes is less than a threshold voltage.

Abstract: The invention is related to a rotor blade for the generation of electrical power. The rotor blade transforms the kinetic energy of a fluid, into rotational movement of a mechanical shaft. The shape of the rotor blade is characterized in that, along an axis, it is longitudinally bound by a root (a) and a tip (b), which are connected through multiples curved segments, called neutral sectional axes [Eni]. All [Eni] generate a continuous or discontinuous curvature called Primary Neutral Axis [En]. The point corresponding to a leading edge and a trailing edge, configure an airfoil [PAij]. The curvature of the blade (e) has an arch of length L, and is defined by the neutral sectional axes [Eni]. The blade (e) is defined by at least one continuous curved section called primary neutral axis [En] having a length [Ln]. The blade's shape has a variable cross section along the Primary Neutral Axis [En].

Abstract: There is disclosed a build material supply unit, comprising: a supply chamber body enclosing a supply volume to contain a build material for additive manufacture; an electromagnetic distance sensor to determine a length parameter relating to a length of a beam pathway extending from an emitter of the sensor to a surface level of build material in the supply volume; and a reflector to reflect the beam pathway between the emitter and the surface level of build material; wherein the reflector is spaced apart from the emitter.

Abstract: An electrochromic device includes a light transmissive first substrate, a working electrode disposed on the first substrate, a light transmissive second substrate facing the first substrate, a counter electrode disposed on the second substrate, and a lithium-rich anti-perovskite (LiRAP) material disposed between the first and second substrates. The LiRAP material includes an ionically conductive and electrically insulating LiRAP material.

Abstract: An electrochromic system and method for controlling photochromic darkening of an electrochromic device, the system including an EC device, a control unit, a voltage detector, and a power supply. The EC device includes a working electrode, a counter electrode, and a solid-state polymer electrolyte disposed therebetween. The control unit is configured to control a sweep voltage applied between the working and counter electrodes, such that the sweep voltage is applied when an open circuit voltage (OCV) between the working and counter electrodes is less than a threshold voltage.

Abstract: An electrochromic device may include a working electrode that includes a high temperature stable material and nanoparticles of an active core material, a counter electrode, and an electrolyte deposited between the working electrode and the counter electrode. The high temperature stable material may prevent fusing of the nanoparticles of the active core material at temperatures up to 700° C. The high temperature stable material may include tantalum oxide. The high temperature stable material may form a spherical shell or a matrix around the nanoparticles of the active core material. A method of forming an electrochromic device may include depositing a working electrode onto a first substrate, in which the working electrode comprises a high temperature stable material and nanoparticles of an active core material, and heat tempering the working electrode and the first substrate.