Abstract: The present invention relates to a continuous process for the enzymatic preparation of isomaltulose. A periplasmatic sucrose-mutase is produced by fermentation of microorganisms which form sucrose-mutase. The cell-free crude enzyme extract is prepared by digestion of the cells and by cross-flow microfiltration. In a single-stage, simultaneous purification and immobilization of the sucrose-mutase from the cell-free crude extract conditioned by diafiltration is obtained by selective bonding to an anionizable carrier matrix. Direct conversion of sucrose into isomaltulose is produced by the sucrose-mutase bonded to the anionizable carrier matrix, preferably in cartridge or cartouche form.

Abstract: Biological material such as microorganisms is immobilized by polymerizing in the presence of the biological material a readily soluble polyetherpolyol having some hydroxyl groups esterified with acrylic and/or methacrylic acid and remaining hydroxyl groups reacted with an isocyanate group-containing derivative of an unsaturated carboxylic acid or a polyfunctional isocyanate. Preferably, the isocyanate derivative of an unsaturated carboxylic acid is isocyanatoethyl acrylate, isocyanatoethyl methacrylate of 4-isocyanato-3-methyl-2-butyl-acrylate and the polyfunctional isocyanate is a diisocyanate or polyisocyanate. Beads can be produced by forming droplets in a water-immiscible medium and polymerizing. Polymerization can be carried out under inert gas in the presence of radical initiators or by irradiation with actinic light.

Abstract: Antibacterially active and animal growth-promoting novel .beta.-lactam compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents the radical ##STR2## Y representing N or CR.sup.9, or Y--R.sup.7 representing >C.dbd.O or >C.dbd.N--R.sup.7,Z representing O, S, or NR.sup.10, andR.sup.2 represents hydrogen or a protective group.

Abstract: Antibacterially active and animal growth-regulating novel .beta.-lactam compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents an optionally substituted radical of the formula ##STR2## Z represents oxygen, sulphur or --N--R.sup.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## whereby, in the average molecule, 20 to 100% of the R.sup.1 radicals are ##STR2## in which R.sup.2 is an alkylphenyl, dialkylphenyl or trialkylphenyl radical and the sum of the alkyl carbon atom per phenyl radical is 6 to 12, a=1 to 2; and0 to 80% of the R.sup.1 radicals are ##STR3## in which R.sup.3 is an alkyl radical with 1 to 16 carbon atoms, an organoacyl radical with 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an aryl radical, b=1 to 2, c=1 to 30, andn=3 to 30, as well as melt spinning finishes comprising5 to 100 weight percent of the compounds of claim 1,0 to 90 weight percent of nonpolar or weakly polar oils,0 to 30 weight percent of nonionic surfactants,0 to 15 weight percent of ionic surfactants,and optional conventional additives, the sum of the components being 100 weight percent.

Abstract: A method of producing finely divided, stable oil-in-water emulsions of organopolysiloxanes is disclosed. The condensation and/or polymerization of lower molecular organosilicon compounds is carried out in a paste which consists of the organosilicon compounds, the amount of emulsifier required for preparing the emulsion and an amount of water equal to 0.5 to 3 times the weight of the emulsifier. This transparent to weakly opaque paste is then stirred in water in order to form an emulsion.

Abstract: A chest X-ray unit is provided which is of compact design and which can be easily utilized. The apparatus includes an exposure station at the front where a film sheet can be tightly held between a pair of intensifier screens, a supply station behind the exposure station for receiving a film cassette and feeding one sheet at a time into the exposure station, and a receiving cassette at the back of the apparatus for receiving one exposed sheet at a time for later developing. A film sheet is moved in a loop from the supply cassette to the exposure station by a pair of input rollers that move the sheet upwardly into a curved guide that extends in a half circle, and by a pair of output rollers at the end of the loop for feeding the sheet downwardly. The output rollers move slightly faster than the input rollers to prevent the middle of the film sheet from scraping against the guide.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aqueous preparation for shrinkproofing wool, which contains, as active ingredient, organopolysiloxanes of a particular structure with mercaptoalkyl or mercaptoaryl radicals and hydrogen atoms. The preparation is storage-stable and causes no yellowing in naturally colored or white wool. The hand of the wool is not disadvantageously affected.

Abstract: Apparatus for dispensing X-ray film sheets includes a backing device disposed in a housing for urging a stack of film sheets into engagement with a roller so that film sheets pass one at a time from the housing. The backing device includes a low friction block at the bottom thereof which has fingers extending through slots in a support plate. A forward portion of the low friction block which moves close to the roller to press a last film of the stack against the roller.

Abstract: To improve the stability and robustness of a rectifier and to protect it against atmospheric influences, two plate-like, series-connected semiconductor diodes are soldered to a common tap electrode between them. An external lead wire is soldered to each of the remaining sides of the diodes. The entire soldered structure is embedded in a single mass of resin or plastic, the ends of the electrodes being configured to serve as anchoring elements in the plastic mass.

Abstract: To improve the stability and robustness of a rectifier and to protect it against atmospheric influences, two semiconductor diodes in the shape of small plates or discs are disposed to hold between them a center electrode. A wire-like lead electrode is held in contact with the remaining side of one diode and the second lead electrode is cup-shaped and its walls surround the diode stack. An inwardly extending lip of the cup-shaped electrode supports a spring which exerts pressure on the enlarged tip of the first lead electrode, thus clamping the entire stack in contact. A cover plate seals the opening of the cup and a resinous mass may be applied over the cover plate to provide a hermetic seal.

Abstract: A preparation for shrinkproofing wool composed of:(a) 1 to 50 weight percent of organopolysiloxanes, which are built up from(a.sub.1) 90 to 99.8 mole percent of units of formula R.sub.2.sup.1 SiO, and(a.sub.2) 0.2 to 10 mole percent of units of the formula R.sup.2 SiO.sub.1.5 in whichR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 consist of 0.1 to 10 mole percent of polyoxyalkylene residues and, on the other hand, of 0.03 to 3 mole percent of mercaptoalkyl or mercaptoaryl residues, and/or 0.06 to 6 mole percent of aminoalkyl residues and/or 0.1 to 10 mole percent of anionic groups, which are linked to silicon atoms through carbon atoms,the remaining portion of R.sup.1 and R.sup.

Abstract: A composition which possesses both good lubrication and release properties for use in the manufacture of molded rubber articles composed of a mixture of(a) monoalkyl ethers of oxyethylene-oxypropylene copolymers, in which the weight ratio of oxyethylene groups to oxypropylene groups is 25 to 75:75 to 25; and(b) polyoxyalkylene-polysiloxane copolymers in which the components (a) are soluble or dispersible.

Abstract: Apparatus for use in taking chest or other X-rays, including a dispenser for the dispensing of one film sheet at a time and a film holder which receives the film sheet and holds it tightly between intensifier screens and which then releases the film sheet for developing. The film sheet and intensifier screens are sandwiched between a backing plate and a plastic sheet. An elongated vertical pressing device can be moved against the middle of the backing plate to deflect it into a curve and thereby cause the film sheet to be held tightly against the intensifier screens.

Abstract: A preparation for shrinkproofing wool composed of 1 to 50 weight percent of organopolysiloxanes composed of 90 to 99.8 mole % of units having the formula R.sub.n.sup.1 SiO.sub.(4-n)/2, and 0.2 to 10 mole % of units having the formula R.sup.2 SiO.sub.3/2 with the remainder being water and other conventional additives. These preparations provide emulsions which are stable over long periods of time, do not precipitate even in the presence of moisture, provide durable shrinkproof properties to wool, and have no adverse effect on the "hand" of the wool.

Abstract: New penicillin derivatives, or esters or salts thereof, of the formula ##STR1## in which R is H or alkoxy,B is a heterocyclic radical,A is an ethylene, trimethylene or o-phenylene radical,D is --co-- or a direct bond, andZ is a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl or alkenyl group, an optionally substituted cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl or cycloalkadienyl group, an optionally substituted aryl group, an optionally substituted hetercyclyl group or an acyl radical.

Abstract: A method for producing strong resistance-welded joints between wires and massive workpieces, especially welded joints between nickel-plated copper wires and steel workpieces. The melting of the nickel coating is insured by producing locally high temperatures and pressures, due to the special configuration of the surface of the workpiece. The work surface is provided with bulges or protrusions which cause a concentration of electrical current and electrode pressure.

Abstract: Apparatus for loading a single sheet of X-ray film into a cassette, from a plastic lighttight envelope containing a stack of such sheets, all in a daylight environment. A receiver for holding the envelope containing the sheets includes a clip at the top that holds one end of the envelope and a groove at the bottom into which the lower end of the envelope can be laid. A rod lies in the groove over the envelope, so that when the lower envelope end is cut, no light leaks in. However, when the receiver is placed on a dispenser, the rod can be withdrawn from outside the receiver to open the envelope and allow the stack of film to fall out into the dispenser which can feed one sheet at a time into the cassette.

Abstract: A package comprising a light-proof envelope or bag containing a plurality of X-ray film sheets stacked for co-operation with a dispensing machine and useful in a daylight handling system for daylight loading and unloading of cassettes. The film sheets are identical and may have a photographic emulsion layer on one or both surfaces. The adjacent films in the stack have their surfaces in contact. Each sheet has a cut-away portion along one edge thereof for coacting with a film selector cam. In the stack, the sheets are alternated so that the cut-away portions lie along a common stack edge and are arranged in two parallel rows. The cut-away portions in adjacent sheets are in different rows and in superposition. After the package is in a dispenser, the envelope or bag is stripped from the stack so that the sheets can be removed one at a time from the stack and passed into film holders or cassettes engaged with the dispensing machine.