Abstract: A torque and pitch managed four rotor aircraft includes intersecting blades connected by synchronizing gears. The power for the rotors is provided by individual motors, one for each rotor, the motors preferably electric. Each rotor-motor assembly includes a torque management system including a set of torque sensors mounted on the drive shaft of the rotor-motor, the torque management system configured to balance the load torque presented by the rotors against the torque supplied by the motors. An additional overriding feedback system regulates rotational speed of the rotors. Direction of the aircraft is effected by adjusting the pitch of the individual rotors, and power is supplied through a battery and/or a motor-generator system located in the aircraft.

Abstract: A torque and pitch managed four rotor aircraft, having intersecting blades connected by synchronizing gears. The power for the rotors is provided by individual motors, one for each rotor, preferably electric. Each rotor-motor assembly includes a torque managing means comprising two torque sensors, one measuring the load torque presented by the rotors and one measuring the drive torque supplied by the motors. A feedback or servo system for each rotor causes the motors to supply a drive torque that is equal to the load torque for each rotor. A second, overriding feedback system regulates the rotors rotational speed. Speed and direction of the aircraft is effected by adjusting the fixed pitch of the individual rotors. Power is supplied through a battery and motor/generator system located elsewhere in the aircraft.

Abstract: In various embodiments, techniques are provided for collaborating and developing a body of knowledge for animation rigging for use in CGI and computer-aided animation. In an embodiment, a computer system may be used to facilitate the creation of rigging for computer-generated models. Using one or more graphical user interfaces, a user can provide the computer system with information defining a set of controls for a computer-generated model. The user can provide the computer system with information providing a description of each control in the set of controls. The user can also provide the computer system with information providing an example of use of each control in the set of controls. A body of knowledge for a standard rig can be created based on the information defining the set of controls, the description of each control, and the example of use of each control using the computer system.

Abstract: A method for a computer system includes displaying a toolbar region with user selectable icons on a display, positioning a cursor on the display over the toolbar region, and receiving a first command from the user while the cursor is positioned over the toolbar region, wherein the first command from the user comprises pressing and holding of a button on a user input device, displaying additional user selectable icons on the display in response to the first command, positioning the cursor on the display over one user selectable icon, and receiving a second command from the user while the cursor is positioned on the one user selectable icon, wherein the second command from the user comprises releasing the button on the user input device, wherein the one user icon and the user selectable icons are then displayed in the toolbar region in response to the second command.

Abstract: A system and method enables animators to pose character models' feet. An initial foot model position is received. The initial foot model position specifies a foot model contact point. One or more foot roll parameters are specified that change the relative angle between at least a portion of the foot model and an initial orientation of an alignment plane. Foot roll parameters specify the rotation of the foot model around foot model contact points. Foot roll parameters can include heel roll, ball roll, and toe roll, which specify the rotation of the foot model around contact points on the heel, ball, and toe, respectively, of a foot model. To maintain the position of the foot model contact point, the foot model position is adjusted based on the foot roll parameter. The repositioned foot model is realigned with alignment plane, which restores contact at the foot model contact point.

Abstract: A horizontal directional drilling system is used to drive operation of a guidable reamer assembly connected to a drill string. The guidable reamer assembly preferably has a cutting member with a central longitudinal axis and a support member also having a central longitudinal axis. The longitudinal axes of the cutting member and the support member are collinear when the reamer assembly is in the non-steering position and laterally displaced when in the steering position. The assembly and method of this invention provide for increased control of reaming operations and product pipe placement.

Abstract: A graphical user interface for a computer system includes a display portion configured to display a representation of a first three-dimensional object, wherein the first three-dimensional object has an associated first volume, and a control icon associated with the first three-dimensional object, wherein the control icon is configured to allow a user to specify a bend amount to the first three-dimensional object in a first dimension, wherein the display portion is also configured to display a representation of a bent first three-dimensional object, wherein the bent first three-dimensional object comprises the first three-dimensional object that is bent lengthwise in response to the bend amount, and that may have an adjusted thickness in response to the bend amount.

Abstract: A graphical user interface for a computer system includes a display portion configured to display a representation of a first three-dimensional object and a second three-dimensional object, wherein the first three-dimensional object has an associated first volume, and wherein the second three-dimensional object has an associated second volume, and a control icon associated with the first three-dimensional object, wherein a user can specify a modification to the first three-dimensional object in a first dimension via the control icon, wherein the display portion is also configured to display a representation of a modified first three-dimensional object, wherein the modified first three-dimensional object comprises the first three-dimensional object that is modified in the first dimension in response to the modification and that is modified in a second dimension in response to the modification and to a volume preservation value.

Abstract: The present invention provides a feedback-controlled audio system. A single internal pressure-sensitive detector is used as the sensor. The primary radiator is mounted facing inward to minimize acoustical delay from the speaker. The present invention also provides a method for increasing acoustical accuracy using such an audio system.

Abstract: A work machine having a first work member and a second work member, both operated from a pivotal control station. In a preferred embodiment the work machine has a backhoe assembly and a loader assembly both supported on a frame and operable from the pivotal control station. The work machine may have left and right low-profile drive systems that allow the first work member to perform work outside and parallel to the longitudinal center axis of the work machine. The work machine has a low-profile power source and operator platform that allow unobstructed visibility of the first and second work members from the control station.

Abstract: An ignition coil assembly is disclosed for a spark plug of the type used in internal combustion engines. The ignition assembly includes a housing, a tubular and cylindrical primary coil, and a tubular and cylindrical secondary coil. The primary and secondary coils are each wound on their individual bobbins and the bobbins are mounted in the housing such that the primary coil is coaxially positioned inside the secondary coil. The ignition coil assembly further includes a magnetic core having a first portion which extends through the interior of both the primary and secondary coil and a second portion which extends exteriorly of the primary and secondary coils. The first portion of the coil is substantially circular in cross sectional shape thus matching the circular interior of the primary bobbin. In order to construct the primary coil and secondary coil subassembly, the primary bobbin is first positioned on a winding machine and the primary wire is wound on the bobbin.

Abstract: An apparatus for aerating water contained at a dam site includes a force main pipe for receiving water from a dam site water reservoir therethrough and a dam aeration assembly in communication with the force main pipe. The dam aeration assembly, via an array of aerators, aerates water delivered from the force main pipe and introduces the aerated water into a dam site discharge waterway.