Abstract: A liquid reservoir for a humidifier containing a base, a top portion opposite the base, a side wall, and a liquid presence indicator. The side wall contains a lower side wall portion adjacent to the base, and an upper side wall portion adjacent to the top portion. The liquid presence indicator interacts with the humidifier to detect the presence of liquid in the liquid reservoir. A humidifier, and/or a medical device may contain the liquid reservoir, and a method may employ the humidifier and/or medical device.

Abstract: A breathing circuit contains a heating circuit (or heating wire) and a sensor, optionally a temperature sensor therein. The heating circuit (or heating wire), and/or the sensor is embedded within the conduit wall. Respiratory apparatuses containing such a breathing circuit, as well as methods of making such a breathing circuit are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a security processing unit of PLC and a bus arbitration method thereof, to provide PLC with an active defense means to build a PLC hardware and software security layer. On a hardware security layer, a part of hardware processing mechanism is added to support trusted measurement, encryption algorithms and signature algorithms, and a virtual isolation technology is used; and on a software security layer, transparent encryption and decryption, integrity verification, backup recovery and virtual isolation security mechanism are provided. The security processing aspect is improved to achieve the purpose of security and reliability. The present invention can correctly establish a trusted environment of PLC to ensure that PLC is guided by a strictly verified path. A new star type trusted structure is designed to reduce loss during information transmission and increase information transmission efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a network guard unit for an industrial embedded system and a guard method. The specific method is to form the network guard unit (NGU) through security technologies, such as integrated access control, identity authentication and communication data encryption, to provide active guard for a site control device. The NGU comprises an access control module, an identity authentication module, a data encryption module, a key negotiation module and a PCIE communication module, and supports the communication modes of dual network cards and PCIE bus. The present invention builds a secure and trusted operating environment for industrial control systems in combination with an active guard technical means in the field of information security on the basis of ensuring the correctness and the feasibility of security of various terminal devices in the industrial control systems.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a dynamic security method and system based on multi-fusion linkage response. In the method, a site control device conducts active response and passive response through identity authentication and key management to give an alarm for abnormal behaviors. The system comprises an access authentication active response module, an access control active response module, an access control passive response module, an abnormal pretending passive response module, a key vulnerability passive response module and an abnormal state passive response mechanism module. On the basis of ensuring validity and feasibility for the security of a terminal device, the present invention can build a secure and trusted industrial control system operating environment.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for trusted booting of PLC based on a measurement mechanism, comprising the following steps: a step of initializing self firmware verification; a step of reading and computing firmware information about a PLC; a step of checking and storing one by one; and a step of verifying at the operation start stage. In the method of the present invention, a chip with a trusted function is used as a core of hardware computation. The PLC extends a Flash bus for loading by hardware of the method of the present invention. The hardware of the method of the present invention recognizes necessary boot information, verifies the integrity of the boot loader necessary for the PLC system through the integrity check method and ensures that the booted PLC system is in a trusted state. On the basis of ensuring validity and feasibility for the safety of a terminal device, the present invention can build a safe and trusted industrial control system operating environment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method, device, and system for transmitting a program and parameter to a PLC. An adapter connecting to a port of a PLC allows an operator to simply (i) log in on a cloud server with use of a mobile terminal on which an APP is installed, (ii) download a written program or parameter, and (iii) transmit the program or parameter directly to the adapter wirelessly to transmit the program or parameter to the PLC via the adapter. An alternative embodiment may be arranged such that the cloud server transmits, to an APP of the mobile terminal over a mobile network, an instruction on what data to sample and that the APP accesses the PLC via the adapter, obtains the data, and feeds back the data to the cloud server. This simplifies the operation for updating and maintaining a program and/or parameter of a PLC and reduces costs.

Abstract: A breathing circuit having a semipermeable membrane, an outer cage, and optionally an inner cage. The semipermeable membrane contains a poly(tetrafluoroethylene) membrane and a graphene anti-bacterial compound. The semipermeable membrane is affixed to the outer cage; optionally between the inner cage and the outer cage. Breathing circuits and breathing systems may contain such a cartridge.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a data forwarding unit based on a Handle identifier, comprising a dynamic configuration module, a Handle identifier data identification module and a matching-forwarding module. The system of the present invention is applied to network devices such as switches and routers, and supports dynamic configuration of data packet analysis, matching and forwarding rules through data interaction with network systems such as SDN managers, so that the network devices can identify data packets based on the Handle identifier and perform the specified operation on the designated data packets with the Handle identifier according to the rules of dynamic configuration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to cognitive wireless sensor network technologies, and in particular to a medium access control method for a cognitive sensor network based on broadcast preamble sampling. A cognitive node in the cognitive sensor network adopts a periodical dormancy-awakening mechanism. Firstly, a state of a primary user is judged by using a spectrum sensing technology. If the primary user is not active, a data sending node establishes a communication link by using a broadcast preamble code. Each neighbor node simultaneously considers information of hops from a gateway according to an awakening order, and independently determines to serve as a relay node for forwarding data. Furthermore, a transmission conflict between the cognitive node and the primary user may be caused due to return or missed alarm of the primary user. The present invention adopts a retransmission mechanism based on confirmation to ensure transmission reliability of data packets.

Abstract: The present invention relates to cognitive wireless sensor network technologies, and in particular to a medium access control method for a cognitive sensor network based on broadcast preamble sampling. A cognitive node in the cognitive sensor network adopts a periodical dormancy awakening mechanism. Firstly, a state of a primary user is judged by using a spectrum sensing technology. If the primary user is not active, a data sending node establishes a communication link by using a broadcast preamble code. Each neighbor node simultaneously considers information of hops from a gateway according to an awakening order, and independently determines to serve as a relay node for forwarding data. Furthermore, a transmission conflict between the cognitive node and the primary user may be caused due to return or missed alarm of the primary user. The present invention adopts a retransmission mechanism based on confirmation to ensure transmission reliability of data packets.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for dispersing graphene. The method includes the following steps: providing a graphene material and a graphene dispersant, wherein the graphene dispersant comprises aniline oligomer or aniline oligomer derivative, the aniline oligomer or aniline oligomer derivative is an electroactive polymer, and the aniline oligomer or aniline oligomer derivative is able to combine with the graphene material via ?-? bond; and adding the graphene material and the graphene dispersant to a dispersing medium, making the aniline oligomer or aniline oligomer derivative combine with the graphene material via ?-? bond, and dispersing the graphene material in the dispersing medium by the graphene dispersant.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a Torus-Quorum based channel rendezvous method for directional antennas. A pair of directional antennas facing any side initially points to the other party mutually in one Torus-Quorum system cycle through a rotation closure attribute of a Torus-Quorum system; and a receiver and a sender switch to a same available channel according to frequency hopping sequences to realize channel rendezvous. In the Torus-Quorum based channel rendezvous method for directional antennas proposed in the present invention, the directional antennas are rotated based on the Torus-Quorum, and elements are ensured to coincide with each other within limited time through the rotation closure attribute of the Torus-Quorum system, i.e., directions are opposite, thereby effectively shortening channel rendezvous time of the directional antennas.

Abstract: An automatic filtering method includes: a step of analyzing an input signal so as to obtain a frequency spectrum of the input signal; and a step of selecting, on the basis of the frequency spectrum, at least one filter from among a plurality of preset filters and filtering the input signal. The step of selecting includes determining, on the basis of the frequency spectrum of, a signal type in the input signal; selecting, on a basis of the signal type, a corresponding filter corresponding to the signal type; filtering the input signal with use of a first parameter of the corresponding filter and setting a second parameter for the corresponding filter on a basis of a result of the filtering; and filtering the input signal with use of the second parameter set for the corresponding filter. The method may ensure a filtering effect against noise.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for a simulated moving bed to adsorb and separate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Zeolite, metal oxide and metal-modified materials are employed as adsorbent. Firstly, diesel oil flows through pre-treatment adsorbent to remove the trace amount of impurities. Secondly, the purified diesel oil flows through the simulated moving bed so that the PAHs can be separated from diesel oil. In this process, the valves are switched periodically, leading to the relative movement of adsorption beds. At the same time, desorbent is pumped into the equipment to wash out PAHs, achieving the continuous adsorption-regeneration operation. Thirdly, simple distillation is employed to separate desorbent from clean diesel oil and PAHs, respectively. Finally, the fractions of clean diesel oil and PAHs can be obtained, respectively. The separated desorbent can be recycled. The PAHs removal rate can reach to 90%.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of architecture of Internet of Things, specifically to a semantics-based architectural model of Internet of Things. The present invention puts forward the architecture of the Internet of Things based on the study of semantic Web, sensor network, sensor Web, wherein the architecture is divided into 7 layers: physical layer, perception layer, gateway layer, data layer, semantic layer, service layer and application layer. By means of semantic processing of sensor data and building of sensor ontology, the architecture is capable of realizing automatic discovery of heterogeneous resources, enhancing the expression ability of data, achieving effective sharing, reuse, integration, and access to data, improving interoperability of resources and accomplishing intellectualized service.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a security processing unit of PLC and a bus arbitration method thereof, to provide PLC with an active defense means to build a PLC hardware and software security layer. On a hardware security layer, a part of hardware processing mechanism is added to support trusted measurement, encryption algorithms and signature algorithms, and a virtual isolation technology is used; and on a software security layer, transparent encryption and decryption, integrity verification, backup recovery and virtual isolation security mechanism are provided. The security processing aspect is improved to achieve the purpose of security and reliability. The present invention can correctly establish a trusted environment of PLC to ensure that PLC is guided by a strictly verified path. A new star type trusted structure is designed to reduce loss during information transmission and increase information transmission efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a network guard unit for an industrial embedded system and a guard method. The specific method is to form the network guard unit (NGU) through security technologies, such as integrated access control, identity authentication and communication data encryption, to provide active guard for a site control device. The NGU comprises an access control module, an identity authentication module, a data encryption module, a key negotiation module and a PCIE communication module, and supports the communication modes of dual network cards and PCIE bus. The present invention builds a secure and trusted operating environment for industrial control systems in combination with an active guard technical means in the field of information security on the basis of ensuring the correctness and the feasibility of security of various terminal devices in the industrial control systems.

Abstract: A method for starting a trusted embedded platform based on TPM industrial control includes taking a Core Root of Trust Measurement (CRTM) as a source of a trust chain and executing CRTM after electrifying an embedded platform; conducting trust measurement of BIOS and starting BIOS after passing measurement; BIOS measuring Bootloader and extending a measured value into PCR corresponding to TPM; after passing the measurement, transferring a control execution right to Bootloader; and Bootloader measuring OS kernel start process, recording a measured value into PCR of TPM, and executing a start flow of OS after passing the measurement. The method performs measurement before start of each part of a start process, and measured values are also stored in the PCR corresponding to TPM. When the start process is tampered by an attacker, an integrity measurement mechanism terminates the execution of a program, thereby ensuring the security of the embedded platform.